scholarly journals Stem Cells and Extrusion 3D Printing for Hyaline Cartilage Engineering

Cells ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
pp. 2
Author(s):  
Océane Messaoudi ◽  
Christel Henrionnet ◽  
Kevin Bourge ◽  
Damien Loeuille ◽  
Pierre Gillet ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Tissue Engineering ◽  
Stem Cells ◽  
3D Printing ◽  
Hyaline Cartilage ◽  
Cartilage Tissue Engineering ◽  
Cartilage Tissue ◽  
Layer By Layer ◽  
Self Healing ◽  
Differentiation Potential ◽  
Promising Alternative

Hyaline cartilage is deficient in self-healing properties. The early treatment of focal cartilage lesions is a public health challenge to prevent long-term degradation and the occurrence of osteoarthritis. Cartilage tissue engineering represents a promising alternative to the current insufficient surgical solutions. 3D printing is a thriving technology and offers new possibilities for personalized regenerative medicine. Extrusion-based processes permit the deposition of cell-seeded bioinks, in a layer-by-layer manner, allowing mimicry of the native zonal organization of hyaline cartilage. Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) are a promising cell source for cartilage tissue engineering. Originally isolated from bone marrow, they can now be derived from many different cell sources (e.g., synovium, dental pulp, Wharton’s jelly). Their proliferation and differentiation potential are well characterized, and they possess good chondrogenic potential, making them appropriate candidates for cartilage reconstruction. This review summarizes the different sources, origins, and densities of MSCs used in extrusion-based bioprinting (EBB) processes, as alternatives to chondrocytes. The different bioink constituents and their advantages for producing substitutes mimicking healthy hyaline cartilage is also discussed.

192 BEHAVIOR OF PORCINE MESENCHYMAL STEM CELLS ON A COLLAGEN-GLYCOSAMINOGLYCAN HYDROGEL SCAFFOLD FOR BONE AND CARTILAGE TISSUE ENGINEERING

2017 ◽  
Vol 29 (1) ◽  
pp. 205 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. A. Womack ◽  
D. J. Milner ◽  
D. W. Weisgerber ◽  
B. A. C. Harley ◽  
M. B. Wheeler
Keyword(s):  
Tissue Engineering ◽  
Stem Cells ◽  
Mesenchymal Stem Cells ◽  
Cell Density ◽  
Cartilage Tissue Engineering ◽  
Cartilage Tissue ◽  
Differentiation Potential ◽  
Static Culture ◽  
A Cell ◽  
And Cartilage

The pig is an ideal species for use in tissue engineering studies of bone and cartilage defect repair. Novel collagen-glycosaminoglycan hydrogel (CG) scaffolds have shown promise for supporting bone and cartilage growth from mesenchymal stem cells. In order to determine the suitability of these scaffolds for use in porcine models for bone and cartilage tissue engineering, we have begun to investigate the behaviour of porcine mesenchymal stem cells on this material. The purpose of this study was to determine if mesenchymal stem cells from fat (ASC) or bone marrow (BMSC) displayed better adherence and penetration into the CG scaffold material. The BMSC and ASC isolated from young adult Yorkshire pigs were cultured in DMEM with 10% fetal bovine serum. The ASC and BMSC were then trypsinized and used to seed ~3 mm diameter CG scaffolds with 140,000 cells/scaffold. Scaffolds were then cultured for 10 days by 3 different methods: roller culture, free-floating non-adherent dishes (floating), or attached to tissue culture-treated dishes (static). At the conclusion of the incubation period, the scaffold pieces were then fixed with 4% paraformaldehyde, embedded for cryosectioning, and sliced into 10 µm cryosections. Sections were stained for vimentin and 4’,6-diamidino-2-phenylindole (DAPI) to label cells. Stained sections were observed on a Leica DMB4200 microscope (Leica Microsystems, Wetzlar, Germany) and images acquired using ImagePro Plus software (Media Cybernetics Inc., Rockville, MD, USA). The DAPI-stained cells were counted to determine cell density and expressed as average number of nuclei per millimeter squared for each cell and culture type. Data were analysed by ANOVA utilising a post hoc Holm multiple comparison analysis. Samples from roller cultures did not display adhered cells for either BMSC or ASC. In contrast, floating and static culture allowed both ASC and BMSC to adhere to the scaffold and migrate to the centre of the scaffold equally well. However, significant differences in cell densities were noted between ASC and BMSC on CG scaffolds, with BMSC growing to higher densities than ASC in both floating and static culture. For floating cultures, BMSC-loaded scaffolds exhibited a cell density of 105.7 compared with 53.3 cells/mm2 for ASC (n = 4; P < 0.05). For static cultures, BMSC-loaded scaffolds exhibited a cell density of 128.3 compared with 36.8 cells/mm2 for ASC-loaded samples (n = 3; P < 0.01). Thus, BMSC grow to greater densities more rapidly than ASC and may be more efficient for use in forming bone and cartilage on these scaffolds. Current experiments underway will compare osteogenic and chondrogenic differentiation potential of ASC and BMSC on CG scaffolds, and will attempt to engineer osteochondral interface tissue on CG scaffolds from co-cultures of chondrocytes and stem cells.

