scholarly journals Sustainable Exploitation of Residual Cynara cardunculus L. to Levulinic Acid and n-Butyl Levulinate

Catalysts ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (9) ◽  
pp. 1082
Author(s):  
Anna Maria Raspolli Galletti ◽  
Domenico Licursi ◽  
Serena Ciorba ◽  
Nicola Di Fidio ◽  
Valentina Coccia ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Levulinic Acid ◽  
Food Additives ◽  
Main Reaction ◽  
Cynara Cardunculus ◽  
One Pot ◽  
Direct Production ◽  
Platform Chemicals ◽  
Catalyst Type ◽  
Pharmaceutical Industries ◽  
The One

Hydrolysis and butanolysis of lignocellulosic biomass are efficient routes to produce two valuable bio-based platform chemicals, levulinic acid and n-butyl levulinate, which find increasing applications in the field of biofuels and for the synthesis of intermediates for chemical and pharmaceutical industries, food additives, surfactants, solvents and polymers. In this research, the acid-catalyzed hydrolysis of the waste residue of Cynara cardunculus L. (cardoon), remaining after seed removal for oil exploitation, was investigated. The cardoon residue was employed as-received and after a steam-explosion treatment which causes an enrichment in cellulose. The effects of the main reaction parameters, such as catalyst type and loading, reaction time, temperature and heating methodology, on the hydrolysis process were assessed. Levulinic acid molar yields up to about 50 mol % with levulinic acid concentrations of 62.1 g/L were reached. Moreover, the one-pot butanolysis of the steam-exploded cardoon with the bio-alcohol n-butanol was investigated, demonstrating the direct production of n-butyl levulinate with good yield, up to 42.5 mol %. These results demonstrate that such residual biomass represent a promising feedstock for the sustainable production of levulinic acid and n-butyl levulinate, opening the way to the complete exploitation of this crop.

scholarly journals Performance of 1-(3-Sulfopropyl)-3-Methylimidazolium Hydrogen Sulfate as a Catalyst for Hardwood Upgrading into Bio-Based Platform Chemicals

Catalysts ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (8) ◽  
pp. 937
Author(s):  
Mar López ◽  
Sandra Rivas ◽  
Carlos Vila ◽  
Valentín Santos ◽  
Juan Carlos Parajó
Keyword(s):  
Levulinic Acid ◽  
Solid Phase ◽  
Aqueous Media ◽  
Hydrogen Sulfate ◽  
Hydrothermal Processing ◽  
Isobutyl Ketone ◽  
One Pot ◽  
Operational Conditions ◽  
Platform Chemicals ◽  
The One

The acidic ionic liquid 1-(3-sulfopropyl)-3-methylimidazolium hydrogen sulfate ([C3SO3Hmim]HSO4) was employed as a catalyst for manufacturing polysaccharide-derived products (soluble hemicellulose-derived saccharides, furans, and/or organic acids) from Eucalyptus globulus wood. Operation was performed in aqueous media supplemented with [C3SO3Hmim]HSO4 and methyl isobutyl ketone, following two different processing schemes: one-pot reaction or the solubilization of hemicelluloses by hydrothermal processing followed by the separate manufacture of the target compounds from both hemicellulose-derived saccharides and cellulose. Depending on the operational conditions, the one-pot reaction could be directed to the formation of furfural (at molar conversions up to 92.6%), levulinic acid (at molar conversions up to 45.8%), or mixtures of furfural and levulinic acid (at molar conversions up to 81.3% and 44.8%, respectively). In comparison, after hydrothermal processing, the liquid phase (containing hemicellulose-derived saccharides) yielded furfural at molar conversions near 78%, whereas levulinic acid was produced from the cellulose-enriched, solid phase at molar conversions up to 49.5%.

scholarly journals Facile Synthesis of COF-Supported Reduced Pd-Based Catalyst for One-Pot Reductive Amination of Aldehydes

Catalysts ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (2) ◽  
pp. 287
Author(s):  
Jianguo Liu ◽  
Mingyue Zhang ◽  
Longlong Ma
Keyword(s):  
Heterogeneous Catalysts ◽  
Reductive Amination ◽  
Secondary Amines ◽  
Metallic State ◽  
One Pot ◽  
Effective Synthesis ◽  
Pharmaceutical Industries ◽  
The One ◽  
Heterocyclic Aldehydes ◽  
Supported Pd

