scholarly journals Identification of Tropical Plant Extracts That Extend Yeast Chronological Life Span

Cells ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (10) ◽  
pp. 2718
Author(s):  
Mandy Mun Yee Kwong ◽  
Jee Whu Lee ◽  
Mohammed Razip Samian ◽  
Habibah A. Wahab ◽  
Nobumoto Watanabe ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Life Span ◽  
Plant Extracts ◽  
Stress Resistance ◽  
Manihot Esculenta ◽  
Dependent Manner ◽  
Leaf Extracts ◽  
Cellular Processes ◽  
Tropical Plant ◽  
Chronological Life Span ◽  
Dose Dependent

Certain plant extracts (PEs) contain bioactive compounds that have antioxidant and lifespan-extending activities on organisms. These PEs play different roles in cellular processes, such as enhancing stress resistance and modulating longevity-defined signaling pathways that contribute to longevity. Here, we report the discovery of PEs that extended chronological life span (CLS) in budding yeast from a screen of 222 PEs. We identified two PEs, the leaf extracts of Manihot esculenta and Wodyetia bifurcata that extended CLS in a dose-dependent manner. The CLS-extending PEs also conferred oxidative stress tolerance, suggesting that these PEs might extend yeast CLS through the upregulation of stress response pathways.

SOD2 Functions Downstream of Sch9 to Extend Longevity in Yeast

Genetics ◽  
2003 ◽  
Vol 163 (1) ◽  
pp. 35-46 ◽  
Author(s):  
Paola Fabrizio ◽  
Lee-Loung Liou ◽  
Vanessa N Moy ◽  
Alberto Diaspro ◽  
Joan Selverstone Valentine ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Life Span ◽  
Stress Resistance ◽  
Reversible Inactivation ◽  
Life Span Extension ◽  
Resistance Proteins ◽  
Mitochondrial Superoxide ◽  
Mitochondrial Aconitase ◽  
Chronological Life Span ◽  
Survival Extension ◽  
Mitochondrial Superoxide Dismutase

Abstract Signal transduction pathways inactivated during periods of starvation are implicated in the regulation of longevity in organisms ranging from yeast to mammals, but the mechanisms responsible for life-span extension are poorly understood. Chronological life-span extension in S. cerevisiae cyr1 and sch9 mutants is mediated by the stress-resistance proteins Msn2/Msn4 and Rim15. Here we show that mitochondrial superoxide dismutase (Sod2) is required for survival extension in yeast. Deletion of SOD2 abolishes life-span extension in sch9Δ mutants and decreases survival in cyr1:mTn mutants. The overexpression of Sods—mitochondrial Sod2 and cytosolic CuZnSod (Sod1)—delays the age-dependent reversible inactivation of mitochondrial aconitase, a superoxide-sensitive enzyme, and extends survival by 30%. Deletion of the RAS2 gene, which functions upstream of CYR1, also doubles the mean life span by a mechanism that requires Msn2/4 and Sod2. These findings link mutations that extend chronological life span in S. cerevisiae to superoxide dismutases and suggest that the induction of other stress-resistance genes regulated by Msn2/4 and Rim15 is required for maximum longevity extension.

Alleviation of Simvastatin-Induced Myopathy in Rats by the Standardized Extract of Ginkgo Biloba (EGb761): Insights into the Mechanisms of Action

2019 ◽  
Vol 208 (3-4) ◽  
pp. 158-176
Author(s):  
Amany R. Mahmoud ◽  
Esam Omar Kamel ◽  
Marwa A. Ahmed ◽  
Esraa A. Ahmed ◽  
Tarek Hamdy Abd-Elhamid
Keyword(s):  
Ginkgo Biloba ◽  
Muscle Performance ◽  
Vehicle Group ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Dependent Manner ◽  
Histopathological Changes ◽  
Leaf Extracts ◽  
Muscle Changes ◽  
Dose Dependent ◽  
Antioxidant Effects