scholarly journals Over-Confluence of expanded bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells ameliorates their chondrogenic capacity in 3D cartilage tissue engineering

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Damien Tucker ◽  
Karen Still ◽  
Ashley Blom ◽  
Anthony P. Hollander ◽  
Wael Kafienah
Keyword(s):  
Tissue Engineering ◽  
Stem Cells ◽  
Bone Marrow ◽  
Mesenchymal Stem Cells ◽  
Perceived Risk ◽  
Cartilage Tissue Engineering ◽  
Culture Technique ◽  
Cartilage Tissue ◽  
Differentiation Potential ◽  
Marrow Mesenchymal Stem Cells

ABSTRACTCartilage tissue engineering using bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells (BM-MSCs) is a growing technology for the repair of joint defects. Culturing BM-MSCs to over confluence has historically been avoided due to perceived risk to cell viability, growth inhibition and differentiation potential. Here we show that a simple change in culture practice, based on mimicking the condensation phase during embryonic cartilage development, results in biochemically and histologically superior cartilage tissue engineered constructs. Whole transcriptome analysis of the condensing cells revealed a phenotype associated with early commitment to chondrogenic precursors. This simple adjustment to the common stem cell culture technique would impact the quality of all cartilage tissue engineering modalities utilising these cells.

scholarly journals Calcium/Cobalt Alginate Beads as Functional Scaffolds for Cartilage Tissue Engineering

2016 ◽  
Vol 2016 ◽  
pp. 1-12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Stefano Focaroli ◽  
Gabriella Teti ◽  
Viviana Salvatore ◽  
Isabella Orienti ◽  
Mirella Falconi
Keyword(s):  
Tissue Engineering ◽  
Bone Morphogenetic Proteins ◽  
Transforming Growth Factor ◽  
Cartilage Tissue Engineering ◽  
Biomechanical Properties ◽  
Alginate Beads ◽  
Cartilage Tissue ◽  
Self Healing ◽  
Tissue Replacement

Articular cartilage is a highly organized tissue with complex biomechanical properties. However, injuries to the cartilage usually lead to numerous health concerns and often culminate in disabling symptoms, due to the poor intrinsic capacity of this tissue for self-healing. Although various approaches are proposed for the regeneration of cartilage, its repair still represents an enormous challenge for orthopedic surgeons. The field of tissue engineering currently offers some of the most promising strategies for cartilage restoration, in which assorted biomaterials and cell-based therapies are combined to develop new therapeutic regimens for tissue replacement. The current study describes thein vitrobehavior of human adipose-derived mesenchymal stem cells (hADSCs) encapsulated within calcium/cobalt (Ca/Co) alginate beads. These novel chondrogenesis-promoting scaffolds take advantage of the synergy between the alginate matrix and Co+2ions, without employing costly growth factors (e.g., transforming growth factor betas (TGF-βs) or bone morphogenetic proteins (BMPs)) to direct hADSC differentiation into cartilage-producing chondrocytes.

