scholarly journals Patient Derived Chicken Egg Tumor Model (PDcE Model): Current Status and Critical Issues

Cells ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 8 (5) ◽  
pp. 440 ◽  
Author(s):  
Aoi Komatsu ◽  
Kotaro Matsumoto ◽  
Tomoki Saito ◽  
Manabu Muto ◽  
Fuyuhiko Tamanoi
Keyword(s):  
Cancer Patients ◽  
Chorioallantoic Membrane ◽  
Tumor Model ◽  
Tumor Formation ◽  
Current Status ◽  
Cam Assay ◽  
Chicken Egg ◽  
Critical Issues ◽  
Chicken Eggs ◽  
Chorioallantoic Membrane Assay

Chorioallantoic membrane assay (CAM assay) using fertilized chicken eggs has been used for the study of tumor formation, angiogenesis and metastasis. Recently, there is growing realization that this system provides a valuable assay for a patient-derived tumor model. Several reports establish that tumor samples from cancer patients can be used to reproduce tumor in the chicken egg. High transplantation efficiency has been achieved. In this review, we discuss examples of transplanting patient tumors. We then discuss critical issues that need to be addressed to pursue this line of experiments. The patient-derived chicken egg model (PDcE model) has an advantage over other models in its rapid tumor formation. This raises the possibility that the PDcE model is valuable for identifying optimum drug for each individual patient.

scholarly journals Evaluation of pharmacological effect of Teucrium stocksianum extract on angiogenesis using chorioallantoic membrane assay

2016 ◽  
Vol 11 (3) ◽  
pp. 621
Author(s):  
Nazia Tabassum ◽  
Alamgeer . ◽  
Abdul Aziz ◽  
Bashir Ahmad
Keyword(s):  
Blood Vessels ◽  
Plant Extract ◽  
Chorioallantoic Membrane ◽  
Pharmacological Effect ◽  
Cam Assay ◽  
Antiangiogenic Effect ◽  
Teucrium Stocksianum ◽  
Chorioallantoic Membrane Assay

<p class="Abstract">The present study was aimed to evaluate the effect of <em>Teucrium stocksianum</em> on angiogenesis by using chorioallantoic membrane (CAM) assay. Fertilized eggs were incubated on the 5<sup>th</sup> day and dose of different dilutions 0.03%, 0.05%, 0.1%, and 0.5% of the plant extract was applied on 6<sup>th</sup> day. Evaluation of primary, secondary and tertiary blood vessels diameter and CAM area on 7<sup>th</sup> day by SPIP software. <em>T. stocksianum</em> showed antiangiogenic effect by reducing the diameter of CAM of blood vessels by applying the dilutions while significant results were obtained at dilution of 0.5%.</p><p> </p><p><strong> </strong></p>

scholarly journals Chemical Composition of Juniperus Phoenicea and J. Drupacea Essential Oils and their Biological Effects in the Choriallantoic Membrane (CAM) Assay

2017 ◽  
Vol 12 (3) ◽  
pp. 1934578X1701200
Author(s):  
Aikaterini Koutsaviti ◽  
Olga Tzakou ◽  
Enza Maria Galati ◽  
Giovanna Certo ◽  
Maria Paola Germanò
Keyword(s):  
Essential Oil ◽  
Essential Oils ◽  
Topical Application ◽  
Biological Effects ◽  
Chorioallantoic Membrane ◽  
Cam Assay ◽  
Angiogenic Potential ◽  
Juniperus Phoenicea ◽  
Germacrene D ◽  
Chorioallantoic Membrane Assay

The aim of the present study was the chemical analysis of the essential oils from Juniperus phoenicea and J. drupacea female cones and evaluation of their biological effects. Fresh samples, collected in Greece, were subjected separately to hydrodistillation and the oils obtained analyzed by GC-FID and GC-MS. The oils were assessed using the CAM (chorioallantoic membrane) assay to evaluate their anti-angiogenic potential and the lack of irritant effects in topical application. GC analysis showed that mainly quantitative differences among the samples were observed: limonene was the most abundant compound in J. drupacea (27.0%) compared with J. phoenicea oil (1.6%); the content of α-pinene was high in both essential oils ( J. phoenicea 22.1%, J. drupacea 26.1%) followed by germacrene D ( J. phoenicea 7.4%, J. drupacea 7.1%, respectively). Nevertheless, qualitative differences were also detected as the diterpene 4- epi-abietal was present in a considerable amount (13.2%) in J. phoenicea essential oil, but was not detected in J. drupacea oil. In the CAM assay, only J. phoenicea essential oil evidenced a rather weak anti-angiogenic activity compared with the standard retinoic acid, but no irritant effect was observed for either essential oil suggesting their safety for topical application.

