scholarly journals Served Well? A Pilot Field Study on the Effects of Conveying Self-control Strategies on Volleyball Service Performance

2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (9) ◽  
pp. 93 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bieleke ◽  
Kriech ◽  
Wolff
Keyword(s):  
Field Study ◽  
Control Strategies ◽  
Recovery Period ◽  
Adjustment Costs ◽  
Service Performance ◽  
Self Control ◽  
Warm Up ◽  
Goal Condition ◽  
Objective Performance ◽  
Performance Development

Volleyball serves constitute an important example for a self-controlled sequence of actions in sports that is difficult to improve. It is therefore paramount to investigate whether and how conveying self-control strategies to athletes affects their service performance. To address this question, we conducted a pilot field study with sixty-two players from four Swiss volleyball schools. They performed a warm-up and subsequently a first series of 15 serves. Objective service performance was measured in terms of errors, velocity, and precision. Afterwards, players formulated either individual goals (goal condition) or plans (plan condition) based on their coaches' correction instructions. In a second series of 15 serves objective performance was worse in some respects compared to the first series (i.e., more errors in the plan condition, reduced precision in both conditions). Mixed-effects analyses of performance development across conditions in the second series showed initially reduced but steadily recouping precision and velocity, while the number of errors stayed constant. In contrast to the objective performance, coaches evaluated their players' service performance during the second series of serves as substantially better than during the first series. Taken together, the results of this pilot field study suggest that conveying either goals or plans as self-control strategies may involve initial adjustment costs followed by a subsequent recovery period.

scholarly journals Influence of Warm-Up Music Preference on Anaerobic Exercise Performance in Division I NCAA Female Athletes

2021 ◽  
Vol 6 (3) ◽  
pp. 64
Author(s):  
Corinne E. Meglic ◽  
Caroline M. Orman ◽  
Rebecca R. Rogers ◽  
Tyler D. Williams ◽  
Christopher G. Ballmann
Keyword(s):  
Perceived Exertion ◽  
Female Athletes ◽  
Recovery Period ◽  
Collegiate Athletes ◽  
Anaerobic Exercise ◽  
Division I ◽  
Total Work ◽  
Active Recovery ◽  
Mean Power ◽  
Warm Up

The purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of listening to preferred versus non-preferred warm-up music on anaerobic sprint performance in Division I NCAA female athletes. Female collegiate athletes (n = 14) were recruited for this study. In a counterbalanced, crossover study design, participants completed two separate visits, each with a different warm-up music condition: preferred (Pref) or non-preferred (Non-pref). During each visit, participants completed a 3 min standardized cycling warm-up at 50 Watts while listening to Pref or Non-pref music. Following this, participants completed 3 × 15 s Wingate Anaerobic Tests (WAnTs) with a 2 min active recovery period in between tests. Motivation to exercise was measured immediately following the warm-up (WU), WAnT1, WAnT2, and WAnT3. The rate of perceived exertion (RPE) was also measured after each WAnT. Each visit was separated by a minimal recovery period of 48 h. Mean power, total work, RPE, and motivation were analyzed. Mean power (p = 0.044; d = 0.91) and total work (p = 0.045; d = 0.78) were significantly higher during the Pref music condition versus Non-pref. RPE remained unchanged regardless of condition (p = 0.536; d = 0.01). Motivation was significantly higher with Pref warm-up music compared to Non-pref (p < 0.001; d = 1.55). These results show that listening to Pref warm-up music has an ergogenic benefit during repeated sprints in comparison to Non-pref music and improves motivation to exercise. Listening to warm-up music prior to high-intensity repeated exercise may aid in optimizing performance and training in collegiate athletes.

scholarly journals Resisting Everything except Temptation: Evidence and an Explanation for Domain–specific Impulsivity

2012 ◽  
Vol 26 (3) ◽  
pp. 318-334 ◽  
Author(s):  
Eli Tsukayama ◽  
Angela Lee Duckworth ◽  
Betty Kim
Keyword(s):  
Interpersonal Relationships ◽  
Control Strategies ◽  
Self Control ◽  
Self Report ◽  
Special Interest Groups ◽  
Target Domain ◽  
Domain Specific ◽  
Impulsive Behaviour ◽  
Report Measure

We propose a model of impulsivity that predicts both domain–general and domain–specific variance in behaviours that produce short–term gratification at the expense of long–term goals and standards. Specifically, we posit that domain–general impulsivity is explained by domain–general self–control strategies and resources, whereas domain–specific impulsivity is explained by how tempting individuals find various impulsive behaviours, and to a lesser extent, in perceptions of their long–term harm. Using a novel self–report measure, factor analyses produced six (non–exhaustive) domains of impulsive behaviour (Studies 1–2): work, interpersonal relationships, drugs, food, exercise and finances. Domain–general self–control explained 40% of the variance in domain–general impulsive behaviour between individuals, reffect = .71. Domain–specific temptation ( reffect = .83) and perceived harm ( reffect = −.26) explained 40% and 2% of the unique within–individual variance in impulsive behaviour, respectively (59% together). In Study 3, we recruited individuals in special interest groups (e.g. procrastinators) to confirm that individuals who are especially tempted by behaviours in their target domain are not likely to be more tempted in non–target domains. Copyright © 2011 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.

