scholarly journals Establishment of Pancreatobiliary Cancer Zebrafish Avatars for Chemotherapy Screening

Cells ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (8) ◽  
pp. 2077
Author(s):  
Mariana Tavares Barroso ◽  
Bruna Costa ◽  
Cátia Rebelo de Almeida ◽  
Mireia Castillo Martin ◽  
Nuno Couto ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Single Cell ◽  
Systemic Chemotherapy ◽  
Biliary Tree ◽  
Short Report ◽  
Preclinical Studies ◽  
Pancreatic Cancer Cells ◽  
In Vitro Expansion ◽  
Therapy Option ◽  
Potential Use

Background: Cancers of the pancreas and biliary tree remain one of the most aggressive oncological malignancies, with most patients relying on systemic chemotherapy. However, effective biomarkers to predict the best therapy option for each patient are still lacking. In this context, an assay able to evaluate individual responses prior to treatment would be of great value for clinical decisions. Here we aimed to develop such a model using zebrafish xenografts to directly challenge pancreatic cancer cells to the available chemotherapies. Methods: Zebrafish xenografts were generated from a Panc-1 cell line to optimize the pancreatic setting. Pancreatic surgical resected samples, without in vitro expansion, were used to establish zebrafish patient-derived xenografts (zAvatars). Upon chemotherapy exposure, zAvatars were analyzed by single-cell confocal microscopy. Results: We show that Panc-1 zebrafish xenografts are able to reveal tumor responses to both FOLFIRINOX and gemcitabine plus nanoparticle albumin-bound (nab)-paclitaxel in just 4 days. Moreover, we established pancreatic and ampullary zAvatars with patient-derived tumors representative of different histological types. Conclusion: Altogether, we provide a short report showing the feasibility of generating and analyzing with single-cell resolution zAvatars from pancreatic and ampullary cancers, with potential use for future preclinical studies and personalized treatment.

Rhenium-188 Labeled Hydroxyapatite and Rhenium-188 Sulfur Colloid

1997 ◽  
Vol 36 (02) ◽  
pp. 71-75 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. Glatz ◽  
S. N. Reske ◽  
K. G. Grillenberger
Keyword(s):  
Synovial Fluid ◽  
Ph Value ◽  
Surgical Removal ◽  
Radiation Synovectomy ◽  
Sulfur Colloid ◽  
Target Organs ◽  
Aseptic Conditions ◽  
In Vitro Stability ◽  
Potential Use

Summary Aim: One therapeutic approach to rheumatoid arthritis and other inflammatory arthropathies besides surgical removal of inflamed synovium is radiation synovectomy using beta-emitting radionuclides to destroy the affected synovial tissue. Up to now the major problem associated with the use of labeled particles or colloids has been considerable leakage of radionuclides from the injected joint coupled with high radiation doses to liver and other non target organs. In this study we compared 188Re labeled hydroxyapatite particles and 188Re rhenium sulfur colloid for their potential use in radiation synovectomy. Methods: To this end we varied the labeling conditions (concentrations, pH-value, heating procedure) and analyzed the labeling yield, radiochemical purity, and in vitro stability of the resulting radiopharmaceutical. Results: After optimizing labeling conditions we achieved a labeling yield of more than 80% for 188Re hydroxyapatite and more than 90% for the rhenium sulfur colloid. Both of the radiopharmaceuticals can be prepared under aseptic conditions using an autoclav for heating without loss of activity. In vitro stability studies using various challenge solutions (water, normal saline, diluted synovial fluid) showed that 188Re labeled hydroxyapatite particles lost about 80% of their activity within 5 d in synovial fluid. Rhenium sulfur colloid on the other hand proved to be very stable with a remaining activity of more than 93% after 5 d in diluted synovial fluid. Conclusion: These in vitro results suggest that 188Re labeled rhenium sulfur colloid expects to be more suitable for therapeutic use in radiation synovectomy than the labeled hydroxyapatite particles.

In Vitro and In Vivo Antitumor Efficacy of Docetaxel and Sorafenib Combination in Human Pancreatic Cancer Cells

2010 ◽  
Vol 999 (999) ◽  
pp. 1-11
Author(s):  
P. Ulivi ◽  
C. Arienti ◽  
W. Zoli ◽  
M. Scarsella ◽  
S. Carloni ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Pancreatic Cancer ◽  
Cancer Cells ◽  
Antitumor Efficacy ◽  
Human Pancreatic Cancer ◽  
Pancreatic Cancer Cells

scholarly journals In VitroActivities of Hexaazatrinaphthylenes against Leishmania spp.

