scholarly journals Recent Insights in Transition Metal Sulfide Hydrodesulfurization Catalysts for the Production of Ultra Low Sulfur Diesel: A Short Review

Catalysts ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 87 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jorge Díaz de León ◽  
Chowdari Ramesh Kumar ◽  
Joel Antúnez-García ◽  
Sergio Fuentes-Moyado
Keyword(s):  
Transition Metal ◽  
Supported Catalysts ◽  
Morphological Changes ◽  
Surface Acidity ◽  
Sulfur Removal ◽  
Metal Sulfide ◽  
Unsupported Catalysts ◽  
Ultra Low Sulfur Diesel ◽  
Hydrodesulfurization Catalysts ◽  
Low Sulfur

The literature from the past few years dealing with hydrodesulfurization catalysts to deeply remove the sulfur-containing compounds in fuels is reviewed in this communication. We focus on the typical transition metal sulfides (TMS) Ni/Co-promoted Mo, W-based bi- and tri-metallic catalysts for selective removal of sulfur from typical refractory compounds. This review is separated into three very specific topics of the catalysts to produce ultra-low sulfur diesel. The first issue is the supported catalysts; the second, the self-supported or unsupported catalysts and finally, a brief discussion about the theoretical studies. We also inspect some details about the effect of support, the use of organic and inorganic additives and aspects related to the preparation of unsupported catalysts. We discuss some hot topics and details of the unsupported catalyst preparation that could influence the sulfur removal capacity of specific systems. Parameters such as surface acidity, dispersion, morphological changes of the active phases, and the promotion effect are the common factors discussed in the vast majority of present-day research. We conclude from this review that hydrodesulfurization performance of TMS catalysts supported or unsupported may be improved by using new methodologies, both experimental and theoretical, to fulfill the societal needs of ultra-low sulfur fuels, which more stringent future regulations will require.

Infrared Spectroscopic Characterization of Sulfide Cluster-Derived Ensembles

1994 ◽  
Vol 368 ◽  
Author(s):  
James R. Brenner ◽  
Levi T. Thompson
Keyword(s):  
Transition Metal ◽  
Active Sites ◽  
Supported Catalysts ◽  
Bond Cleavage ◽  
Metal Sulfide ◽  
Spectroscopic Characterization ◽  
Incipient Wetness Impregnation ◽  
Late Transition Metals ◽  
Late Transition ◽  
Thiophene Hds

ABSTRACTThe transition metal sulfide clusters (MeCp)2Mo2(μ-SH)2(μ-S)2, (MeCp)2Mo2Co2(μ3-S)2(μ4-S)(CO)4 [MoCoS], and (MeCp)2Mo2 Fe2 (μ3-S)2(CO)8, (MeCp = methylcyclopentadienyl) were used to prepare γ-Al2O3-supported catalysts. For comparison, a series of supported materials was also prepared using conventional incipient wetness impregnation. Infrared spectroscopy of adsorbed species was used to characterize the sites in the clusterderived and conventionally prepared catalysts. Nitric oxide chemisorbed onto the MoCoS/A catalyst was associated initially only with Co sites and then upon gentle heating shifted to the Mo sites, indicating that Co and Mo were in close proximity. In contrast, NO adsorbed onto both Co and Mo sites in the conventionally prepared materials and desorbed independently from these two types of sites. Infrared spectra of adsorbed thiophene and pyridine were similar for the clusterderived and conventionally prepared catalysts. Thiophene reacted at 100 °C to produce both olefinic species. The most abundant products from thiophene HDS were 1-butene, cis-2-butene, and trans-2-butene. Displacement studies showed that thiophene, pyridine, and NO adsorbed to the same site. The most active sites for HDS and HDN contained both Mo and a late transition metal. The HDN product distributions suggested that Mo was selective for C=N bond cleavage while the late transition metals were more active for C=C hydrogenolysis.

Formulation and tribological behavior of ultra-low sulfur diesel fuels microemulsified with glycerin

Fuel ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 292 ◽  
pp. 120257
Author(s):  
Igor M.A. Uchôa ◽  
Marcell S. Deus ◽  
Eduardo L. Barros Neto
Keyword(s):  
Tribological Behavior ◽  
Diesel Fuels ◽  
Ultra Low Sulfur Diesel ◽  
Low Sulfur

Effect of Biodiesel, JP-8 and Ultra Low Sulfur Diesel Fuel on Autoignition, Combustion, Performance and Emissions in a Single Cylinder Diesel Engine

2010 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chandrasekharan Jayakumar ◽  
Jagdish Nargunde ◽  
Anubhav Sinha ◽  
Walter Bryzik ◽  
Naeim A. Henein ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Diesel Engine ◽  
Fuel Properties ◽  
Nox Emissions ◽  
Single Cylinder ◽  
Combustion Performance ◽  
Ultra Low Sulfur Diesel ◽  
Diffusion Controlled ◽  
Performance And Emissions ◽  
Combustion Fraction ◽  
Low Sulfur

Concern about the depletion of petroleum reserves, rising prices of conventional fuels, security of supply and global warming have driven research toward the development of renewable fuels for use in diesel engines. These fuels have different physical and chemical properties that affect the diesel combustion process. This paper compares between the autoignition, combustion, performance and emissions of soybean derived biodiesel, JP-8 and ultra low sulfur diesel (ULSD) in a high speed single-cylinder research diesel engine equipped with a common rail injection system. Tests were conducted at steady state conditions at different injection pressures ranging from 600 bar to 1200 bar. The ‘rate of heat release’ traces are analyzed to determine the effect of fuel properties on the ignition delay, premixed combustion fraction and mixing and diffusion controlled combustion fractions. Biodiesel produced the largest diffusion controlled combustion fraction at all injection pressures compared to ULSD and JP-8. At 600 bar injection pressure, the diffusion controlled combustion fraction for biodiesel was 53% whereas both JP-8 and ULSD produced 39%. In addition, the effect of fuel properties on engine performance, fuel economy, and engine-out emissions is determined. On an average JP-8 produced 3% higher thermal efficiency than ULSD. Special attention is given to the NOx emissions and particulate matter characteristics. On an average biodiesel produced 37% less NOx emissions compared to ULSD and JP-8.

Structural, Electronic and Electrocatalytic Evaluation of Spinel Transition Metal Sulfide Supported Reduced Graphene Oxide

2022 ◽  
Author(s):  
Santhosh Kumar Ramasamy ◽  
Ramakrishnan S ◽  
Sampath Prabhakaran ◽  
Ae Kim ◽  
Ranjith Kumar Dharman ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Graphene Oxide ◽  
Hydrogen Production ◽  
Transition Metal ◽  
Reduced Graphene Oxide ◽  
Metal Sulfide ◽  
Water Electrolysis ◽  
Vital Role ◽  
Transition Metal Sulfide ◽  
Highly Active ◽  
Reduced Graphene

Development of highly active and durable non-precious spinel transition metal sulfide (STMS)-based electrocatalysts plays a vital role in increasing the efficiency of hydrogen production via water electrolysis. Herein, we have...

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document