Dibenzylamine motifs are an important class of crucial organic compounds and are widely used in fine chemical and pharmaceutical industries. The development of the efficient, economical, and environmentally friendly synthesis of amines using transition metal-based heterogeneous catalysts remains both desirable and challenging. Herein, we prepared the covalent organic framework (COF)-supported heterogeneous reduced COF-supported Pd-based catalyst and used it for the one-pot reductive amination of aldehydes. There are both Pd metallic state and oxidated Pdσ+ in the catalysts. Furthermore, in the presence of the reduced COF-supported Pd-based catalyst, many aromatic, aliphatic, and heterocyclic aldehydes with various functional groups substituted were converted to their corresponding amines products in good to excellent selectivity (up to 91%) under mild reaction conditions (70 °C, 2 h, NH3, 20 bar H2). This work expands the covalent organic frameworks for the material family and its support catalyst, opening up new catalytic applications in the economical, practical, and effective synthesis of secondary amines.

scholarly journals Production of lactic acid from cellulose using solid catalyst

2019 ◽  
Vol 268 ◽  
pp. 07006 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sujitra Doungsri ◽  
P. Rattanaphanee ◽  
Aatichat Wongkoblap
Keyword(s):  
Lactic Acid ◽  
Batch Reactor ◽  
Nitrogen Pressure ◽  
Reaction Pathways ◽  
Solid Catalyst ◽  
One Pot ◽  
Solid Catalysts ◽  
Platform Chemicals ◽  
Acid And Base ◽  
The One

Lactic acid (LA), one of the important biomass derived platform chemicals, has been used in food and chemical industries, especially in biodegradable polymer as polylactic acid (PLA). The aim of this work is to study the one-pot production of LA from cellulose by using different solid catalysts. The reaction was conducted in a high pressure batch reactor and the catalyst used in this study were ZrO2 and Al2O3. The reaction was carried out at temperature of 200oC for 6 hr. and under nitrogen pressure of 1 MP. It was found that the production yield of LA were 8.02% and 6.63%, when the ZrO2 and Al2O3 catalysts were used respectively. The result indicated that the ZrO2 may effect on the LA production because of the acid and base sites of the ZrO2. Therefore, the reaction pathways for conversion of cellulose into lactic acid have been investigated, and developed the new conditions to achieve the higher yield.

scholarly journals Unravelling the one-pot conversion of biomass-derived furfural and levulinic acid to 1,4-pentanediol catalysed by supported RANEY® Ni–Sn alloy catalysts

RSC Advances ◽  
2022 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
pp. 241-250
Author(s):  
Rodiansono ◽  
Maria Dewi Astuti ◽  
Kamilia Mustikasari ◽  
Sadang Husain ◽  
Fathur Razi Ansyah ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Levulinic Acid ◽  
Reaction Conditions ◽  
One Pot ◽  
The One ◽  
Alloy Catalysts

The RANEY® Ni–Sn(x) alloy catalysed the one-pot conversion of biomass-derived furfural and levulinic acid to allow remarkable yield of 1,4-pentanediol (up to 90%) under the mild reaction conditions.

scholarly journals One-pot conversion of biomass-derived xylose and furfural into levulinate esters via acid catalysis

2017 ◽  
Vol 53 (20) ◽  
pp. 2938-2941 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xun Hu ◽  
Shengjuan Jiang ◽  
Liping Wu ◽  
Shuai Wang ◽  
Chun-Zhu Li
Keyword(s):  
Acid Ester ◽  
Levulinic Acid ◽  
Acid Catalysis ◽  
Value Added ◽  
One Pot ◽  
Platform Chemicals

Via acid catalysis in dimethoxymethane/methanol, both C5 sugars and C6 sugars, derived from hemicellulose and cellulose, could be simultaneously converted into levulinic acid/ester, the platform chemicals for manufacturing value-added chemicals and biofuels.

Nanocrystalline Rhenium-doped TiO2: an efficient catalyst in the one-pot conversion of carbohydrates into levulinic acid. The synergistic effect between Brønsted and Lewis acid sites

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sorin Avramescu ◽  
Cristian D. Ene ◽  
Madalina Ciobanu ◽  
Josefine Schnee ◽  
François Devred ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Catalytic Activity ◽  
Synergistic Effect ◽  
Lewis Acid ◽  
Levulinic Acid ◽  
Acid Sites ◽  
Lewis Acid Sites ◽  
One Pot ◽  
Efficient Catalyst ◽  
The One ◽  
Brønsted And Lewis Acid

Catalytic activity of TiO2, 2%Re-TiO2 and 10%Re-TiO2 in the conversion of carbohydrates into levulinic acid under autoclave conditions was evaluated. These materials were prepared by aerogel method and characterized by...

