scholarly journals GLUT1, GLUT3 Expression and 18FDG-PET/CT in Human Malignant Melanoma: What Relationship Exists? New Insights and Perspectives

Cells ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (11) ◽  
pp. 3090
Author(s):  
Gerardo Cazzato ◽  
Anna Colagrande ◽  
Antonietta Cimmino ◽  
Caterina Abbatepaolo ◽  
Emilio Bellitti ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Malignant Melanoma ◽  
Glucose Transporter ◽  
Inclusion Criteria ◽  
Human Malignant Melanoma ◽  
Glucose Transporter 1 ◽  
Common Cancer ◽  
18Fdg Pet ◽  
Skin Cancers ◽  
Pet Ct ◽  
Meta Analyses

(1) Background: Malignant melanoma is the most aggressive of skin cancers and the 19th most common cancer worldwide, with an estimated age-standardized incidence rate of 2.8–3.1 per 100,000; although there have been clear advances in therapeutic treatment, the prognosis of MM patients with Breslow thickness greater than 1 mm is still quite poor today. The study of how melanoma cells manage to survive and proliferate by consuming glucose has been partially addressed in the literature, but some rather interesting results are starting to be present. (2) Methods: A systematic review was conducted following the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) guidelines and a search of PubMed and Web of Sciences (WoS) databases was performed until 27 September 2021 using the terms: glucose transporter 1 and 3 and GLUT1/3 in combination with each of the following: melanoma, neoplasm and immunohistochemistry. (3) Results: In total, 46 records were initially identified in the literature search, of which six were duplicates. After screening for eligibility and inclusion criteria, 16 publications were ultimately included. (4) Conclusions: the results discussed regarding the role and expression of GLUT are still far from definitive, but further steps toward understanding and stopping this mechanism have, at least in part, been taken. New studies and new discoveries should lead to further clarification of some aspects since the various mechanisms of glucose uptake by neoplastic cells are not limited to the transporters of the GLUT family alone.

CT imaging of bone and bone marrow infiltration in malignant melanoma—Challenges and limitations for clinical staging in comparison to 18FDG-PET/CT

2016 ◽  
Vol 85 (4) ◽  
pp. 732-738 ◽  
Author(s):  
Georg Bier ◽  
Vera Hoffmann ◽  
Christopher Kloth ◽  
Ahmed E. Othman ◽  
Thomas Eigentler ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Bone Marrow ◽  
Malignant Melanoma ◽  
Ct Imaging ◽  
Bone Marrow Infiltration ◽  
Clinical Staging ◽  
18Fdg Pet ◽  
Pet Ct

scholarly journals miR-383-5p Inhibits Human Malignant Melanoma via Targeting CENPF

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Wanwan Jin ◽  
Huazhen Liu ◽  
Qin Xu ◽  
Nan Lin ◽  
Haiting Xu
Keyword(s):  
Cell Proliferation ◽  
Malignant Melanoma ◽  
Biochemical Analysis ◽  
Migration And Invasion ◽  
Human Malignant Melanoma ◽  
Invasion And Migration ◽  
Skin Cancers ◽  
And Migration ◽  
A375 Cells

Abstract Background: Human malignant melanoma (MM) is one of the skin cancers with the highest mortality. In this study, we investigated the role of miR-383-5p on human MM cells. Methods: The expression of miR-383-5p was measured by quantitative real-time PCR assay. The cell proliferation, invasion and migration were detected by CCK8, clone formation and transwell assays. Flow cytometry assay was used to detect apoptosis. The binding of miR-383-5p and 3’UTR of CENPF mRNA was indicated by dual-luciferase assays.Results: We found that miR-383-5p inhibited the cells proliferation, migration and invasion, and promoted apoptosis of M14 and A375 cells. Biochemical analysis revealed that the expression of miR-383-5p was negatively correlated with CENPF expression in human MM, and the doul-luciferase report showed that miR-383-5p could effectively bind to the 3’UTR of CENPF. CENPF expression was up-regulated and predicted the prognosis of MM. In addition, high expression of CENPF can effectively remedy the resistance of cell proliferation and vitality caused by miR-383-5p. Conclusion: In conclusion, miR-383-5p acts as a tumor suppressor in human MM by targeting CENPF, suggesting that CENPF may be a potential therapeutic target for human MM.