Activity before exercise influences recovery metabolism in the lizard Dipsosaurus dorsalis

2000 ◽  
Vol 203 (12) ◽  
pp. 1809-1815
Author(s):  
D.A. Scholnick ◽  
T.T. Gleeson
Keyword(s):  
Oxygen Consumption ◽  
Metabolic Rate ◽  
Blood Lactate ◽  
Recovery Period ◽  
Maximal Activity ◽  
Warm Up ◽  
Dipsosaurus Dorsalis ◽  
Rate Of Oxygen Consumption ◽  
Lactate Levels ◽  
Blood Lactate Levels

During recovery from even a brief period of exercise, metabolic rate remains elevated above resting levels for extended periods. The intensity and duration of exercise as well as body temperature and hormone levels can influence this excess post-exercise oxygen consumption (EPOC). We examined the influence of activity before exercise (ABE), commonly termed warm-up in endotherms, on EPOC in the desert iguana Dipsosaurus dorsalis. The rate of oxygen consumption and blood lactate levels were measured in 11 female D. dorsalis (mass 41.1 +/− 3.0 g; mean +/− s.e.m.) during rest, after two types of ABE and after 5 min of exhaustive exercise followed by 60 min of recovery. ABE was either single (15 s of maximal activity followed by a 27 min pause) or intermittent (twelve 15 s periods of exercise separated by 2 min pauses). Our results indicate that both single and intermittent ABE reduced recovery metabolic rate. EPOC volumes decreased from 0.261 to 0.156 ml of oxygen consumed during 60 min of recovery when lizards were subjected to intermittent ABE. The average cost of activity (net V(O2) during exercise and 60 min of recovery per distance traveled) was almost 40 % greater in lizards that exercised without any prior activity than in lizards that underwent ABE. Blood lactate levels and removal rates were greatest in animals that underwent ABE. These findings may be of particular importance for terrestrial ectotherms that typically use burst locomotion and have a small aerobic scope and a long recovery period.

A Field Study on the Marine Environmental Impact of the Drilling Fluid’s Discharge

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Meirong Jiang ◽  
Xiaohan He
Keyword(s):  
Field Study ◽  
Suspended Solids ◽  
Drilling Fluid ◽  
Primary Standard ◽  
Recovery Period ◽  
Recovery Phase ◽  
Petroleum Engineering ◽  
Environment Impact ◽  
Environmental Evaluation ◽  
Solids Concentration

Abstract In view of the inadequate research for the far-field effect of the drilling fluid’s discharge, a field study has been carried out to investigate the discharge impacts of a water-based fluid on the marine environment. According to an offshore oilfield exploitation project in Bohai Sea, the waste drilling fluid is discharged from pipes pointed vertically downward into the ocean. A relative large tracking range at distances up to 2,000 meters from the discharge point is determined in the light of the results from the previous study and the environment impact assessment report. The concentration of the suspended solids in different time, distances and depths are tracked and monitored by the field measurement. The suspended solids concentration and their distribution characteristics are analyzed from the different stations during the discharge and recovery phase and the contrast stations. From this field monitoring of the drilling fluid’s discharge, the average concentrations for the surface, middle and bottom layers are evenly distributed along the water depth. The maximum concentration of suspended solids monitored in the discharge and recovery period are smaller than that in the contrast station. Meanwhile, the average monitoring concentrations of suspended solids in the surface, middle and bottom layers during the discharge and recovery period are also all lower than the corresponding ones from the contrast station. Within the range of this monitoring, the discharged drilling fluid has been rapidly diluted and spread, and there is no phenomenon for the suspended solids concentration in excess of the primary standard. Therefore the monitoring results in the discharge and recovery period can be attributed to the natural fluctuation of the background value. In another word, the influence range of the drilling fluid’s discharge is no more than 200 meters under the current condition. This study can provide some practical reference for the environmental evaluation of the drilling fluid’s discharge in the offshore petroleum engineering.

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