scholarly journals Photocatalytic Degradation of Rhodamine B and Methylene Orange Using TiO2-ZrO2 as Nanocomposite

Catalysts ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (9) ◽  
pp. 1035
Author(s):  
Víctor Ruíz-Santoyo ◽  
Virginia F. Marañon-Ruiz ◽  
Rafael Romero-Toledo ◽  
Oscar Arturo González Vargas ◽  
Alejandro Pérez-Larios
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscopy ◽  
Photocatalytic Activity ◽  
Photocatalytic Degradation ◽  
Rhodamine B ◽  
Photoelectron Spectroscopy ◽  
Anatase Phase ◽  
Structural Defects ◽  
Kinetics Parameters ◽  
Doped Tio2 ◽  
X Ray

The present research reports the synthesis of ZrO2-doped TiO2 photocatalysts at different ZrO2 contents (1, 3 and 5% wt.) synthesized by the sol–gel method. The samples were characterized by transmission electron microscopy (TEM), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), X-ray diffraction, attenuated total reflectance-Fourier transform infrared, ultraviolet–visible, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy and N2 adsorption–desorption analysis. The photocatalytic activity of the ZrO2-doped TiO2 was investigated against the dyes methyl orange and rhodamine B through mineralization studies. The ZrO2-doped TiO2 samples presented a semiglobular-ovoid agglomerate shape around 500–800 nm. The samples presented high crystallinity of the TiO2 anatase phase, XPS suggested the formation of Zr–O–Ti bonds and the samples were classified as mesoporous materials with slight changes in the optical features in comparison with pure TiO2. Our study shows that the ZrO2-doped TiO2 composites exhibited a higher photocatalytic activity than just utilizing the synthetized TiO2 and a commercial P25. The different degradation behaviors are attributed to differences in the textural properties, and to the different optical absorptions of the samples due to structural defects created by the level of doping of Zr4+ ions into the TiO2 lattice. Reaction kinetics parameters were calculated by the Langmuir–Hinshelwood model, and a third run cycle of the ZrO2-doped TiO2 at 1% wt. achieved a photocatalytic degradation of 78.1 and 75.5% for RhB and MO, respectively.

Synthesis of coral-globular-like composite Ag/TiO2-SnO2 and its photocatalytic degradation of rhodamine B under multiple modes

2017 ◽  
Vol 76 (8) ◽  
pp. 2120-2132 ◽  
Author(s):  
Q. Song ◽  
L. Li ◽  
N. Zhuo ◽  
H. N. Zhang ◽  
X. Chen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Photocatalytic Activity ◽  
Photocatalytic Degradation ◽  
Rhodamine B ◽  
Photoelectron Spectroscopy ◽  
Diffuse Reflectance Spectroscopy ◽  
Organic Dyes ◽  
Uv Light ◽  
Sol Gel ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Tio2 Anatase

Taking cetyltrimethylammonium bromide (CTAB) as the template and using TiO2 as the substrate, coral-globular-like composite Ag/TiO2-SnO2 (CTAB) was successfully synthesized by the sol–gel combined with a temperature-programmed treatment method. X-ray diffraction, scanning electron microscopy (SEM), UV–vis diffuse reflectance spectroscopy, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, SEM combined with X-ray energy dispersive spectroscopy, and N2 adsorption–desorption tests were employed to characterize samples' crystalline phase, chemical composition, morphology and surface physicochemical properties. Results showed that composites not only had TiO2 anatase structure, but also had some generated SnTiO4, and the silver species was metallic Ag0. Ag/TiO2-SnO2 (CTAB) possessed a coral-globular-like structure with nanosheets in large quantities. The photocatalytic activity of Ag/TiO2-SnO2 (CTAB) had studied by degrading organic dyes under multi-modes, mainly using rhodamine B as the model molecule. Results showed that the coral-globular-like Ag/TiO2-SnO2 (CTAB) was higher photocatalytic activity than that of commercial TiO2, Ag/TiO2-SnO2, TiO2-SnO2 (CTAB), and TiO2-SnO2 under ultraviolet light irradiation. Moreover, Ag/TiO2-SnO2 (CTAB) composite can significantly affect the photocatalytic degradation under multi-modes including UV light, visible light, simulated solar light and microwave-assisted irradiation. Meanwhile, the photocatalytic activity of Ag/TiO2-SnO2 (CTAB) was maintained even after three cycles, indicating that the catalyst had good usability.

