scholarly journals Jackfruit Seed-Derived Nanoporous Carbons as the Electrode Material for Supercapacitors

2020 ◽  
Vol 6 (4) ◽  
pp. 73 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rashma Chaudhary ◽  
Subrata Maji ◽  
Rekha Goswami Shrestha ◽  
Ram Lal Shrestha ◽  
Timila Shrestha ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Materials ◽  
Activated Carbons ◽  
High Current Density ◽  
Chemical Activation ◽  
High Surface ◽  
High Surface Area ◽  
Rate Capability ◽  
High Specific Capacitance ◽  
High Rate ◽  
Nanoporous Carbons

Hierarchically porous activated carbon materials from agro-waste, Jackfruit seeds are prepared by a chemical activation method involving the treatment with zinc chloride (ZnCl2) at different temperatures (600–1000 °C). The electrochemical supercapacitance performances of the prepared materials were studied in an aqueous electrolyte (1 M sulfuric acid, H2SO4) in a three-electrode system. Jackfruit seed carbons display nanoporous structures consisting of both micro- and mesopore architectures and they are amorphous in nature and also contain oxygenated surface functional groups, as confirmed by powder X-ray diffraction (pXRD), Raman scattering, and Fourier-transformed infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy, respectively. The surface areas and pore volumes were found to be 1216.0 to 1340.4 m2·g−1 and 0.804 to 1.144 cm3·g−1, respectively, demonstrating the better surface textural properties compared to the commercial activated carbons. Due to the high surface area, large pore volume, and well developed hierarchical micro- and mesoporosity, the optimal sample achieved a high specific capacitance of 292.2 F·g−1 at 5 mV·s−1 and 261.3 F·g−1 at 1 A·g−1 followed by outstanding high rate capability. The electrode sustained 71.6% capacity retention at a high current density of 20 A·g−1. Furthermore, the electrode displayed exceptional cycling stability with small capacitance loss (0.6%) even after 10,000 charging–discharging cycles, suggesting that Jackfruit seed would have potential in low-cost and scalable production of nanoporous carbon materials for supercapacitors applications.

scholarly journals Chestnut-Derived Activated Carbon as a Prospective Material for Energy Storage

Materials ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 13 (20) ◽  
pp. 4658 ◽  
Author(s):  
Katarzyna Januszewicz ◽  
Anita Cymann-Sachajdak ◽  
Paweł Kazimierski ◽  
Marek Klein ◽  
Justyna Łuczak ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Activated Carbon ◽  
Surface Area ◽  
Activated Carbons ◽  
Chemical Activation ◽  
High Surface ◽  
High Surface Area ◽  
Rate Capability ◽  
Activation Process ◽  
Porous Carbons ◽  
Subsequent Activation

In this work, we present the preparation and characterization of biomass-derived activated carbon (AC) in view of its application as electrode material for electrochemical capacitors. Porous carbons are prepared by pyrolysis of chestnut seeds and subsequent activation of the obtained biochar. We investigate here two activation methods, namely, physical by CO2 and chemical using KOH. Morphology, structure and specific surface area (SSA) of synthesized activated carbons are investigated by Brunauer-Emmett-Teller (BET) technique and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). Electrochemical studies show a clear dependence between the activation method (influencing porosity and SSA of AC) and electric capacitance values as well as rate capability of investigated electrodes. It is shown that well-developed porosity and high surface area, achieved by the chemical activation process, result in outstanding electrochemical performance of the chestnut-derived porous carbons.

scholarly journals Dopamine Assisted One-Step Pyrolysis of Glucose for the Preparation of Porous Carbon with A High Surface Area

Nanomaterials ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 8 (10) ◽  
pp. 854 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hanbo Xiao ◽  
Cheng-an Tao ◽  
Yujiao Li ◽  
Xianzhe Chen ◽  
Jian Huang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Surface Area ◽  
Porous Carbon ◽  
Carbon Materials ◽  
High Current Density ◽  
High Surface ◽  
High Surface Area ◽  
Energy Storage Materials ◽  
One Pot ◽  
Component Structure ◽  
Porous Carbon Materials