scholarly journals A CASE OF ORAL MUCOSAL MALIGNANT MELANOMA IN DISGUISE OF CERVICAL METASTATIC LYPMHADENOPATHY WITH APPARENTLY UNKNOWN PRIMARY.

2015 ◽  
Vol 23 (3) ◽  
pp. 129-133
Author(s):  
Somesh Mozumder ◽  
Shirish Dubey ◽  
Aniruddha Dam ◽  
Anup Kumar Bhowmick
Keyword(s):  
Malignant Melanoma ◽  
Malignant Tumors ◽  
Cervical Lymphadenopathy ◽  
Whole Body ◽  
Unknown Primary ◽  
Cytological Diagnosis ◽  
Pigmented Lesions ◽  
18Fdg Pet ◽  
Pet Ct ◽  
Mucosal Malignant Melanoma

Introduction: Primary malignant melanoma of the oral cavity is a rare neoplasm. The tumors tend to metastasize or locally invade tissue more readily than other malignant tumors in the oral region. Case Report: A 55 year old male presented with left sided hard cervical lymphadenopathy with unknown primary with cytology of malignant melanoma. 18FDG-PET-C.T scan helped identification of the primary. Discussion: The survival of patients with mucosal melanomas is less than for those with cutaneous melanomas. Tumor size and metastases are related to the prognosis of the disease. Early oral malignant melanomas can be clinically very difficult to distinguish from other benign oral pigmented lesions. Conclusion:  Any case presenting with cervical lymphadenopathy with a cytological diagnosis of Malignant Melanoma and without clinically identifiable primary, early detection using whole body 18FDG-PET CT is utmost important.

scholarly journals True hypopharyngeal carcinosarcoma: a case report and literature review

2018 ◽  
Vol 46 (8) ◽  
pp. 3446-3461 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jiang-Tao Zhong ◽  
Xiao-Xing Xie ◽  
Shui-Hong Zhou ◽  
Hong-Tian Yao ◽  
Zhe Chen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fdg Pet ◽  
Glucose Transporter ◽  
Smooth Muscle Actin ◽  
Correct Diagnosis ◽  
Benign Tumors ◽  
Postoperative Radiation Therapy ◽  
Glucose Transporter 1 ◽  
Glut 1 ◽  
Pet Ct ◽  
Fdg Pet Ct

Objective Carcinosarcoma consists of carcinomatous and sarcomatous tissues and is an aggressive malignant tumor. It is rarely reported in the hypopharynx. Methods A 72-year-old man presented with dysphagia and dyspnea. Laryngoscopy, computed tomography (CT), and 18F-fluorodeoxyglucose positron emission tomography/CT (18F-FDG PET/CT) showed a neoplasm on the left posterior hypopharyngeal wall. The patient underwent bilateral neck dissection and excision of the hypopharyngeal cancer followed by postoperative radiation therapy. Results Immunohistochemistry revealed carcinomatous cells with membrane positivity for cytokeratin, glucose transporter-1 (GLUT-1), phosphoinositide-3 kinase (PI3K), hypoxia-inducible factor-1α (HIF-1α), and hexokinase-II as well as sarcomatous cells with membrane positivity for smooth muscle actin, GLUT-1, HIF-1α, and PI3K. Histopathology and immunohistochemistry revealed a true carcinosarcoma of the hypopharynx (pT3N0M0, Stage III). Conclusions Thorough immunohistochemistry is required for a correct diagnosis of hypopharyngeal carcinosarcoma. 18F-FDG PET/CT may help to distinguish hypopharyngeal carcinosarcoma from benign tumors.