scholarly journals Photocatalytic Degradation of Estriol Using Iron-Doped TiO2 under High and Low UV Irradiation

Catalysts ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 8 (12) ◽  
pp. 625 ◽  
Author(s):  
Irwing Ramírez-Sánchez ◽  
Erick Bandala
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscopy ◽  
Photocatalytic Activity ◽  
Uv Irradiation ◽  
Photoelectron Spectroscopy ◽  
Diffuse Reflectance Spectroscopy ◽  
Bet Surface Area ◽  
Doped Tio2 ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Tio2 Lattice ◽  
Iron Doped

Iron-doped TiO2 nanoparticles (Fe-TiO2) were synthesized and photocatalitically investigated under high and low fluence values of UV radiation. The Fe-TiO2 physical characterization was performed using X-ray Powder Diffraction (XRD), Brunauer–Emmett–Teller (BET) surface area analysis, Transmission Electron Microscopy (TEM), Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM), Diffuse Reflectance Spectroscopy (DRS), and X-ray Photoelectron Spectroscopy (XPS). The XPS evidenced that the ferric ion (Fe3+) was in the TiO2 lattice and unintentionally added co-dopants were also present because of the precursors of the synthetic method. The Fe3+ concentration played a key role in the photocatalytic generation of hydroxyl radicals (•OH) and estriol (E3) degradation. Fe-TiO2 accomplished E3 degradation, and it was found that the catalyst with 0.3 at.% content of Fe (0.3 Fe-TiO2) enhanced the photocatalytic activity under low UV irradiation compared with TiO2 without intentionally added Fe (zero-iron TiO2) and Aeroxide® TiO2 P25. Furthermore, the enhanced photocatalytic activity of 0.3 Fe-TiO2 under low UV irradiation may have applications when radiation intensity must be controlled, as in medical applications, or when strong UV absorbing species are present in water.

scholarly journals Enhanced Photocatalytic Activity of CuWO4 Doped TiO2 Photocatalyst Towards Carbamazepine Removal under UV Irradiation

Separations ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 8 (3) ◽  
pp. 25
Author(s):  
Chukwuka Bethel Anucha ◽  
Ilknur Altin ◽  
Emin Bacaksız ◽  
Tayfur Kucukomeroglu ◽  
Masho Hilawie Belay ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscopy ◽  
Photocatalytic Activity ◽  
Photoelectron Spectroscopy ◽  
Diffuse Reflectance Spectroscopy ◽  
Sol Gel ◽  
Pure Tio2 ◽  
Component Part ◽  
Energy Yield ◽  
Mechanical Agitation ◽  
X Ray

Abatement of contaminants of emerging concerns (CECs) in water sources has been widely studied employing TiO2 based heterogeneous photocatalysis. However, low quantum energy yield among other limitations of titania has led to its modification with other semiconductor materials for improved photocatalytic activity. In this work, a 0.05 wt.% CuWO4 over TiO2 was prepared as a powder composite. Each component part synthesized via the sol-gel method for TiO2, and CuWO4 by co-precipitation assisted hydrothermal method from precursor salts, underwent gentle mechanical agitation. Homogenization of the nanopowder precursors was performed by zirconia ball milling for 2 h. The final material was obtained after annealing at 500 °C for 3.5 h. Structural and morphological characterization of the synthesized material has been achieved employing X-ray diffraction (XRD), Fourier transform infra-red (FTIR) spectroscopy, Brunauer–Emmett–Teller (BET) N2 adsorption–desorption analysis, Scanning electron microscopy-coupled Energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (SEM-EDS), Transmission electron microscopy (TEM), X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), and UV-Vis diffuse reflectance spectroscopy (UV-vis DRS) for optical characterization. The 0.05 wt.% CuWO4-TiO2 catalyst was investigated for its photocatalytic activity over carbamazepine (CBZ), achieving a degradation of almost 100% after 2 h irradiation. A comparison with pure TiO2 prepared under those same conditions was made. The effect of pH, chemical scavengers, H2O2 as well as contaminant ion effects (anions, cations), and humic acid (HA) was investigated, and their related influences on the photocatalyst efficiency towards CBZ degradation highlighted accordingly.