Herein, a facile dopamine assisted one-pot synthesis approach is proposed for the preparation of porous carbon with a specific surface area (SSA) up to 2593 m2/g through the direct pyrolysis of a mixture of glucose, NH4Cl, and dopamine hydrochloride (DAH). The glucose is adopted as the carbon source and foaming agent, NH4Cl is used as the blowing agent, and DAH is served as collaborative carbon precursor as well as the nitrogen source for the first time. The effect of dopamine on the component, structure, and SSA of the as-prepared porous carbon materials are systematically studied. The moderate addition of dopamine, which influences the condensation and polymerization of glucose, matches better with ammonium salt decomposition. The SSA of porous carbon increases first and then decreases with the increasing amount of dopamine. In our case, the porous carbon produced with 5 wt% dopamine (PC-5) achieves the maximum SSA of up to 2593 m2/g. Accordingly, it also shows the greatest electrochemical performance. The PC-5 shows a capacitance of 96.7 F/g calculated from the discharge curve at 1 A/g. It also has a good capacitive rate capacity, the specific capacitance can still maintain 80%, even at a high current density of 10 A/g. Moreover, PC-5 exhibits a good cycling stability of 98.1% capacitive retention after 1000 cycles. The proposed method may show promising prospects for preparing porous carbon materials as advanced energy storage materials, storage, and catalyst supports.

scholarly journals Synthesis of Hierarchical Graphene-MnO2 Nanowire Composites with Enhanced Specific Capacitance

2019 ◽  
Vol 31 (8) ◽  
pp. 1709-1718
Author(s):  
T. Veldevi ◽  
K. Thileep Kumar ◽  
R.A. Kalaivani ◽  
S. Raghu ◽  
A.M. Shanmugharaj
Keyword(s):  
Surface Area ◽  
Electrode Materials ◽  
High Surface ◽  
Specific Capacity ◽  
High Surface Area ◽  
Rate Capability ◽  
Sulfate Solution ◽  
High Rate ◽  
Chemical Compositions ◽  
Structure Morphology

Hierarchical nanostructured graphene–manganese dioxide nanowire (G-MnO2-NW) composites have been prepared by hydrothermal synthesis route using water/1-decanol as the medium. Synthesized materials were analyzed using various characterization tools to corroborate their chemical compositions, structure/morphology and surface area. Electrochemical measurements of the synthesized G-MnO2-NW electrode materials delivered the highest specific capacity (255 Fg-1), high rate capability and improved cycling stability at 0.5 Ag–1 in 1M sodium sulfate solution and this fact may be attributed to its high surface area and porosity. Moreover, synthesized G-MnO2-NW electrodes displayed better energy and power density, when compared to the MnO2-NW based electrodes.

scholarly journals Tailoring of Aqueous-Based Carbon Nanotube–Nanocellulose Films as Self-Standing Flexible Anodes for Lithium-Ion Storage

Nanomaterials ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (4) ◽  
pp. 655 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hoang Kha Nguyen ◽  
Jaehan Bae ◽  
Jaehyun Hur ◽  
Sang Joon Park ◽  
Min Sang Park ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Nanotube ◽  
High Surface ◽  
High Surface Area ◽  
Composite Films ◽  
Rate Capability ◽  
Morphological Characteristics ◽  
Lithium Ion ◽  
Reversible Capacity ◽  
High Rate ◽  
Voltage Profile

An easy and environmentally friendly method was developed for the preparation of a stabilized carbon nanotube–crystalline nanocellulose (CNT–CNC) dispersion and for its deposition to generate self-standing CNT–CNC composite films. The composite films were carbonized at different temperatures of 70 °C, 800 °C, and 1300 °C. Structural and morphological characteristics of the CNT–CNC films were investigated by X-ray diffraction (XRD), Raman spectroscopy, and scanning electron microscopy (SEM), which revealed that the sample annealed at 800 °C (CNT–CNC800) formed nano-tree networks of CNTs with a high surface area (1180 m2·g−1) and generated a conductive CNC matrix due to the effective carbonization. The carbonized composite films were applied as anodes for lithium-ion batteries, and the battery performance was evaluated in terms of initial voltage profile, cyclic voltammetry, capacity, cycling stability, and current rate efficiency. Among them, the CNT–CNC800 anode exhibited impressive electrochemical performance by showing a reversible capacity of 443 mAh·g−1 at a current density of 232 mA·g−1 after 120 cycles with the capacity retention of 89% and high rate capability.

