scholarly journals Cauliflower mosaic virus P6 Dysfunctions Histone Deacetylase HD2C to Promote Virus Infection

Cells ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (9) ◽  
pp. 2278
Author(s):  
Shun Li ◽  
Shanwu Lyu ◽  
Yujuan Liu ◽  
Ming Luo ◽  
Suhua Shi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Histone Acetylation ◽  
Mosaic Virus ◽  
Histone Deacetylase ◽  
Plant Development ◽  
Stress Responses ◽  
Biotic Stress ◽  
Histone Deacetylases ◽  
Cauliflower Mosaic Virus ◽  
Physical Interaction ◽  
Epigenetic Modifiers

Histone deacetylases (HDACs) are vital epigenetic modifiers not only in regulating plant development but also in abiotic- and biotic-stress responses. Though to date, the functions of HD2C—an HD2-type HDAC—In plant development and abiotic stress have been intensively explored, its function in biotic stress remains unknown. In this study, we have identified HD2C as an interaction partner of the Cauliflower mosaic virus (CaMV) P6 protein. It functions as a positive regulator in defending against CaMV infection. The hd2c mutants show enhanced susceptibility to CaMV infection. In support, the accumulation of viral DNA, viral transcripts, and the deposition of histone acetylation on the viral minichromosomes are increased in hd2c mutants. P6 interferes with the interaction between HD2C and HDA6, and P6 overexpression lines have similar phenotypes with hd2c mutants. In further investigations, P6 overexpression lines, together with CaMV infection plants, are more sensitive to ABA and NaCl with a concomitant increasing expression of ABA/NaCl-regulated genes. Moreover, the global levels of histone acetylation are increased in P6 overexpression lines and CaMV infection plants. Collectively, our results suggest that P6 dysfunctions histone deacetylase HD2C by physical interaction to promote CaMV infection.

scholarly journals Epigenetic Metabolite Acetate Inhibits Class I/II Histone Deacetylases, Promotes Histone Acetylation, and Increases HIV-1 Integration in CD4+ T Cells

2017 ◽  
Vol 91 (16) ◽  
Author(s):  
Jean-François Bolduc ◽  
Laurent Hany ◽  
Corinne Barat ◽  
Michel Ouellet ◽  
Michel J. Tremblay
Keyword(s):  
T Cells ◽  
Histone Acetylation ◽  
Disease Progression ◽  
Histone Deacetylase ◽  
Histone Deacetylases ◽  
Short Chain Fatty Acids ◽  
Short Chain ◽  
Class I ◽  
Hdac Activity ◽  
Hiv 1

ABSTRACT In this study, we investigated the effect of acetate, the most concentrated short-chain fatty acid (SCFA) in the gut and bloodstream, on the susceptibility of primary human CD4+ T cells to HIV-1 infection. We report that HIV-1 replication is increased in CD3/CD28-costimulated CD4+ T cells upon acetate treatment. This enhancing effect correlates with increased expression of the early activation marker CD69 and impaired class I/II histone deacetylase (HDAC) activity. In addition, acetate enhances acetylation of histones H3 and H4 and augments HIV-1 integration into the genome of CD4+ T cells. Thus, we propose that upon antigen presentation, acetate influences class I/II HDAC activity that transforms condensed chromatin into a more relaxed structure. This event leads to a higher level of viral integration and enhanced HIV-1 production. In line with previous studies showing reactivation of latent HIV-1 by SCFAs, we provide evidence that acetate can also increase the susceptibility of primary human CD4+ T cells to productive HIV-1 infection. IMPORTANCE Alterations in the fecal microbiota and intestinal epithelial damage involved in the gastrointestinal disorder associated with HIV-1 infection result in microbial translocation that leads to disease progression and virus-related comorbidities. Indeed, notably via production of short-chain fatty acids, bacteria migrating from the lumen to the intestinal mucosa could influence HIV-1 replication by epigenetic regulatory mechanisms, such as histone acetylation. We demonstrate that acetate enhances virus production in primary human CD4+ T cells. Moreover, we report that acetate impairs class I/II histone deacetylase activity and increases integration of HIV-1 DNA into the host genome. Therefore, it can be postulated that bacterial metabolites such as acetate modulate HIV-1-mediated disease progression.

scholarly journals Depressive-Like Behaviors Induced by Chronic Social Defeat Stress Are Associated With HDAC7 Reduction in the Nucleus Accumbens

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 ◽  
Author(s):  
Weijun Qian ◽  
Chao Yu ◽  
Shuai Wang ◽  
Aijun Niu ◽  
Guangyan Shi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Nucleus Accumbens ◽  
Histone Acetylation ◽  
Histone Deacetylase ◽  
Histone Deacetylases ◽  
Social Defeat ◽  
Social Avoidance ◽  
Social Defeat Stress ◽  
Persistent Symptoms ◽  
Promising Therapeutic Target ◽  
Chronic Social Defeat Stress

Persistent symptoms of depression indicate the adaptive involvement of stable molecules in the brain that may be manifested at the level of chromatin remodeling, such as histone acetylation. Former studies have identified alterations in histone acetylation and deacetylation in several animal models about depression. However, the specific histone deacetylases related with depression are needed to be explored. Here, social avoidance behaviors, anxiety-, and depression-like behaviors were all found in mice suffered from chronic social defeat stress. Moreover, we also discovered that the amount of the class II histone deacetylase, HDAC7 rather than HDAC2, was significantly decreased in the nucleus accumbens of defeated mice, which suggested that HDAC7 might be a crucial histone deacetylase in a chronic social defeat stress model. Our data showed that the depressive-like behaviors induced by chronic social defeat stress were associated with HDAC7 reduction in nucleus accumbens. HDAC7 might be a promising therapeutic target for depression.

Histone acetylation/deacetylation in Candida albicans and their potential as antifungal targets

2020 ◽  
Vol 15 (11) ◽  
pp. 1075-1090
Author(s):  
Shan Su ◽  
Xiuyun Li ◽  
Xinmei Yang ◽  
Yiman Li ◽  
Xueqi Chen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Drug Resistance ◽  
Candida Albicans ◽  
Histone Acetylation ◽  
Stress Responses ◽  
Histone Deacetylases ◽  
Fungal Pathogen ◽  
Antifungal Agents ◽  
Fungal Infections ◽  
Histone Acetyltransferases ◽  
Opportunistic Fungal Pathogen

Recently, the incidence of invasive fungal infections has significantly increased. Candida albicans (C. albicans) is the most common opportunistic fungal pathogen that infects humans. The limited number of available antifungal agents and the emergence of drug resistance pose difficulties to treatment, thus new antifungals are urgently needed. Through their functions in DNA replication, DNA repair and transcription, histone acetyltransferases (HATs) and histone deacetylases (HDACs) perform essential functions relating to growth, virulence, drug resistance and stress responses of C. albicans. Here, we summarize the physiological and pathological functions of HATs/HDACs, potential antifungal targets and underlying antifungal compounds that impact histone acetylation and deacetylation. We anticipate this review will stimulate the identification of new HAT/HDAC-related antifungal targets and antifungal agents.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document