scholarly journals Study of the Effect of TiO2 Layer on the Adsorption and Photocatalytic Activity of TiO2-MoS2 Heterostructures under Visible-Infrared Light

2020 ◽  
Vol 2020 ◽  
pp. 1-9 ◽  
Author(s):  
N. Cruz-González ◽  
O. Calzadilla ◽  
J. Roque ◽  
F. Chalé-Lara ◽  
J. K. Olarte ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscopy ◽  
Photocatalytic Activity ◽  
Photoelectron Spectroscopy ◽  
Diffuse Reflectance Spectroscopy ◽  
Nitrogen Adsorption ◽  
High Photocatalytic Activity ◽  
Infrared Light ◽  
Polluted Water ◽  
Light Spectrum ◽  
X Ray

In the last decade, the urgent need to environmental protection has promoted the development of new materials with potential applications to remediate air and polluted water. In this work, the effect of the TiO2 thin layer over MoS2 material in photocatalytic activity is reported. We prepared different heterostructures, using a combination of electrospinning, solvothermal, and spin-coating techniques. The properties of the samples were analyzed by scanning electron microscopy (SEM), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), atomic force microscopy (AFM), X-ray diffraction (XRD), nitrogen adsorption-desorption isotherms, UV-Vis diffuse reflectance spectroscopy (UV-Vis-DRS), and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS). The adsorption and photocatalytic activity were evaluated by discoloration of rhodamine B solution. The TiO2-MoS2/TiO2 heterostructure presented three optical absorption edges at 1.3 eV, 2.28 eV, and 3.23 eV. The high adsorption capacity of MoS2 was eliminated with the addition of TiO2 thin film. The samples show high photocatalytic activity in the visible-IR light spectrum.

scholarly journals Study on Synthesis and Photocatalytic Activity of Porous Titania Nanotubes

2016 ◽  
Vol 2016 ◽  
pp. 1-10 ◽  
Author(s):  
Huang Liu ◽  
Yanhua Zhang ◽  
Hongtao Yang ◽  
Wei Xiao ◽  
Lanlan Sun
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscopy ◽  
Photocatalytic Activity ◽  
Filter Paper ◽  
Photoelectron Spectroscopy ◽  
Diffuse Reflectance Spectroscopy ◽  
Cellulose Nanofibers ◽  
Titania Nanotubes ◽  
Tetrabutyl Titanate ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Porous Titania

Using the common natural cellulose substance (filter paper) and triblock copolymer (Pluronic P123) micelles as dual templates, porous titania nanotubes with enhanced photocatalytic activity have been successfully synthesized through sol-gel methods. Firstly, P123 micelles were adsorbed onto the surfaces of cellulose nanofibers of filter paper, followed by hydrolysis and condensation of tetrabutyl titanate around these micelles to form titania layer. After calcination to remove the organic templates, hierarchical titania nanotubes with pores in the walls were obtained. The sample was characterized by X-ray diffraction pattern (XRD), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), nitrogen adsorption/desorption, Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FT-IR), Ultraviolet-Visible Diffuse Reflectance Spectroscopy (UV-Vis DRS), and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS). As compared with commercial P25 catalyst, the porous titania nanotubes prepared by this method displayed significantly enhanced photocatalytic activity for degrading methyl orange under UV irradiation. Within 10 minutes, the porous titania nanotubes are able to degrade over 70% of the original MO, while the value for the commercial Degussa P25 is only about 33%.

scholarly journals Copper oxide supported on graphene for phodegradation of rhodamine B

2015 ◽  
Vol 11 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
Nurul Sahida Hassan ◽  
Nurul Jamilah Roslani ◽  
Aishah Abdul Jalil ◽  
Sugeng Triwahyono ◽  
Nur Fatien Salleh ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Photocatalytic Activity ◽  
Copper Oxide ◽  
Photocatalytic Degradation ◽  
Rhodamine B ◽  
Industrial Wastewater ◽  
Water Contamination ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
Composite Photocatalyst ◽  
X Ray ◽  
First Order