Spidroin Striped Micropattern Promotes Chondrogenic Differentiation of Human Wharton’s Jelly Mesenchymal Stem Cells

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anggraini Barlian ◽  
Dinda Hani’ah Arum Saputri ◽  
Adriel Hernando ◽  
Ekavianty Prajatelistia ◽  
Hutomo Tanoto
Keyword(s):  
Tissue Engineering ◽  
Stem Cells ◽  
Mesenchymal Stem Cells ◽  
Chondrogenic Differentiation ◽  
Spider Silk ◽  
Cartilage Tissue Engineering ◽  
Wharton’S Jelly ◽  
Cartilage Tissue ◽  
Type Ii ◽  
Wharton's Jelly

Abstract Cartilage tissue engineering, particularly micropattern, can influence the biophysical properties of mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) leading to chondrogenesis. In this research, human Wharton’s jelly MSCs (hWJ-MSCs) were grown on a striped micropattern containing spider silk protein (spidroin) from Argiope appensa. This research aims to direct hWJ-MSCs chondrogenesis using micropattern made of spidroin bioink as opposed to fibronectin that often used as the gold standard. Cells were cultured on striped micropattern of 500 µm and 1000 µm width sizes without chondrogenic differentiation medium for 21 days. The immunocytochemistry result showed that spidroin contains RGD sequences and facilitates cell adhesion via integrin β1. Chondrogenesis was observed through the expression of glycosaminoglycan, type II collagen, and SOX9. The result on glycosaminoglycan content proved that 1000 µm was the optimal width to support chondrogenesis. Spidroin micropattern induced significantly higher expression of SOX9 mRNA on day-21 and SOX9 protein was located inside the nucleus starting from day-7. COL2A1 mRNA of spidroin micropattern groups was downregulated on day-21 and collagen type II protein was detected starting from day-14. These results showed that spidroin micropattern enhances chondrogenic markers while maintains long-term upregulation of SOX9, and therefore has the potential as a new method for cartilage tissue engineering.

TRENDS AND CHALLENGES OF CARTILAGE TISSUE ENGINEERING

2009 ◽  
Vol 21 (03) ◽  
pp. 149-155 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hsu-Wei Fang
Keyword(s):  
Tissue Engineering ◽  
Stem Cells ◽  
Growth Factors ◽  
Bone Cells ◽  
Cartilage Tissue Engineering ◽  
Bioactive Molecules ◽  
In Vivo Studies ◽  
Cartilage Tissue

Cartilage injuries may be caused by trauma, biomechanical imbalance, or degenerative changes of joint. Unfortunately, cartilage has limited capability to spontaneous repair once damaged and may lead to progressive damage and degeneration. Cartilage tissue-engineering techniques have emerged as the potential clinical strategies. An ideal tissue-engineering approach to cartilage repair should offer good integration into both the host cartilage and the subchondral bone. Cells, scaffolds, and growth factors make up the tissue engineering triad. One of the major challenges for cartilage tissue engineering is cell source and cell numbers. Due to the limitations of proliferation for mature chondrocytes, current studies have alternated to use stem cells as a potential source. In the recent years, a lot of novel biomaterials has been continuously developed and investigated in various in vitro and in vivo studies for cartilage tissue engineering. Moreover, stimulatory factors such as bioactive molecules have been explored to induce or enhance cartilage formation. Growth factors and other additives could be added into culture media in vitro, transferred into cells, or incorporated into scaffolds for in vivo delivery to promote cellular differentiation and tissue regeneration.Based on the current development of cartilage tissue engineering, there exist challenges to overcome. How to manipulate the interactions between cells, scaffold, and signals to achieve the moderation of implanted composite differentiate into moderate stem cells to differentiate into hyaline cartilage to perform the optimum physiological and biomechanical functions without negative side effects remains the target to pursue.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document