2015 ◽  
Vol 59 (5) ◽  
pp. 2867-2874 ◽  
Author(s):  
Atteneri López-Arencibia ◽  
Daniel García-Velázquez ◽  
Carmen M. Martín-Navarro ◽  
Ines Sifaoui ◽  
María Reyes-Batlle ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Therapeutic Agents ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Inhibition Effect ◽  
Intracellular Amastigotes ◽  
Dependent Inhibition ◽  
Leishmania Spp ◽  
Dose Dependent Inhibition ◽  
Dose Dependent ◽  
Potential Use

ABSTRACTThein vitroactivity of a novel group of compounds, hexaazatrinaphthylene derivatives, against two species ofLeishmaniais described in this study. These compounds showed a significant dose-dependent inhibition effect on the proliferation of the parasites, with 50% inhibitory concentrations (IC50s) ranging from 1.23 to 25.05 μM against the promastigote stage and 0.5 to 0.7 μM against intracellular amastigotes. Also, a cytotoxicity assay was carried out to in order to evaluate the possible toxic effects of these compounds. Moreover, different assays were performed to determine the type of cell death induced after incubation with these compounds. The obtained results highlight the potential use of hexaazatrinaphthylene derivatives againstLeishmaniaspecies, and further studies should be undertaken to establish them as novel leishmanicidal therapeutic agents.

Immunocartography: Charting vaccine-driven immunity by applying single cell proteomics to an in vitro human model

2021 ◽  
pp. 113083
Author(s):  
Jessica S. Duprez ◽  
Michael Cohen ◽  
Stephen Li ◽  
Derek Wilson ◽  
Roger H. Brookes ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Single Cell ◽  
Human Model

scholarly journals Long‐term in vitro expansion ensures increased yield of central memory T cells as perspective for manufacturing challenges

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Stefanie Herda ◽  
Andreas Heimann ◽  
Benedikt Obermayer ◽  
Elisa Ciraolo ◽  
Stefanie Althoff ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
T Cells ◽  
Memory T Cells ◽  
Central Memory ◽  
Central Memory T Cells ◽  
In Vitro Expansion

scholarly journals Single-cell RNA sequencing reveals ex vivo signatures of SARS-CoV-2-reactive T cells through ‘reverse phenotyping’

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
David S. Fischer ◽  
Meshal Ansari ◽  
Karolin I. Wagner ◽  
Sebastian Jarosch ◽  
Yiqi Huang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
T Cells ◽  
Single Cell ◽  
Rna Sequencing ◽  
Ex Vivo ◽  
Severe Disease ◽  
Human Leukocyte ◽  
Cell Receptor ◽  
Single Cell Rna Sequencing

AbstractThe in vivo phenotypic profile of T cells reactive to severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS)-CoV-2 antigens remains poorly understood. Conventional methods to detect antigen-reactive T cells require in vitro antigenic re-stimulation or highly individualized peptide-human leukocyte antigen (pHLA) multimers. Here, we use single-cell RNA sequencing to identify and profile SARS-CoV-2-reactive T cells from Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) patients. To do so, we induce transcriptional shifts by antigenic stimulation in vitro and take advantage of natural T cell receptor (TCR) sequences of clonally expanded T cells as barcodes for ‘reverse phenotyping’. This allows identification of SARS-CoV-2-reactive TCRs and reveals phenotypic effects introduced by antigen-specific stimulation. We characterize transcriptional signatures of currently and previously activated SARS-CoV-2-reactive T cells, and show correspondence with phenotypes of T cells from the respiratory tract of patients with severe disease in the presence or absence of virus in independent cohorts. Reverse phenotyping is a powerful tool to provide an integrated insight into cellular states of SARS-CoV-2-reactive T cells across tissues and activation states.

scholarly journals Bioengineered in vitro skeletal muscles as new tools for muscular dystrophies preclinical studies

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 ◽  
pp. 204173142098133
Author(s):  
Juan M. Fernández-Costa ◽  
Xiomara Fernández-Garibay ◽  
Ferran Velasco-Mallorquí ◽  
Javier Ramón-Azcón
Keyword(s):  
Skeletal Muscle ◽  
Tissue Engineering ◽  
Electrical Stimulation ◽  
Skeletal Muscles ◽  
Screening Tools ◽  
Muscular Dystrophies ◽  
Preclinical Studies ◽  
Technological Advances ◽  
Topographical Cues

Muscular dystrophies are a group of highly disabling disorders that share degenerative muscle weakness and wasting as common symptoms. To date, there is not an effective cure for these diseases. In the last years, bioengineered tissues have emerged as powerful tools for preclinical studies. In this review, we summarize the recent technological advances in skeletal muscle tissue engineering. We identify several ground-breaking techniques to fabricate in vitro bioartificial muscles. Accumulating evidence shows that scaffold-based tissue engineering provides topographical cues that enhance the viability and maturation of skeletal muscle. Functional bioartificial muscles have been developed using human myoblasts. These tissues accurately responded to electrical and biological stimulation. Moreover, advanced drug screening tools can be fabricated integrating these tissues in electrical stimulation platforms. However, more work introducing patient-derived cells and integrating these tissues in microdevices is needed to promote the clinical translation of bioengineered skeletal muscle as preclinical tools for muscular dystrophies.

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