In recent years, dyes are one of the major sources of the water contamination that lead to environmental problems. For instance, Rhodamine B (RhB) which was extensively used as a colorant in textile industries is toxic and carcinogenic. Among many techniques, photocatalytic degradation become the promising one to remove those dyes from industrial wastewater. Recently, graphene has shown outstanding performance in this application due to its intrinsic electron delocalisation which promotes electron transport between composite photocatalyst and pollutant molecules. While, copper oxide (CuO) is well-known has a lower bandgap energies compared to other semiconductors. Therefore, in this study, copper oxide supported on graphene (CuO/G) was prepared and its photocatalytic activity was tested on degradation of RhB. The catalysts were characterized by X-Ray Diffraction (XRD) and Fourier Transform Infrared (FTIR) Spectroscopy. The results showed that the interaction between copper and graphene support could enhance the photocatalytic activity. The 5 wt% CuO/G was found to give the highest degradation (95%) of 10 mg L-1 of RhB solution at pH 7 using 1 g L-1 catalyst after 4 hours under visible light irradiation. The photodegradation followed the pseudo first-order Langmuir-Hinshelwood kinetic model. This study demonstrated that the CuO/G has a potential to be used in photocatalytic degradation of various organic pollutants.

scholarly journals Photocatalytic Degradation of Estriol Using Iron-Doped TiO2 under High and Low UV-Irradiation

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Irwing M. Ramírez-Sánchez ◽  
Erick R. Bandala
Keyword(s):  
Photocatalytic Activity ◽  
Electron Microscope ◽  
Uv Irradiation ◽  
Photoelectron Spectroscopy ◽  
Diffuse Reflectance Spectroscopy ◽  
Bet Surface Area ◽  
Doped Tio2 ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Transmission Electron ◽  
Iron Doped

Iron Doped TiO2 nanoparticles (Fe-TiO2) were synthesized and photocatalitically investigated under high and low fluence values of UV-radiation. The Fe-TiO2 physical characterization was performed using X-ray Powder Diffraction (XRD), Brunauer-Emmett-Teller (BET) surface area analysis, Transmission Electron Microscope (TEM), Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM), Diffuse Reflectance Spectroscopy (DRS), and X-Ray Photoelectron Spectroscopy (XPS) technique. The XPS evidenced that ferric ion (Fe3+) was in the lattice of TiO2 and co-dopants no intentionally added were also present due to the precursors of the synthetic method. The Fe3+ concentration played a key role in the photocatalytic generation of hydroxyl radical (•OH) and estriol (E3) degradation. Fe-TiO2 materials accomplished E3 degradation, and it was found that the catalyst with 0.3 at. % content of Fe (0.3 Fe-TiO2) enhanced the photocatalytic activity under low UV-irradiation compared with no intentionally Fe-added TiO2 (zero-iron TiO2) and Aeroxide® TiO2 P25. Furthermore, the enhanced photocatalytic activity of 0.3 Fe-TiO2 under low UV-irradiation may have applications when radiation intensity must be controlled, as in medical applications, or when strong UV absorbing species are present in water.

scholarly journals Biomass-Derived Activated Carbon as a Catalyst for the Effective Degradation of Rhodamine B dye

Processes ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (8) ◽  
pp. 926
Author(s):  
Shamim Ahmed Hira ◽  
Mohammad Yusuf ◽  
Dicky Annas ◽  
Hu Shi Hui ◽  
Kang Hyun Park
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscopy ◽  
Activated Carbon ◽  
Rhodamine B ◽  
Photoelectron Spectroscopy ◽  
High Specific Surface Area ◽  
High Porosity ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
Experimental Conditions ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Transmission Electron

Activated carbon (AC) was fabricated from carrot waste using ZnCl2 as the activating agent and calcined at 700 °C for 2 h in a tube furnace. The as-synthesized AC was characterized using Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy, X-ray diffraction analysis, scanning electron microscopy, transmission electron microscopy, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, and Brunauer–Emmett–Teller analysis; the results revealed that it exhibited a high specific surface area and high porosity. Moreover, this material displayed superior catalytic activity for the degradation of toxic Rhodamine B (RhB) dye. Rate constant for the degradation of RhB was ascertained at different experimental conditions. Lastly, we used the Arrhenius equation and determined that the activation energy for the decomposition of RhB using AC was approximately 35.9 kJ mol−1, which was very low. Hopefully it will create a great platform for the degradation of other toxic dye in near future.