scholarly journals The Stable 3D Zn Electrode for High-Power Density Zn Metal Batteries

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yun Guang Zhu ◽  
Thaneer Malai Narayanan ◽  
Yukihisa Katayama ◽  
Yang Shao-horn
Keyword(s):  
Ionic Liquid ◽  
Vinylidene Fluoride ◽  
High Surface ◽  
Gel Polymer Electrolyte ◽  
High Surface Area ◽  
Rate Capability ◽  
Metal Electrode ◽  
Cycle Life ◽  
High Rate ◽  
Film Electrode

Abstract A stable Zn metal electrode can develop rechargeable zinc metal batteries (RZMBs) which have the high theoretical capacity (820 mAh/g), low redox potential, and intrinsic safety. However, the corrosion of Zn metal in aqueous electrolytes and Zn dendrite formation during the plating process leads to poor cycling and thus hinders the development of RZMBs. Here, we employed ionic liquid-based gel polymer (poly(vinylidene fluoride)-co-hexafluoropropylene, PVDF-HFP) and acetylene black (AB) to achieve a stable and flexible three-dimensional (3D) Zn/AB/PVDF-HFP film electrode with ionic and electronic conductive networks and high surface area, showing 26 times higher plating/stripping current than planar Zn plate. By developing a continuous structure between the ionic liquid-based gel polymer membrane and the flexible 3D Zn/AB/PVDF-HFP electrode, the low resistance, high rate capability and long cycle life (> 800 h) was obtained. Our work shows a flexible Zn film electrode and ionic liquid-based gel polymer electrolyte, could pave the path for rechargeable and high-cycle life thin-film RZMBs.

scholarly journals High Surface Area Nanoporous Graphitic Carbon Materials Derived from Lapsi Seed with Enhanced Supercapacitance

Nanomaterials ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (4) ◽  
pp. 728 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lok Kumar Shrestha ◽  
Rekha Goswami Shrestha ◽  
Subrata Maji ◽  
Bhadra P. Pokharel ◽  
Rinita Rajbhandari ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Surface Area ◽  
Current Density ◽  
Electrode Materials ◽  
Carbon Materials ◽  
High Surface ◽  
High Surface Area ◽  
Graphitic Carbon ◽  
High Rate ◽  
Surface Areas ◽  
Nanoporous Carbon Materials

Nanoporous activated carbon materials derived from agro-wastes could be suitable low-cost electrode materials for high-rate performance electrochemical supercapacitors. Here we report high surface area nanoporous carbon materials derived from Lapsi seed agro-waste prepared by zinc chloride (ZnCl2) activation at 700 °C. Powder X-ray diffraction (pXRD) and Raman scattering confirmed the amorphous structure of the resulting carboniferous materials, which also incorporate oxygen-containing functional groups as confirmed by Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy. Scanning and transmission electron microscopy (SEM and TEM) analyses revealed the granular, nanoporous structures of the materials. High-resolution TEM (HR-TEM) confirmed a graphitic carbon structure containing interconnected mesopores. Surface areas and pore volumes of the materials were found, respectively, in the ranges from 931 to 2272 m2 g−1 and 0.998 to 2.845 cm3 g−1, and are thus superior to commercially available activated carbons. High surface areas, large pore volumes and interconnected mesopore structures of these Lapsi seed-derived nanoporous carbon materials lead to their excellent electrochemical supercapacitance performance in aqueous electrolyte (1 M H2SO4) with a maximum specific capacitance of 284 F g−1 at a current density of 1 A g−1. Furthermore, the electrodes showed high-rate capability sustaining 67.7% capacity retention even at high current density of 20 A g−1 with excellent cycle stability achieving 99% capacitance retention even after 10,000 charge–discharge cycles demonstrating the potential of Lapsi seed derived nanoporous carbons as suitable electrode materials in high-performance supercapacitor devices.