scholarly journals ID: 1062 The chicken egg tumor model provides an attractive system for evaluating anticancer drugs

2017 ◽  
Vol 4 (S) ◽  
pp. 144
Author(s):  
Binh Thanh Vu ◽  
Joel Hayashi ◽  
Fuyu Tamanoi
Keyword(s):  
Ovarian Cancer ◽  
Tumor Growth ◽  
Cancer Cells ◽  
Chorioallantoic Membrane ◽  
Tumor Model ◽  
Tumor Xenograft ◽  
Ovarian Cancer Cells ◽  
Post Inoculation ◽  
Chicken Egg ◽  
Green Fluorescent

Among various tumor models, the chicken egg tumor model provides an attractive system for tumor characterization as well as for characterization of drugs and nanoparticles targeting the tumor. Xenograft tumors can be grown rapidly on a highly vascularized structure known as the chorioallantoic membrane (CAM). In this poster, we describe a method for growing tumors on the CAM membrane. Freshly fertilized chicken eggs are incubated in the rotary humidified incubator. On day 10 of the embryo development, the CAM is detached from the inner eggshell, a window is made in the shell to expose the CAM, a Teflon ring is place above the blood vessel, and cancer cells are grafted and placed inside the ring. Three days post inoculation, solid tumors are ~5mm in diameter and can easily be observed through the shell window. We have used green fluorescent ovarian cancer cells to follow tumor growth. H&E staining of the tumor established by transplanting human ovarian cancer cells showed that the tumor established in the chicken egg closely resembles tumors from ovarian cancer patients. Intravenous injection of doxorubicin led to a dramatic inhibition of tumor growth without affecting egg overall survival, as organs obtained after the doxorubicin treatment exhibited normal appearance. Our study shows that the CAM assay is a promising model to evaluate tumor targeting and bio-distribution of nanoparticles

scholarly journals The CAM Model for CIC-DUX4 Sarcoma and Its Potential Use for Precision Medicine

Cells ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (10) ◽  
pp. 2613
Author(s):  
Aoi Komatsu ◽  
Kotaro Matsumoto ◽  
Yuki Yoshimatsu ◽  
Yooksil Sin ◽  
Arisa Kubota ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Second Generation ◽  
Fusion Gene ◽  
Chorioallantoic Membrane ◽  
Tumor Formation ◽  
Cancer Type ◽  
Membrane Expression ◽  
Chicken Chorioallantoic Membrane ◽  
Cam Model ◽  
Chorioallantoic Membrane Assay ◽  
Potential Use

(1) Background: CIC-DUX4 sarcoma is a rare mesenchymal small round cell tumor which belongs to rare cancers that occupy a significant percentage of cancer cases as a whole, despite each being rare. Importantly, each rare cancer type has different features, and thus there is a need to develop a model that mimics the features of each of these cancers. We evaluated the idea that the chicken chorioallantoic membrane assay (CAM), a convenient and versatile animal model, can be established for the CIC-DUX4 sarcoma. (2) Methods: Patient-derived cell lines of CIC-DUX4 were applied. These cells were transplanted onto the CAM membrane and tumor formation was examined by H&E staining, immunohistochemistry and Western blotting. The CAM tumor was transferred onto a fresh CAM and was also used to form organoids. Retention of the fusion gene was examined. (3) Results: H&E staining as well as molecular characterization demonstrated the formation of the CIC-DUX4 tumor on the CAM membrane. Expression of cyclin D2 and ETV4 was identified. The CAM tumor was transferred to a fresh CAM to form the second-generation CAM tumor. In addition, we were successful in forming tumor organoids using the CAM tumor. Retention of the fusion gene CIC-DUX4 in the CAM, second-generation CAM, and in the CAM-derived organoids was confirmed by RT-PCR. (4) Conclusions: The CAM assay provides a promising model for CIC-DUX4 sarcoma.

