scholarly journals Electroanalytical Overview: Electrochemical Sensing Platforms for Food and Drink Safety

Biosensors ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (8) ◽  
pp. 291
Author(s):  
Alejandro Garcia-Miranda Ferrari ◽  
Robert D. Crapnell ◽  
Craig E. Banks
Keyword(s):  
Low Cost ◽  
Analytical Techniques ◽  
Short Review ◽  
Electrochemical Sensing ◽  
Water Safety ◽  
Site Analysis ◽  
Sensor Platforms ◽  
Sensing Platforms ◽  
Biological Recognition ◽  
Food And Drink

Robust, reliable, and affordable analytical techniques are essential for screening and monitoring food and water safety from contaminants, pathogens, and allergens that might be harmful upon consumption. Recent advances in decentralised, miniaturised, and rapid tests for health and environmental monitoring can provide an alternative solution to the classic laboratory-based analytical techniques currently utilised. Electrochemical biosensors offer a promising option as portable sensing platforms to expedite the transition from laboratory benchtop to on-site analysis. A plethora of electroanalytical sensor platforms have been produced for the detection of small molecules, proteins, and microorganisms vital to ensuring food and drink safety. These utilise various recognition systems, from direct electrochemical redox processes to biological recognition elements such as antibodies, enzymes, and aptamers; however, further exploration needs to be carried out, with many systems requiring validation against standard benchtop laboratory-based techniques to offer increased confidence in the sensing platforms. This short review demonstrates that electroanalytical biosensors already offer a sensitive, fast, and low-cost sensor platform for food and drink safety monitoring. With continued research into the development of these sensors, increased confidence in the safety of food and drink products for manufacturers, policy makers, and end users will result.

scholarly journals Recent advances in portable heavy metal electrochemical sensing platforms

2020 ◽  
Vol 6 (10) ◽  
pp. 2676-2690 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alejandro García-Miranda Ferrari ◽  
Paul Carrington ◽  
Samuel J. Rowley-Neale ◽  
Craig E. Banks
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metal ◽  
Electrochemical Sensor ◽  
Electrochemical Sensing ◽  
Eu Regulation ◽  
Sensor Platforms ◽  
Recent Advances ◽  
Sensing Platforms

This Review explores the parameters to be engineered to design in situ electrochemical sensor platforms capable of meeting new EU regulation.

scholarly journals Determination of Folic Acid Using Biosensors—A Short Review of Recent Progress

Sensors ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (10) ◽  
pp. 3360
Author(s):  
Alessio Di Tinno ◽  
Rocco Cancelliere ◽  
Laura Micheli
Keyword(s):  
Folic Acid ◽  
Biological Fluid ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Analytical Techniques ◽  
Short Review ◽  
Electrochemical Determination ◽  
Water Soluble ◽  
Methylation Of Dna ◽  
Vitamin B9

Folic acid (FA) is the synthetic surrogate of the essential B vitamin folate, alternatively named folacin, pteroylglutamic acid or vitamin B9. FA is an electroactive compound that helps our body to create and keep our cells healthy: it acts as the main character in a variety of synthetic biological reactions such as the synthesis of purines, pyrimidine (thus being indirectly implied in DNA synthesis), fixing and methylation of DNA. Therefore, physiological folate deficiency may be responsible for severe degenerative conditions, including neural tube defects in developing embryos and megaloblastic anaemia at any age. Moreover, being a water-soluble molecule, it is constantly lost and has to be reintegrated daily; for this reason, FA supplements and food fortification are, nowadays, extremely diffused and well-established practices. Consequently, accurate, reliable and precise analytical techniques are needed to exactly determine FA concentration in various media. Thus, the aim of this review is to report on research papers of the past 5 years (2016–2020) dealing with rapid and low-cost electrochemical determination of FA in food or biological fluid samples.

scholarly journals The electrochemical detection of bioterrorism agents: a review of the detection, diagnostics, and implementation of sensors in biosafety programs for Class A bioweapons