Statins are the most widely prescribed cholesterol-lowering drugs to reduce the risk of cardiovascular diseases. Statin-induced myopathy is the major side effect of this class of drugs. Here, we studied whether standardized leaf extracts of ginkgo biloba (EGb761) would improve simvastatin (SIM)-induced muscle changes. Sixty Wistar rats were allotted into six groups: control group, vehicle group receiving 0.5% carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC) for 30 days, SIM group receiving 80 mg/kg/day SIM in 0.5% CMC orally for 30 days, SIM withdrawal group treated with SIM for 16 days and sacrificed 14 days later, and EGb761-100 and EGb761-200 groups posttreated with either 100 or 200 mg/kg/day EGb761 orally. Muscle performance on the rotarod, serum creatine kinase (CK), coenzyme Q10 (CoQ10), serum and muscle nitrite, muscle malondialdehyde (MDA), superoxide dismutase (SOD), and catalase (CAT) activities were estimated. Additionally, muscle samples were processed for histopathological evaluation. We found that SIM decreased muscle performance on the rotarod, serum CoQ10, as well as muscle SOD and CAT activities while it increased serum CK, serum and muscle nitrite, as well as muscle MDA levels. SIM also induced sarcoplasmic vacuolation, splitting of myofibers, disorganization of sarcomeres, and disintegration of myofilaments. In contrast, posttreatment with EGb761 increased muscle performance, serum CoQ10, as well as muscle SOD and CAT activities while it reduced serum CK as well as serum and muscle nitrite levels in a dose-dependent manner. Additionally, EGb761 reversed SIM-induced histopathological changes with better results obtained by its higher dose. Interestingly, SIM withdrawal increased muscle performance on the rotarod, reduce serum CK and CoQ10, and reduced serum and muscle nitrite while it reversed SIM-induced histopathological changes. However, SIM withdrawal was not effective enough to restore their normal values. Additionally, SIM withdrawal did not improve SIM-induce muscle MDA, SOD, or CAT activities during the period studied. Our results suggest that EGb761 posttreatment reversed SIM-induces muscle changes possibly through its antioxidant effects, elevation of CoQ10 levels, and antagonizing mitochondrial damage.

scholarly journals Phytochemical Constituents and Comparative Antioxidative Effects of Some Medicinal Plants

2021 ◽  
pp. 121-133
Author(s):  
Abiodun Olusoji Owoade ◽  
Adewale Adetutu ◽  
Olufemi Ogundeji Ogundipe ◽  
Akinade William Owoade
Keyword(s):  
Plant Extracts ◽  
Chemical Constituents ◽  
Reducing Power ◽  
Antioxidant Compounds ◽  
Dependent Manner ◽  
Leaf Extracts ◽  
Experimental Conditions ◽  
Concentration Dependent Manner ◽  
Phytochemical Constituents

This study was carried out to compare the in-vitro antioxidant potentials, antidiabetic and phytochemical constituents of methanolic leaf extracts of Anthocleista djalonensis, Chrysophyllum albidium, Bauhinia thonningii, Daniellia oliveri, and Cola nitida. The results of this study show that all the plant extracts have strong antioxidant potentials against various radicals. The extracts scavenged DPPH and ABTS radicals, in a concentration-dependent manner and scavenged nitric oxide radicals with IC50 values of 152.39, 186.36, 213.40, 303.58 and 355.53 µg/ml for C. albidium, D. oliveri, C. nitida, A. djalonensis and B. thonningii, respectively. All the extracts also inhibited the induction of lipid peroxidation and α-amylase activity in a concentration-dependent manner, while the degree of ferric reducing power by the extracts was of the order C. albidium > D. oliveri > B. thonningii > C. nitida > A. djalonensis. Phytochemical and gas chromatography analyses carried out on the extracts revealed the presence of known chemical constituents. The amounts of total phenolics in A. djalonensis, C. albidium, B. thonningii, D. oliveri, and C. nitida were 68.39 mg/g, 95.11 mg/g, 61.03 mg/g, 103.74 mg/g, and 63.31 mg/g, respectively, in gallic acid equivalents. In all cell-free assays, C. albidium and D. oliveri, the two plants with higher amounts of phenolic compounds, were found to be more effective as antioxidants than other plant extracts with lower phenolic contents under the same experimental conditions. Therefore, the effectiveness of the antioxidant and antidiabetic activities of these plant extracts may be related to their phenolic content. The presence of phenolics and various antioxidant compounds in the plants may explain the strong pharmacological potentials of these plants.