scholarly journals Antiangiogenic activity of zinc and zinc-sorafenib combination using the chick chorioallantoic membrane assay: a descriptive study

2017 ◽  
Vol 6 (5) ◽  
pp. 1060
Author(s):  
Manu Kumar ◽  
Girish Gulab Meshram ◽  
Tripti Rastogi ◽  
Sonal Sharma ◽  
Rachna Gupta ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Kinase Inhibitor ◽  
Chorioallantoic Membrane ◽  
Angiogenesis Inhibitor ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Cam Assay ◽  
Dose Ratio ◽  
Antiangiogenic Activity ◽  
Chick Chorioallantoic Membrane ◽  
Branching Points ◽  
Chorioallantoic Membrane Assay

Background: Zinc, a trace element, is known for downregulating several proangiogenic growth factors and cytokines. However, its antiangiogenic activity is not adequately studied. The present study was aimed to evaluate the possible antiangiogenic activity of zinc via the chick chorioallantoic membrane (CAM) assay. Also, the antiangiogenic activity of the combination therapy of zinc with various doses of sorafenib, a tyrosine kinase inhibitor, was evaluated.Methods: A pilot study was initially conducted so as to select suitable doses of zinc and sorafenib. The antiangiogenic activity after combining zinc 2.5 μg/embryo with sorafenib 1, and 2 μg/embryo was also evaluated. The antiangiogenic activity was quantified in terms of total length of blood vessels, number of junctions, number of branching points, and mean length of the blood vessels.Results: Zinc 2.5 μg/embryo showed significant (p <0.05) antiangiogenic activity, as compared to the control group. However, its effect was not comparable to that of sorafenib 2 μg/embryo. The combination of zinc 2.5 μg/embryo with sorafenib 2 μg/embryo did not show an additive/synergistic effect. The combination of zinc 2.5 μg/embryo with sorafenib 1 μg/embryo produced an antiangiogenic activity which was comparable (p >0.05) to that of sorafenib 2 μg/embryo.Conclusions: Zinc caused significant antiangiogenic activity in the CAM assay. The lack of addition/synergism in the zinc-sorafenib combination could have been due to the variability in the dose/ratio selection. Addition of zinc to sorafenib therapy could improve treatment tolerability, reduce cost of therapy, and reduce the emergence of drug resistance. Future mechanistic studies could identify the exact pharmacodynamics of zinc as an angiogenesis inhibitor.

scholarly journals Clinical CYP2D6 Genotyping to Personalize Adjuvant Tamoxifen Treatment in ER-Positive Breast Cancer Patients: Current Status of a Controversy

Cancers ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (4) ◽  
pp. 771
Author(s):  
Tessa A. M. Mulder ◽  
Mirjam de With ◽  
Marzia del Re ◽  
Romano Danesi ◽  
Ron H. J. Mathijssen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Breast Cancer ◽  
Clinical Outcome ◽  
Cancer Patients ◽  
Plasma Concentrations ◽  
Tamoxifen Treatment ◽  
Current Status ◽  
Endocrine Treatment ◽  
Breast Cancer Patients ◽  
Er Positive ◽  
Positive Breast Cancer

Tamoxifen is a major option for adjuvant endocrine treatment in estrogen receptor (ER) positive breast cancer patients. The conversion of the prodrug tamoxifen into the most active metabolite endoxifen is mainly catalyzed by the enzyme cytochrome P450 2D6 (CYP2D6). Genetic variation in the CYP2D6 gene leads to altered enzyme activity, which influences endoxifen formation and thereby potentially therapy outcome. The association between genetically compromised CYP2D6 activity and low endoxifen plasma concentrations is generally accepted, and it was shown that tamoxifen dose increments in compromised patients resulted in higher endoxifen concentrations. However, the correlation between CYP2D6 genotype and clinical outcome is still under debate. This has led to genotype-based tamoxifen dosing recommendations by the Clinical Pharmacogenetic Implementation Consortium (CPIC) in 2018, whereas in 2019, the European Society of Medical Oncology (ESMO) discouraged the use of CYP2D6 genotyping in clinical practice for tamoxifen therapy. This paper describes the latest developments on CYP2D6 genotyping in relation to endoxifen plasma concentrations and tamoxifen-related clinical outcome. Therefore, we focused on Pharmacogenetic publications from 2018 (CPIC publication) to 2021 in order to shed a light on the current status of this debate.