scholarly journals Activated Carbon from Rice Husk Biochar with High Surface Area

2020 ◽  
Vol 11 (3) ◽  
pp. 10265-10277
Keyword(s):  
Activated Carbon ◽  
Surface Area ◽  
Rice Husk ◽  
Activated Carbons ◽  
Solid Phase ◽  
Chemical Activation ◽  
High Surface ◽  
High Surface Area ◽  
Array Detector ◽  
Functional Density Theory

Activated carbons derived from rice husk pyrolysis (biochar) were prepared by chemical activation at different biochar/K2CO3 proportions in order to assess its capacity as adsorbent. The activated material was characterized by X-ray diffraction (DRX), Raman spectroscopy, scanning electron microscopy (SEM), the Brunauer, Emmet, and Teller (BET) method. The Barret, Joyner, and Halenda (BJH) method and functional density theory (DFT), presenting interesting texture properties, such as high surface area (BET 1850 m2 g-1) and microporosity, which allow its use as a sorbent phase in solid-phase extraction (SPE) of the main constituents of the aqueous pyrolysis phase. It was demonstrated that the activated carbon (RH-AC) adsorbs different compounds present in from rice husk pyrolysis wastewater through quantitative analysis by high-performance liquid chromatography with a diode-array detector (HPLC-DAD), presenting good linearity (R2 > 0.996) at 280 nm.

Production of High Surface Area Activated Carbon from Coconut Husk

2014 ◽  
Vol 1644 ◽  
Author(s):  
Paul R. Armstrong ◽  
Zachary J. Morchesky ◽  
Dustin T. Hess ◽  
Kofi W. Adu ◽  
David. K. Essumang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Activated Carbon ◽  
Surface Area ◽  
Activated Carbons ◽  
Raw Materials ◽  
Chemical Activation ◽  
High Surface ◽  
Waste Product ◽  
High Surface Area ◽  
Coconut Husk ◽  
Porosity Analysis

ABSTRACTWe present preliminary results on a processing protocol by chemical activation that transforms organic waste product such as coconut husk into high surface area activated carbon. Dried raw materials of the coconut husk were carbonized anaerobically into char. The char was impregnated with KOH of different ratios and were activated at 800°C and 900°C. The transmission electron microscope was used to acquire structural and morphological information of the activated carbon, and the surface area and porosity analysis were performed using Micromeritics ASAP 2020 analyzer. The activated carbons show both micropores and mesopores with specific surface area as high as 2900m2/g.

Preparation and Electrochemical Characterization of an Activated Carbon Material of High Surface Area for Supercapacitor

2012 ◽  
Vol 463-464 ◽  
pp. 410-414 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jing Li ◽  
Xiao Dong Zhao
Keyword(s):  
Activated Carbon ◽  
Specific Capacitance ◽  
Surface Area ◽  
Carbon Material ◽  
Chemical Activation ◽  
High Surface ◽  
High Surface Area ◽  
High Specific Capacitance ◽  
Carbon Electrode ◽  
Equivalent Series Resistance

A low-cost organic compound mainly comprising of polyarylate was selected as precursor and a chemical activation method was used to prepare an activated carbon material of large surface area, with which the activated carbon electrodes of high specific capacitance were fabricated for supercapacitor. Impact of activating temperature on the specific capacitance of activated carbon electrode was studied, the relationship between the pore structure, surface area and specific capacitance of activated carbon electrode were discussed. The specific capacitance and ESR (equivalent series resistance ) of the electrode fabricated with the activated carbon prepared at 700°C is 211F.g-1 and 0.2Ω/cm2 in hydrous electrolyte and the 122F/g and 1Ω/cm2 in orgnic electrolyte respectively. Because of the different ion diameter in orgnic and hydrous electrolyte, activated electrode show different electrochemical behavior in cyclic voltammetry examinations.

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