scholarly journals Extracts ofCistanche deserticolaCan Antagonize Immunosenescence and Extend Life Span in Senescence-Accelerated Mouse Prone 8 (SAM-P8) Mice

2014 ◽  
Vol 2014 ◽  
pp. 1-14 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ke Zhang ◽  
Xu Ma ◽  
Wenjun He ◽  
Haixia Li ◽  
Shuyan Han ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
T Cells ◽  
Life Span ◽  
Dietary Supplementation ◽  
The Elderly ◽  
Dependent Manner ◽  
Cistanche Deserticola ◽  
Kaplan Meier ◽  
Extend Life Span ◽  
Dose Dependent ◽  
Senescence Accelerated Mouse

The senescence accelerated mouse prone 8 substrain (SAM-P8), widely accepted as an animal model for studying aging and antiaging drugs, was used to examine the effects of dietary supplementation with extracts ofCistanche deserticola(ECD) which has been used extensively in traditional Chinese medicine because of its perceived ability to promote immune function in the elderly. Eight-month-old male SAM-P8 mice were treated with ECD by daily oral administrations for 4 weeks. The results showed that dietary supplementation of 150 mg/kg and 450 mg/kg of ECD could extend the life span measured by Kaplan-Meier survival analysis in dose-dependent manner. Dietary supplementation of SAM-P8 mice for 4 weeks with 100, 500, and 2500 mg/kg of ECD was shown to result in significant increases in both naive T and natural killer cells in blood and spleen cell populations. In contrast, peripheral memory T cells and proinflammatory cytokine, IL-6 in serum, were substantially decreased in the mice that ingested 100 and 500 mg/kg of ECD daily. Additionally, Sca-1 positive cells, the recognized progenitors of peripheral naive T cells, were restored in parallel. Our results provide clear experimental support for long standing clinical observational studies showing thatCistanche deserticolapossesses significant effects in extending life span and suggest this is achieved by antagonizing immunosenescence.

scholarly journals Genotoxic effect of four medicinal plant extracts on Pisum sativum cv. Arikil

2014 ◽  
Vol 43 (1) ◽  
pp. 107-111 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sazada Siddiqui
Keyword(s):  
Pisum Sativum ◽  
Tectona Grandis ◽  
Time Dependent ◽  
Mutagenic Action ◽  
Dependent Manner ◽  
Leaf Extracts ◽  
Plant Model ◽  
Medicinal Plant Extracts ◽  
Dose Dependent ◽  
Tectona Grandis L.F

The leaf extracts from four medicinal plants viz., Azadirachta indica A. Juss., Tectona grandis L.f., Dalbergia sissoo Roxb. and Eucalyptus tereticornis J.E. Smith were evaluated using Pisum sativum (Linn.) reduced mitotic index in a dose-dependent manner. The percentage of increasing abnormal mitotic plates was also concentration and time dependent. Commonly observed abnormalities were c-mitosis, laggard, bridges, stickiness, precocious separation, vagrant and fragments. The results indicate that commonly used aqueous leaf extracts of above plants has significant mutagenic action on plant model P. sativum var. Arikil. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/bjb.v43i1.19760 Bangladesh J. Bot. 43(1): 107-111, 2014 (June)

scholarly journals Level of M(IP)2C sphingolipid affects plant defensin sensitivity, oxidative stress resistance and chronological life-span in yeast

FEBS Letters ◽  
2006 ◽  
Vol 580 (7) ◽  
pp. 1903-1907 ◽  
Author(s):  
An M. Aerts ◽  
Isabelle E.J.A. François ◽  
Leen Bammens ◽  
Bruno P.A. Cammue ◽  
Bart Smets ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Life Span ◽  
Stress Resistance ◽  
Plant Defensin ◽  
Oxidative Stress Resistance ◽  
Chronological Life Span

scholarly journals Glutathione levels influence chronological life span of Saccharomyces cerevisiae in a glucose-dependent manner