2021 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Connor O’Brien ◽  
Kathleen Varty ◽  
Anna Ignaszak
Keyword(s):  
Health Systems ◽  
Electrochemical Detection ◽  
Economic Burden ◽  
Limit Of Detection ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Electrochemical Sensing ◽  
The Past ◽  
Class A ◽  
Sensing Platforms ◽  
Rapid Generation

AbstractDuring the past year, disease has shown us the iron grip it can hold over a population of people. Health systems can be overwhelmed, economies can be brought into recession, and many people can be harmed or killed. When weaponized, diseases can be manipulated to create a detriment to health while becoming an economic burden on any society. It is consequently prudent that easy detection of bioweapons is available to governments for protecting their people. Electrochemical sensing displays many distinct advantages, such as its low limit of detection, low cost to run, rapid generation of results, and in many instances portability. We therefore present a wide array of electrochemical sensing platforms currently being fabricated, a brief summary of Class A bioweapons, and the potential future of bioweapon detection and biosafety.

scholarly journals Bio- and Biomimetic Receptors for Electrochemical Sensing of Heavy Metal Ions

Sensors ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 20 (23) ◽  
pp. 6800
Author(s):  
Angela Maria Stortini ◽  
Maria Antonietta Baldo ◽  
Giulia Moro ◽  
Federico Polo ◽  
Ligia Maria Moretto
Keyword(s):  
Inductively Coupled Plasma ◽  
High Performance ◽  
Electrochemical Sensors ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Environmental Pollutants ◽  
Analytical Techniques ◽  
High Sensitivity ◽  
Electrochemical Sensing ◽  
Anthropogenic Sources ◽  
Analytical Tools

Heavy metals ions (HMI), if not properly handled, used and disposed, are a hazard for the ecosystem and pose serious risks for human health. They are counted among the most common environmental pollutants, mainly originating from anthropogenic sources, such as agricultural, industrial and/or domestic effluents, atmospheric emissions, etc. To face this issue, it is necessary not only to determine the origin, distribution and the concentration of HMI but also to rapidly (possibly in real-time) monitor their concentration levels in situ. Therefore, portable, low-cost and high performing analytical tools are urgently needed. Even though in the last decades many analytical tools and methodologies have been designed to this aim, there are still several open challenges. Compared with the traditional analytical techniques, such as atomic absorption/emission spectroscopy, inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry and/or high-performance liquid chromatography coupled with electrochemical or UV–VIS detectors, bio- and biomimetic electrochemical sensors provide high sensitivity, selectivity and rapid responses within portable and user-friendly devices. In this review, the advances in HMI sensing in the last five years (2016–2020) are addressed. Key examples of bio and biomimetic electrochemical, impedimetric and electrochemiluminescence-based sensors for Hg2+, Cu2+, Pb2+, Cd2+, Cr6+, Zn2+ and Tl+ are described and discussed.

scholarly journals A Short Review on Electrochemical Sensing of Commercial Dyes in Real Samples Using Carbon Paste Electrodes

Electrochem ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
pp. 274-294
Author(s):  
Isha Soni ◽  
Pankaj Kumar ◽  
Shruti Sharma ◽  
Gururaj Kudur Jayaprakash
Keyword(s):  
Low Cost ◽  
Short Review ◽  
Food Samples ◽  
Soft Drinks ◽  
Electrochemical Sensing ◽  
Synthetic Dyes ◽  
Carbon Paste ◽  
Real Samples ◽  
Carbon Paste Electrodes ◽  
Current Review

Synthetic dyes are commonly used in food products like soft drinks, vegetable sauces, jellies, etc. Most artificial dyes can cause cancer, therefore it is very important to develop sensors to detect them in food samples. Voltammetric methods with carbon paste electrodes (CPEs) are promising for this purpose. However, modification of CPEs is necessary to detect the commercial dyes in food samples in the presence of interferents. In the current review, we have discussed the different previous research in which detection of dyes is performed in real samples with good detection limits. The current review will be helpful for readers who are interested in developing low-cost electrodes for the effective determination of dyes in commercial products like soft drinks and vegetable sauces.