scholarly journals Preparation of pod-shaped TiO 2 and Ag@TiO 2 nano burst tubes and their photocatalytic activity

2019 ◽  
Vol 6 (9) ◽  
pp. 191019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shang Wang ◽  
Zhaolian Han ◽  
Tingting Di ◽  
Rui Li ◽  
Siyuan Liu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscopy ◽  
Photocatalytic Activity ◽  
Oxalic Acid ◽  
Ultraviolet Light ◽  
Photoelectron Spectroscopy ◽  
Degradation Process ◽  
Catalytic Performance ◽  
Tetrabutyl Titanate ◽  
Order Kinetic ◽  
X Ray

The pod-shaped TiO 2 nano burst tubes (TiO 2 NBTs) were prepared by the combination of electrospinning and impregnation calcination with oxalic acid (H 2 C 2 O 4 ), polystyrene (PS) and tetrabutyl titanate. The silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) were loaded onto the surface of TiO 2 NBTs by ultraviolet light reduction method to prepare pod-shaped Ag@TiO 2 NBTs. In this work, we analysed the effect of the amount of oxalic acid on the cracking degree of TiO 2 NBTs; the effect of the concentration of AgNO 3 solution on the particle size and loading of AgNPs on the surface of TiO 2 NBTs. Scanning electron microscopy and transmission electron microscopy investigated the surface morphology of samples. X-ray diffraction and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy characterized the structure and composition of samples. Rhodamine B (RhB) solution was used to evaluate the photocatalytic activity of pod-shaped TiO 2 NBTs and Ag@TiO 2 NBTs. The results showed that TiO 2 NBTs degraded 91.0% of RhB under ultraviolet light, Ag@TiO 2 NBTs degraded 95.5% under visible light for 75 and 60 min, respectively. The degradation process of both samples was consistent with the Langmuir–Hinshelwood first-order kinetic equation. Therefore, the catalytic performance of the sample is: Ag@TiO 2 NBTs > TiO 2 NBTs > TiO 2 nanotubes.

scholarly journals Photocatalytic degradation of deoxynivalenol over dendritic-like α-Fe2O3 under visible light irradiation

Toxins ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (2) ◽  
pp. 105 ◽  
Author(s):  
Huiting Wang ◽  
Jin Mao ◽  
Zhaowei Zhang ◽  
Qi Zhang ◽  
Liangxiao Zhang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscopy ◽  
Visible Light ◽  
Photocatalytic Degradation ◽  
Visible Light Irradiation ◽  
Photoelectron Spectroscopy ◽  
High Performance ◽  
Synthesis Method ◽  
Light Irradiation ◽  
Trichothecene Mycotoxin ◽  
X Ray

Deoxynivalenol (DON) is a secondary metabolite produced by Fusarium, which is a trichothecene mycotoxin. As the main mycotoxin with high toxicity, wheat, barley, corn and their products are susceptible to contamination of DON. Due to the stability of this mycotoxin, traditional methods for DON reduction often require a strong oxidant, high temperature and high pressure with more energy consumption. Therefore, exploring green, efficient and environmentally friendly ways to degrade or reduce DON is a meaningful and challenging issue. Herein, a dendritic-like α-Fe2O3 was successfully prepared using a facile hydrothermal synthesis method at 160 °C, which was systematically characterized by X-ray diffraction (XRD), high-resolution transmission electron microscopy (HRTEM), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS). It was found that dendritic-like α-Fe2O3 showed superior activity for the photocatalytic degradation of DON in aqueous solution under visible light irradiation (λ > 420 nm) and 90.3% DON (initial concentration of 4.0 μg/mL) could be reduced in 2 h. Most of all, the main possible intermediate products were proposed through high performance liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry (HPLC-MS) after the photocatalytic treatment. This work not only provides a green and promising way to mitigate mycotoxin contamination but also may present useful information for future studies.

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