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mayra Fabiola Tello-Padilla ◽  
Alejandra Yudid Perez-Gonzalez ◽  
Melina Canizal-García ◽  
Juan Carlos González-Hernández ◽  
Christian Cortes-Rojo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Saccharomyces Cerevisiae ◽  
Life Span ◽  
Dietary Restriction ◽  
Aging Process ◽  
Chemical Species ◽  
Ros Generation ◽  
Dependent Manner ◽  
Transport Chain ◽  
Chronological Life Span ◽  
Glucose Restriction

AbstractDiet plays a key role in determining the longevity of the organisms since it has been demonstrated that glucose restriction increases lifespan whereas a high-glucose diet decreases it. However, the molecular basis of how diet leads to the aging process is currently unknown. We propose that the quantity of glucose that fuels respiration influences ROS generation and glutathione levels, and both chemical species impact in the aging process. Herein, we provide evidence that mutation of the gene GSH1 diminishes glutathione levels. Moreover, glutathione levels were higher with 0.5% than in 10% glucose in the gsh1Δ and WT strains. Interestingly, the chronological life span (CLS) was lowered in the gsh1Δ strain cultured with 10% glucose but not under dietary restriction. The gsh1Δ strain also showed an inhibition of the mitochondrial respiration in 0.5 and 10% of glucose but only increased the H2O2 levels under dietary restriction. These results correlate well with the GSH/GSSG ratio, which showed a decrease in gsh1Δ strain cultured with 0.5% glucose. Altogether these data indicate that glutathione has a major role in the function of electron transport chain (ETC) and is essential to maintain life span of Saccharomyces cerevisiae in 10% glucose.

scholarly journals An investigation of bioactive and free radical scavenging potential of moringa Oliefera leaf extracts

2019 ◽  
Vol 10 (3) ◽  
pp. 1575-1579
Author(s):  
Uzma Sayyed ◽  
Pratibha Pandey ◽  
Rohit K. Tiwari ◽  
Rafia Shekh ◽  
Preeti Bajpai
Keyword(s):  
Methanolic Extract ◽  
Inflammatory Diseases ◽  
Radical Scavenging ◽  
Morphological Characteristics ◽  
Dependent Manner ◽  
Leaf Extracts ◽  
Ic50 Value ◽  
Percentage Yield ◽  
Antioxidant Potency ◽  
Dose Dependent

Moringa oleifera Lam, commonly known as Sehjan belongs to the Moringaceae family. It is widely used for the treatment of infectious and inflammatory diseases. This study was an attempt to evaluate the morphological characteristics, percent yield, the bioactive and antioxidant potential of M. oleifera leaves that would help in elucidating a promising therapeutic and curative agent for the treatment of different ailments. The maximum percentage yield was obtained in methanolic extract (29.55%) of M. oliefera leaves. Qualitative analysis also revealed the maximum presence of all the metabolites in methanolic extract. Quantitative analysis revealed an appreciable presence of phenol (53.1 mg/g) flavonoids (47.7mg/g) and carotenoids (16.46 mg/g) in M. oleifera leaves. The methanolic extract had shown the maximum antioxidant potency in a dose-dependent manner during the evaluation of enzymatic (SOD and CAT) and nonenzymatic (DPPH and FRAP) antioxidants with minimum IC50 value. Thus, it could be concluded from the present study that methanolic leaf extract of M. oliefera could be amongst the principle extract for the antioxidant activity of M. oliefera, which could be used for the treatment of several ailments.

scholarly journals Therapeutic Effects of Aqueous and Ethanolic Extracts of Phyllanthus amarus on 1, 2 Dimethylhydrazine Induced Colon Carcinogenesis in Balb/C Mice

2020 ◽  
pp. 36-43
Author(s):  
F. O. Omoregie ◽  
G. E. Eriyamremu ◽  
Suman Kapur
Keyword(s):  
Colon Cancer ◽  
Body Weight ◽  
Aqueous Extract ◽  
Plant Extracts ◽  
Ethanolic Extract ◽  
Therapeutic Effects ◽  
Dependent Manner ◽  
Phyllanthus Amarus ◽  
Traditional Use ◽  
Dose Dependent