A Short Review on Structural Equation Modeling: Applications and Future Research Directions

2015 ◽  
Vol 4 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Surajit Bag
Keyword(s):  
Structural Equation Modeling ◽  
Structural Equation ◽  
First Generation ◽  
Analytical Techniques ◽  
Short Review ◽  
Equation Modeling ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Multivariate Techniques ◽  
Statistical Efficiency ◽  
Future Research Directions

The application of multivariate techniques is mainly to expand the researchers explanatory ability and statistical efficiency. The first generation analytical techniques share a common limitation i.e. each technique can examine only a single relationship at a time. Structural Equation Modeling, an extension of several multivariate techniques is the technique popularly used today can examine a series of dependence relationships simultaneously. The purpose of this study is to provide a short review on Structural Equation Modeling (SEM) being used in social sciences research. A comprehensive literature review of article appearing in top journals is conducted in order to identify how often SEM theory is used. Also the key SEM steps have been provided offering potential researchers with a theoretical supported systematic approach that simplify the multiple options with performing SEM.

scholarly journals Electroanalytical Techniques for the Detection of Selenium as a Biologically and Environmentally Significant Analyte—A Short Review

Molecules ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 26 (6) ◽  
pp. 1768
Author(s):  
Miroslav Rievaj ◽  
Eva Culková ◽  
Damiána Šandorová ◽  
Zuzana Lukáčová-Chomisteková ◽  
Renata Bellová ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Essential Element ◽  
Analytical Techniques ◽  
High Sensitivity ◽  
Stripping Voltammetry ◽  
Short Review ◽  
Electroanalytical Methods ◽  
High Concentrations ◽  
Speed Of Analysis

This short review deals with the properties and significance of the determination of selenium, which is in trace amounts an essential element for animals and humans, but toxic at high concentrations. It may cause oxidative stress in cells, which leads to the chronic disease called selenosis. Several analytical techniques have been developed for its detection, but electroanalytical methods are advantageous due to simple sample preparation, speed of analysis and high sensitivity of measurements, especially in the case of stripping voltammetry very low detection limits even in picomoles per liter can be reached. A variety of working electrodes based on mercury, carbon, silver, platinum and gold materials were applied to the analysis of selenium in various samples. Only selenium in oxidation state + IV is electroactive therefore the most of voltammetric determinations are devoted to it. However, it is possible to detect also other forms of selenium by indirect electrochemistry approach.

scholarly journals Molecularly Imprinted Polymers Combined with Electrochemical Sensors for Food Contaminants Analysis

Molecules ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 26 (15) ◽  
pp. 4607
Author(s):  
Dounia Elfadil ◽  
Abderrahman Lamaoui ◽  
Flavio Della Pelle ◽  
Aziz Amine ◽  
Dario Compagnone
Keyword(s):  
Food Safety ◽  
Molecularly Imprinted Polymers ◽  
Electrochemical Sensors ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Electrochemical Analysis ◽  
Ease Of Use ◽  
Electrochemical Sensing ◽  
Food Contaminants ◽  
Molecularly Imprinted ◽  
Imprinted Polymers

Detection of relevant contaminants using screening approaches is a key issue to ensure food safety and respect for the regulatory limits established. Electrochemical sensors present several advantages such as rapidity; ease of use; possibility of on-site analysis and low cost. The lack of selectivity for electrochemical sensors working in complex samples as food may be overcome by coupling them with molecularly imprinted polymers (MIPs). MIPs are synthetic materials that mimic biological receptors and are produced by the polymerization of functional monomers in presence of a target analyte. This paper critically reviews and discusses the recent progress in MIP-based electrochemical sensors for food safety. A brief introduction on MIPs and electrochemical sensors is given; followed by a discussion of the recent achievements for various MIPs-based electrochemical sensors for food contaminants analysis. Both electropolymerization and chemical synthesis of MIP-based electrochemical sensing are discussed as well as the relevant applications of MIPs used in sample preparation and then coupled to electrochemical analysis. Future perspectives and challenges have been eventually given.

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