scholarly journals Photosensitizer Activation Drives Apoptosis by Interorganellar Ca2+ Transfer and Superoxide Production in Bystander Cancer Cells

Cells ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 8 (10) ◽  
pp. 1175 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chiara Nardin ◽  
Chiara Peres ◽  
Flavia Mazzarda ◽  
Gaia Ziraldo ◽  
Anna Maria Salvatore ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cancer Cells ◽  
Fluorescent Dyes ◽  
Second Messengers ◽  
Cytotoxic Effects ◽  
Melanoma Cancer ◽  
Mitochondrial Superoxide ◽  
Ros Formation ◽  
Bystander Cell Death ◽  
Kinetics Of ◽  
O2 Production

In cells, photosensitizer (PS) activation by visible light irradiation triggers reactive oxygen species (ROS) formation, followed by a cascade of cellular responses involving calcium (Ca2+) and other second messengers, resulting in cell demise. Cytotoxic effects spread to nearby cells not exposed to light by poorly characterized so-called “bystander effects”. To elucidate the mechanisms involved in bystander cell death, we used both genetically encoded biosensors and fluorescent dyes. In particular, we monitored the kinetics of interorganellar Ca2+ transfer and the production of mitochondrial superoxide anion (O2−∙) and hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) in irradiated and bystander B16-F10 mouse melanoma cancer cells. We determined that focal PS photoactivation in a single cell triggers Ca2+ release from the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) also in the surrounding nonexposed cells, paralleled by mitochondrial Ca2+ uptake. Efficient Ca2+ efflux from the ER was required to promote mitochondrial O2−∙ production in these bystander cells. Our results support a key role for ER–mitochondria communication in the induction of ROS-mediated apoptosis in both direct and indirect photodynamical cancer cell killing.

Copper(II):phenanthroline complexes with l-asparagine and l-methionine: Synthesis, crystal structure and in-vitro cytotoxic effects on prostate, breast and melanoma cancer cells

Polyhedron ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 191 ◽  
pp. 114807
Author(s):  
Jessica Andreza Oliveira Rodrigues ◽  
João Gomes de Oliveira Neto ◽  
Aline Oliveira da Silva de Barros ◽  
Alejandro Pedro Ayala ◽  
Ralph Santos-Oliveira ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Crystal Structure ◽  
Cancer Cells ◽  
Cytotoxic Effects ◽  
Melanoma Cancer ◽  
Methionine Synthesis

Cytotoxic effects of disulfiram and synergism with cisplatin on ovarian cancer cells in vitro

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
F Guo ◽  
Z Yang ◽  
J Xu ◽  
J Sehouli ◽  
AE Albers ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Ovarian Cancer ◽  
Cancer Cells ◽  
Ovarian Cancer Cells ◽  
Cytotoxic Effects

Single-chain antibody-decorated Au nanocages@liposomal layer nanoprobes for targeted SERS imaging and remote-controlled photothermal therapy of melanoma cancer cells

2021 ◽  
Vol 124 ◽  
pp. 112086
Author(s):  
Ghazal Farahavar ◽  
Samira Sadat Abolmaali ◽  
Foroogh Nejatollahi ◽  
Amin Safaie ◽  
Sanaz Javanmardi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cancer Cells ◽  
Photothermal Therapy ◽  
Single Chain ◽  
Single Chain Antibody ◽  
Melanoma Cancer ◽  
Sers Imaging

scholarly journals Antioxidant Synergy of Mitochondrial Phospholipase PNPLA8/iPLA2γ with Fatty Acid–Conducting SLC25 Gene Family Transporters

Antioxidants ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (5) ◽  
pp. 678
Author(s):  
Martin Jabůrek ◽  
Pavla Průchová ◽  
Blanka Holendová ◽  
Alexander Galkin ◽  
Petr Ježek
Keyword(s):  
Lipid Peroxidation ◽  
Unsaturated Fatty Acids ◽  
Second Messengers ◽  
Redox Status ◽  
Mitochondrial Uncoupling ◽  
Mitochondrial Carrier ◽  
Mitochondrial Superoxide ◽  
Redox Activation ◽  
Mitochondrial Carrier Family ◽  
Alternatively Activated

Patatin-like phospholipase domain-containing protein PNPLA8, also termed Ca2+-independent phospholipase A2γ (iPLA2γ), is addressed to the mitochondrial matrix (or peroxisomes), where it may manifest its unique activity to cleave phospholipid side-chains from both sn-1 and sn-2 positions, consequently releasing either saturated or unsaturated fatty acids (FAs), including oxidized FAs. Moreover, iPLA2γ is directly stimulated by H2O2 and, hence, is activated by redox signaling or oxidative stress. This redox activation permits the antioxidant synergy with mitochondrial uncoupling proteins (UCPs) or other SLC25 mitochondrial carrier family members by FA-mediated protonophoretic activity, termed mild uncoupling, that leads to diminishing of mitochondrial superoxide formation. This mechanism allows for the maintenance of the steady-state redox status of the cell. Besides the antioxidant role, we review the relations of iPLA2γ to lipid peroxidation since iPLA2γ is alternatively activated by cardiolipin hydroperoxides and hypothetically by structural alterations of lipid bilayer due to lipid peroxidation. Other iPLA2γ roles include the remodeling of mitochondrial (or peroxisomal) membranes and the generation of specific lipid second messengers. Thus, for example, during FA β-oxidation in pancreatic β-cells, H2O2-activated iPLA2γ supplies the GPR40 metabotropic FA receptor to amplify FA-stimulated insulin secretion. Cytoprotective roles of iPLA2γ in the heart and brain are also discussed.