Context: Phyllanthus amarus is traditionally used for various infections, inflammation and cancer. 1,2 Dimethylhydrazine is a potent colon cancer inducer in animals. Objective: The present study investigated the effects of aqueous and ethanolic extract of Phyllanthus amarus on 1, 2 Dimethylhydrazine induced colon cancer in BALB/c Mice. Materials and Methods: 30 female Balb/C Mice of weight 18-30 g were acclimatized for a week and randomized into 6 groups (5 per group). Group A (-DMH), Group B (+DMH), Group C (DMH+250 mg/kg body weight of ethanolic extract of P. amarus), Group D (DMH+350 mg/kg body weight of ethanolic of P. amarus), Group E (DMH + 250 mg/kg body weight of aqueous extract of P. amarus), Group F (DMH+ 350 mg/kg body weight of aqueous extract of P. amarus). 20 mg/kg body weight of DMH was administered orally for 21 days (twice a week). The plant extracts were administered daily for 3 weeks with the aid of a gavage immediately after colon cancer induction. Colon cancer was evaluated by the formation of Aberrant Cryptic Foci in the colon of DMH treated mice. Results: Administration of the plant extracts (aqueous and ethanolic) ameliorated the carcinogenic effect of DMH in the colon of DMH treated mice in a dose dependent manner by significantly reducing the number of Aberrant Cryptic Foci formed in extract treated mice by 38% for 350 mg/kg body of ethanolic extract and by 22% for 350 mg/kg body of aqueous extract of Phyllanthus amarus. Conclusion: The studied extracts had ameliorative potential on DMH induced colon cancer in Balb/C mice in a dose dependent manner providing evidence for the traditional use of this herb for treatment/prevention of cancer. Notably, 350 mg/kg body of both extracts showed better reduction of Aberrant Cryptic Foci compared to 250 mg/kg body of both ethanolic and aqueous extracts of Phyllanthus amarus.

scholarly journals Nicotinamide N-methyltransferase catalyses the N-methylation of the endogenous β-carboline norharman: evidence for a novel detoxification pathway

2016 ◽  
Vol 473 (19) ◽  
pp. 3253-3267 ◽  
Author(s):  
Martin G. Thomas ◽  
Davide Sartini ◽  
Monica Emanuelli ◽  
Matthijs J. van Haren ◽  
Nathaniel I. Martin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cell Viability ◽  
Dependent Manner ◽  
Methyltransferase Activity ◽  
Cellular Processes ◽  
Specificity Constant ◽  
Expression Model ◽  
Dose Dependent ◽  
Detoxification Pathway ◽  
Time Point

Nicotinamide N-methyltransferase (NNMT) is responsible for the N-methylation of nicotinamide to 1-methylnicotinamide. Our recent studies have demonstrated that NNMT regulates cellular processes fundamental to the correct functioning and survival of the cell. It has been proposed that NNMT may possess β-carboline (BC) N-methyltransferase activity, endogenously and exogenously produced pyridine-containing compounds which, when N-methylated, are potent inhibitors of Complex I and have been proposed to have a role in the pathogenesis of Parkinson's disease. We have investigated the ability of recombinant NNMT to N-methylate norharman (NH) to 2-N-methylnorharman (MeNH). In addition, we have investigated the toxicity of the BC NH, its precursor 1,2,3,4-tetrahydronorharman (THNH) and its N-methylated metabolite MeNH, using our in vitro SH-SY5Y NNMT expression model. Recombinant NNMT demonstrated NH 2N-methyltransferase activity, with a Km of 90 ± 20 µM, a kcat of 3 × 10−4 ± 2 × 10−5 s−1 and a specificity constant (kcat/Km) of 3 ± 1 s−1 M−1. THNH was the least toxic of all three compounds investigated, whereas NH demonstrated the greatest, with no difference observed in terms of cell viability and cell death between NNMT-expressing and non-expressing cells. In NNMT-expressing cells, MeNH increased cell viability and cellular ATP concentration in a dose-dependent manner after 72 and 120 h incubation, an effect that was not observed after 24 h incubation or in non-NNNT-expressing cells at any time point. Taken together, these results suggest that NNMT may be a detoxification pathway for BCs such as NH.

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