18FDG-PET to assess recurrence and long term survival in patients with malignant melanoma

2013 ◽  
Vol 52 (05) ◽  
pp. 198-203 ◽  
Author(s):  
H. A. Wieder ◽  
G. Tekin ◽  
S. Rosenbaum-Krumme ◽  
J. Klode ◽  
J. Altenbernd ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Malignant Melanoma ◽  
Diagnostic Accuracy ◽  
Serum Protein ◽  
Statistical Significance ◽  
Elevated Serum ◽  
Term Survival ◽  
18Fdg Pet ◽  
Pet Ct ◽  
Protein S100b

SummaryAim: To assess the diagnostic and prognostic value of FDG-PET/CT in the follow-up of malignant melanoma in comparison to the serum protein S100B. Patients and methods: A total of ninety patients with either low-risk or high-risk malignant melanoma, respectively, were included in this study. The followup of the patients was pursuant with the guidelines of the German Dermatological Association. The diagnostic accuracy and diagnostic power were determined for PET/CT and for the serum protein S100B. Results: In 28 of the 90 patients PET/CT was positive in the follow up, 47 patients had an elevated Serum S100B level. Sensitivity, specificity, PPV and NPV of PET/CT for the total groups of patients were 87%, 93%, 87% and 93%. The corresponding values for the serum protein S100B were 65%, 52%, 43% and 74%, respectively. PET/CT positive patients showed a significantly (p < 0.001) higher risk of melanoma associated death compared to patients with PET/CT negative findings. No statistical significance could be found in the 5 year survival rate between the S100B positive and S100B negative patients. Conclusion: PET/CT is suitable to confirm or exclude recurrences and can be used to assess the prognosis in melanoma patients. The diagnostic accuracy and the prognostic power is much higher compared to the serum protein S100B.

HIF1-α-Mediated Gene Expression Induced by Vitamin B1 Deficiency

2013 ◽  
Vol 83 (3) ◽  
pp. 188-197 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rebecca L. Sweet ◽  
Jason A. Zastre
Keyword(s):  
Gene Expression ◽  
Thiamine Deficiency ◽  
Glucose Transporter ◽  
Neuroblastoma Cell ◽  
Hypoxia Inducible Factor ◽  
Clinical Manifestations ◽  
Vitamin B1 ◽  
Low Oxygen ◽  
Glucose Transporter 1 ◽  
Metabolic Intermediates

It is well established that thiamine deficiency results in an excess of metabolic intermediates such as lactate and pyruvate, which is likely due to insufficient levels of cofactor for the function of thiamine-dependent enzymes. When in excess, both pyruvate and lactate can increase the stabilization of the hypoxia-inducible factor 1-alpha (HIF-1α) transcription factor, resulting in the trans-activation of HIF-1α regulated genes independent of low oxygen, termed pseudo-hypoxia. Therefore, the resulting dysfunction in cellular metabolism and accumulation of pyruvate and lactate during thiamine deficiency may facilitate a pseudo-hypoxic state. In order to investigate the possibility of a transcriptional relationship between hypoxia and thiamine deficiency, we measured alterations in metabolic intermediates, HIF-1α stabilization, and gene expression. We found an increase in intracellular pyruvate and extracellular lactate levels after thiamine deficiency exposure to the neuroblastoma cell line SK-N-BE. Similar to cells exposed to hypoxia, there was a corresponding increase in HIF-1α stabilization and activation of target gene expression during thiamine deficiency, including glucose transporter-1 (GLUT1), vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), and aldolase A. Both hypoxia and thiamine deficiency exposure resulted in an increase in the expression of the thiamine transporter SLC19A3. These results indicate thiamine deficiency induces HIF-1α-mediated gene expression similar to that observed in hypoxic stress, and may provide evidence for a central transcriptional response associated with the clinical manifestations of thiamine deficiency.

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