B16 Melanoma Cancer Cells with Higher Metastatic Potential are More Deformable at a Whole-Cell Level

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yoshihiro Ujihara ◽  
Daichi Ono ◽  
Koki Nishitsuji ◽  
Megumi Ito ◽  
Shukei Sugita ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cancer Cells ◽  
Metastatic Potential ◽  
B16 Melanoma ◽  
Cell Level ◽  
Whole Cell ◽  
Melanoma Cancer

scholarly journals CD36 promotes vasculogenic mimicry in melanoma by mediating adhesion to the extracellular matrix

BMC Cancer ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Carmela Martini ◽  
Mark DeNichilo ◽  
Danielle P. King ◽  
Michaelia P. Cockshell ◽  
Brenton Ebert ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Extracellular Matrix ◽  
Cancer Cells ◽  
Vasculogenic Mimicry ◽  
Tumor Vasculature ◽  
Melanoma Cells ◽  
Human Melanoma ◽  
Cell Surface Glycoprotein ◽  
Melanoma Cancer ◽  
In Vitro Angiogenesis

Abstract Background The formation of blood vessels within solid tumors directly contributes to cancer growth and metastasis. Until recently, tumor vasculature was thought to occur exclusively via endothelial cell (EC) lined structures (i.e. angiogenesis), but a second source of tumor vasculature arises from the cancer cells themselves, a process known as vasculogenic mimicry (VM). While it is generally understood that the function of VM vessels is the same as that of EC-lined vessels (i.e. to supply oxygen and nutrients to the proliferating cancer cells), the molecular mechanisms underpinning VM are yet to be fully elucidated. Methods Human VM-competent melanoma cell lines were examined for their VM potential using the in vitro angiogenesis assays (Matrigel), together with inhibition studies using small interfering RNA and blocking monoclonal antibodies. Invasion assays and adhesion assays were used to examine cancer cell function. Results Herein we demonstrate that CD36, a cell surface glycoprotein known to promote angiogenesis by ECs, also supports VM formation by human melanoma cancer cells. In silico analysis of CD36 expression within the melanoma cohort of The Cancer Genome Atlas suggests that melanoma patients with high expression of CD36 have a poorer clinical outcome. Using in vitro ‘angiogenesis’ assays and CD36-knockdown approaches, we reveal that CD36 supports VM formation by human melanoma cells as well as adhesion to, and invasion through, a cancer derived extracellular matrix substrate. Interestingly, thrombospondin-1 (TSP-1), a ligand for CD36 on ECs that inhibits angiogenesis, has no effect on VM formation. Further investigation revealed a role for laminin, but not collagen or fibronectin, as ligands for CD36 expressing melanoma cells. Conclusions Taken together, this study suggests that CD36 is a novel regulator of VM by melanoma cancer cells that is facilitated, at least in part, via integrin-α3 and laminin. Unlike angiogenesis, VM is not perturbed by the presence of TSP-1, thus providing new information on differences between these two processes of tumor vascularization which may be exploited to combat cancer progression.

scholarly journals Enhancement of cytotoxic effects of gemcitabine by Dclk1 inhibition through suppression of Chk1 phosphorylation in human pancreatic cancer cells

2017 ◽  
Vol 38 (5) ◽  
pp. 3238-3244 ◽  
Author(s):  
Daichi Kawamura ◽  
Yoshihiro Takemoto ◽  
Arata Nishimoto ◽  
Koji Ueno ◽  
Tohru Hosoyama ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Pancreatic Cancer ◽  
Cancer Cells ◽  
Human Pancreatic Cancer ◽  
Cytotoxic Effects ◽  
Pancreatic Cancer Cells

Short- and long-term cytotoxic effects of doxorubicin conjugates with dendrimers and vector protein on MCF-7/MDR1 chemoresistant breast cancer cells

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
I. A. Zamulaeva ◽  
O. N. Matchuk ◽  
K. A. Churyukina ◽  
V. A. Kudryavtzev ◽  
N. G. Yabbarov ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Breast Cancer ◽  
Cancer Cells ◽  
Breast Cancer Cells ◽  
Cytotoxic Effects ◽  
Short And Long Term ◽  
Mcf 7
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