scholarly journals MicroRNAs in the Onset of Schizophrenia

Cells ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (10) ◽  
pp. 2679
Author(s):  
Kristen T. Thomas ◽  
Stanislav S. Zakharenko
Keyword(s):  
Age Of Onset ◽  
Neurodevelopmental Disorder ◽  
Early Adulthood ◽  
Nucleotide Polymorphism ◽  
Single Nucleotide ◽  
Risk Genes ◽  
Small Noncoding Rnas ◽  
Complementary Sequences ◽  
Mirna Pathway ◽  
The Many

Mounting evidence implicates microRNAs (miRNAs) in the pathology of schizophrenia. These small noncoding RNAs bind to mRNAs containing complementary sequences and promote their degradation and/or inhibit protein synthesis. A single miRNA may have hundreds of targets, and miRNA targets are overrepresented among schizophrenia-risk genes. Although schizophrenia is a neurodevelopmental disorder, symptoms usually do not appear until adolescence, and most patients do not receive a schizophrenia diagnosis until late adolescence or early adulthood. However, few studies have examined miRNAs during this critical period. First, we examine evidence that the miRNA pathway is dynamic throughout adolescence and adulthood and that miRNAs regulate processes critical to late neurodevelopment that are aberrant in patients with schizophrenia. Next, we examine evidence implicating miRNAs in the conversion to psychosis, including a schizophrenia-associated single nucleotide polymorphism in MIR137HG that is among the strongest known predictors of age of onset in patients with schizophrenia. Finally, we examine how hemizygosity for DGCR8, which encodes an obligate component of the complex that synthesizes miRNA precursors, may contribute to the onset of psychosis in patients with 22q11.2 microdeletions and how animal models of this disorder can help us understand the many roles of miRNAs in the onset of schizophrenia.

The role of a single nucleotide polymorphism of MDM2 in glioblastoma multiforme

2008 ◽  
Vol 109 (5) ◽  
pp. 842-848 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rina G. Khatri ◽  
Kapila Navaratne ◽  
Robert J. Weil
Keyword(s):  
Single Nucleotide Polymorphism ◽  
Glioblastoma Multiforme ◽  
Age Of Onset ◽  
Polymerase Chain Reaction Analysis ◽  
Genetic Alterations ◽  
Primary Brain Tumor ◽  
Healthy Controls ◽  
Wild Type ◽  
Nucleotide Polymorphism ◽  
Single Nucleotide

Object Glioblastoma multiforme (GBM) is the most common primary brain tumor in adults, with a 5-year survival rate of < 5%. Aberrant function of TP53 is common in GBM. Although mutational inactivation of p53 is found in many cases, there remain tumors in which genetic alterations of p53 are absent. Negative regulators of the TP53 pathway such as MDM2, which directly inhibits TP53 expression and activity, may influence the pathogenesis of GBM. To understand its potential function in gliomagenesis, the authors analyzed a novel single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) in the MDM2 promoter that enhances MDM2 expression. Methods The investigators isolated DNA from 98 patients with GBM and 102 healthy, cancer-free controls. A polymerase chain reaction analysis was performed to determine the MDM2 SNP309 genotype by using distinct primer pairs for the wild-type (T) and mutant (G) alleles. Results The frequency of the mutant MDM2 polymorphism was found to be higher (p = 0.0092) in patients with GBM (54.6%) compared with healthy controls (41.2%); the TT and GG genotypes were more common in healthy controls and patients with GBM (p = 0.0004 and p = 0.02, respectively). Although there was no association between the MDM2 SNP309 and overall survival, the GG genotype was associated with development of GBM at a younger age in patients with tumors harboring wild-type p53, which may mitigate the effect of the MDM2 SNP. Conclusions Although the MDM2 SNP309 does not portend decreased survival, the increased incidence of the mutant G allele in patients with GBM and its influence on age of onset suggest a potential role in the molecular pathogenesis of GBM, and may be a therapeutic target.

A single nucleotide polymorphism in SLC1A1 gene is associated with age of onset of obsessive-compulsive disorder

2014 ◽  
Vol 29 (5) ◽  
pp. 301-303 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. Dallaspezia ◽  
M. Mazza ◽  
C. Lorenzi ◽  
F. Benedetti ◽  
E. Smeraldi
Keyword(s):  
Gene Expression ◽  
Single Nucleotide Polymorphism ◽  
Obsessive Compulsive Disorder ◽  
Age Of Onset ◽  
Age At Onset ◽  
Functional Polymorphism ◽  
Nucleotide Polymorphism ◽  
Obsessive Compulsive ◽  
Single Nucleotide ◽  
Compulsive Disorder

AbstractDifferent genetic polymorphisms in the SLC1A1 have been shown to be associated with obsessive-compulsive disorder. Rs301430 is a T/C functional polymorphism affecting the gene expression and extrasynaptic glutamate concentration.We observed that Rs301430 influence age at onset in obsessive-compulsive disorder.

Gender-dependent and age-of-onset-specific association of the rs11675434 single-nucleotide polymorphism near TPO with susceptibility to Graves’ ophthalmopathy

2016 ◽  
Vol 62 (3) ◽  
pp. 373-377 ◽  
Author(s):  
Aleksander Kuś ◽  
Konrad Szymański ◽  
Beata Jurecka-Lubieniecka ◽  
Edyta Pawlak-Adamska ◽  
Dorota Kula ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Single Nucleotide Polymorphism ◽  
Age Of Onset ◽  
Nucleotide Polymorphism ◽  
Single Nucleotide ◽  
Graves Ophthalmopathy ◽  
Specific Association
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