scholarly journals Inhibitory Effects of Breast Milk-Derived Lactobacillus rhamnosus Probio-M9 on Colitis-Associated Carcinogenesis by Restoration of the Gut Microbiota in a Mouse Model

Nutrients ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (4) ◽  
pp. 1143
Author(s):  
Haiyan Xu ◽  
Keizo Hiraishi ◽  
Lin-Hai Kurahara ◽  
Yuko Nakano-Narusawa ◽  
Xiaodong Li ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Therapeutic Potential ◽  
Lactobacillus Rhamnosus ◽  
Tumor Model ◽  
Intestinal Bacteria ◽  
Inflammatory Cells ◽  
Shannon Index ◽  
Tumor Formation ◽  
Intestinal Bacterium ◽  
Α Diversity ◽  
Inflammatory Bowel

Chronic inflammation is a risk factor for colorectal cancer, and inflammatory cytokines secreted from inflammatory cells and active oxygen facilitate tumorigenesis. Intestinal bacteria are thought to regulate tumorigenesis. The longer the breastfeeding period, the lower is the risk of inflammatory bowel disease. Here, we investigated preventive effects of the probiotic Lactobacillus rhamnosus M9 (Probio-M9) on colitis-associated tumorigenesis. An inflammatory colorectal tumor model was established using a 6-week-old male C57BL/6NCrSlc mouse, which was intraperitoneally administered with azoxymethane (AOM: 12 mg/kg body weight). On weeks 2 and 4, 2% dextran sulfate sodium (DSS) was administered to mice for 7 days through drinking water. On weeks 8 and 10, Probio-M9 (2 × 109/day) was orally administered for 7 days. Animals were sacrificed at 20 weeks after AOM administration and immunohistochemical staining and Western blotting was performed. The α-diversity of microflora (Shannon index), principal coordinate analysis, and distribution of intestinal bacterium genera and metabolic pathways were compared. The AOM/DSS group showed weight loss, diarrhea, intestinal shortening, increased number of colon tumors, proliferating tumorigenesis, increased inflammation score, fibrosis, increased CD68+, or CD163+ macrophage cells in the subserosal layer of non-tumor areas. Inflammation and tumorigenesis ameliorated after Probio-M9 treatment. Fecal microbial functions were altered by AOM/DSS treatment. Probio-M9 significantly upregulated the fecal microbial diversity and reversed fecal microbial functions. Thus, Probio-M9 could suppress tumor formation in the large intestine by regulating the intestinal environment and ameliorating inflammation, suggesting its therapeutic potential for treatment of inflammation and colitis-associated tumorigenesis.

scholarly journals Pro-angiogenic and osteogenic composite scaffolds of fibrin, alginate and calcium phosphate for bone tissue engineering

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 ◽  
pp. 204173142110056
Author(s):  
Nupur Kohli ◽  
Vaibhav Sharma ◽  
Alodia Orera ◽  
Prasad Sawadkar ◽  
Nazanin Owji ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Tissue Engineering ◽  
Calcium Phosphate ◽  
Bone Tissue Engineering ◽  
Bone Tissue ◽  
Chorioallantoic Membrane ◽  
Cam Assay ◽  
Clinical Model ◽  
Chick Chorioallantoic Membrane ◽  
Biomimetic Method ◽  
Alginate Scaffold

Due to the limitations of bone autografts, we aimed to develop new composite biomaterials with pro-angiogenic and osteogenic properties to be used as scaffolds in bone tissue engineering applications. We used a porous, cross-linked and slowly biodegradable fibrin/alginate scaffold originally developed in our laboratory for wound healing, throughout which deposits of calcium phosphate (CaP) were evenly incorporated using an established biomimetic method. Material characterisation revealed the porous nature and confirmed the deposition of CaP precursor phases throughout the scaffolds. MC3T3-E1 cells adhered to the scaffolds, proliferated, migrated and differentiated down the osteogenic pathway during the culture period. Chick chorioallantoic membrane (CAM) assay results showed that the scaffolds were pro-angiogenic and biocompatible. The work presented here gave useful insights into the potential of these pro-angiogenic and osteogenic scaffolds for bone tissue engineering and merits further research in a pre-clinical model prior to its clinical translation.

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