A comparative study of metal-catalyzed three-component synthesis of α-aminophosphonates

2021 ◽  
pp. 221-234
Author(s):  
Marwa M. Abdeen ◽  
Mohamed A. Hamed ◽  
Abdel Aleem Hassan Abdel Aleem ◽  
Ibrahim F. Nassar ◽  
Ibrahim E.T. El-Sayed
Keyword(s):  
Carbonyl Compounds ◽  
Room Temperature ◽  
Lithium Perchlorate ◽  
Aprotic Solvents ◽  
Electronic Factor ◽  
One Pot ◽  
Catalyst Type ◽  
Metal Catalyzed ◽  
The One ◽  
Metal Triflates

Different metal catalysts have been tested for the one-pot transformation of carbonyl compounds, amines and phosphites to α-aminophosphonates. The influence of catalyst type, amount, solvent and the substrate electronic factor have been investigated. The results revealed that the carbonyl compounds could be smoothly converted into α-aminophosphonates at room temperature in good to excellent yields, with or without solvent in a reasonable reaction time. These results suggested that among others, lithium perchlorate and metal triflates were proven to be effective catalysts in 10 moles % catalysts. Polar aprotic solvents proved to be the best for the synthesis of α-aminophosphonates. The synthesized compounds' structure characterizations were elucidated by different spectroscopic tools and showed results consistent with the expected structures.

scholarly journals Direct Alcoholysis of Carbohydrate Precursors and Real Cellulosic Biomasses to Alkyl Levulinates: A Critical Review

Catalysts ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (10) ◽  
pp. 1221
Author(s):  
Anna Maria Raspolli Galletti ◽  
Claudia Antonetti ◽  
Sara Fulignati ◽  
Domenico Licursi
Keyword(s):  
Levulinic Acid ◽  
Raw Materials ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Chemical Properties ◽  
One Pot ◽  
Speed Up ◽  
Acid Catalyzed ◽  
The One ◽  
Alkyl Levulinates ◽  
New Applications

Alkyl levulinates (ALs) represent outstanding bio-fuels and strategic bio-products within the context of the marketing of levulinic acid derivatives. However, their synthesis by acid-catalyzed esterification of pure levulinic acid, or by acid-catalyzed alcoholysis of furfuryl alcohol, although relatively simple, is still economically disadvantageous, due to the high costs of the pure precursors. The direct one-pot alcoholysis of model C6 carbohydrates and raw biomass represents an alternative approach for the one-step synthesis of ALs. In order to promote the market for these bio-products and, concurrently, the immediate development of new applications, it is necessary to speed up the intensification of their production processes, and this important achievement is onlypossible by using low-cost or, even better, waste biomasses, as starting feedstocks. This review provides an overview of the most recent and promising advances on the one-pot production of ALs from model C6 carbohydrates and real biomasses, in the presence of homogeneous or heterogeneous acid catalysts. The use of model C6 carbohydrates allows for the identification of the best obtainable ALs yields, resulting in being strategic for the development of new smart catalysts, whose chemical properties must be properly tuned, taking into account the involved reaction mechanism. On the other hand, the transition to the real biomass now represents a necessary choice for allowing the next ALs production on a larger scale. The improvement of the available synthetic strategies, the use of raw materials and the development of new applications for ALs will contribute to develop more intensified, greener, and sustainable processes.

Direct Production of Levulinic Acid in One Pot from Hemp Hurd by Dilute Acid in Ionic Liquids

2019 ◽  
Vol 34 (2) ◽  
pp. 1764-1772 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sarttrawut Tulaphol ◽  
Md. Anwar Hossain ◽  
Mohammad Shahinur Rahaman ◽  
Li-Yang Liu ◽  
Thanh Khoa Phung ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Ionic Liquids ◽  
Levulinic Acid ◽  
Dilute Acid ◽  
One Pot ◽  
Direct Production ◽  
Hemp Hurd

scholarly journals Pentanoic acid from γ-valerolactone and formic acid using bifunctional catalysis

2020 ◽  
Vol 22 (4) ◽  
pp. 1171-1181 ◽  
Author(s):  
Majd Al-Naji ◽  
Joost Van Aelst ◽  
Yuhe Liao ◽  
Martin d'Hullian ◽  
Zhipeng Tian ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Formic Acid ◽  
Industrial Application ◽  
Levulinic Acid ◽  
Bifunctional Catalyst ◽  
Bifunctional Catalysis ◽  
Pentanoic Acid ◽  
One Pot ◽  
Integrated Biorefinery ◽  
The One

The production of pentanoic acid from γ-valerolactone and the one-pot route from levulinic acid both over bifunctional catalyst with formic acid as H2 source is an example for an integrated biorefinery in the direction to an industrial application.

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