scholarly journals Ectopic Expression of Glycine max GmNAC109 Enhances Drought Tolerance and ABA Sensitivity in Arabidopsis

Biomolecules ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (11) ◽  
pp. 714 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nguyen ◽  
Hoang ◽  
Nguyen ◽  
Binh ◽  
Watanabe ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Glycine Max ◽  
Drought Tolerance ◽  
Water Deficit ◽  
Ectopic Expression ◽  
Wild Type ◽  
Aba Sensitivity ◽  
Leaf Tissues ◽  
Early Seedling ◽  
Early Seedling Development ◽  
Higher Sensitivity

The NAC (NAM, ATAF1/2, CUC2) transcription factors are widely known for their various functions in plant development and stress tolerance. Previous studies have demonstrated that genetic engineering can be applied to enhance drought tolerance via overexpression/ectopic expression of NAC genes. In the present study, the dehydration- and drought-inducible GmNAC109 from Glycine max was ectopically expressed in Arabidopsis (GmNAC109-EX) plants to study its biological functions in mediating plant adaptation to water deficit conditions. Results revealed an improved drought tolerance in the transgenic plants, which displayed greater recovery rates by 20% to 54% than did the wild-type plants. In support of this finding, GmNAC109-EX plants exhibited lower water loss rates and decreased endogenous hydrogen peroxide production in leaf tissues under drought, as well as higher sensitivity to exogenous abscisic acid (ABA) treatment at germination and early seedling development stages. In addition, analyses of antioxidant enzymes indicated that GmNAC109-EX plants possessed stronger activities of superoxide dismutase and catalase under drought stress. These results together demonstrated that GmNAC109 acts as a positive transcriptional regulator in the ABA-signaling pathway, enabling plants to cope with adverse water deficit conditions.

The regulation of post-germinative transition from the cotyledon- to vegetative-leaf stages by microRNA-targeted SQUAMOSA PROMOTER-BINDING PROTEIN LIKE13 in Arabidopsis

2010 ◽  
Vol 20 (2) ◽  
pp. 89-96 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ruth C. Martin ◽  
Masashi Asahina ◽  
Po-Pu Liu ◽  
Jessica R. Kristof ◽  
Jennifer L. Coppersmith ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Binding Protein ◽  
Leaf Primordium ◽  
Mutant Form ◽  
Wild Type ◽  
Cotyledon Stage ◽  
Squamosa Promoter Binding Protein ◽  
Early Seedling ◽  
Early Seedling Development ◽  
Vegetative Leaf

AbstractGermination and early seedling development are critical for successful stand establishment of plants. Following germination, the cotyledons, which are derived from embryonic tissue, emerge from the seed. Arabidopsis seedlings at post-germinative stages are supported mainly by the supply of nutrition from the cotyledons until vegetative leaves emerge and initiate photosynthesis. The switch to autotrophic growth is a significant transition at the post-germinative stage. Here, we provide evidence that down-regulation of SQUAMOSA PROMOTER-BINDING PROTEIN LIKE13 (SPL13) by microRNA156 (miR156) plays an important role in the regulation of the post-germinative switch from the cotyledon stage to the vegetative-leaf stage. Silent mutations created in the SPL13 sequence in the region that is complementary to the miR156 sequence caused the deregulation of the mutant form of SPL13 (mSPL13) mRNA from miR156. Mutant seedlings over-accumulated miRNA-resistant messages and exhibited a delay in the emergence of vegetative leaves compared to wild-type seedlings. The delay was not observed in control transgenic plants expressing non-mutated SPL13, indicating that the phenotype was caused specifically by the silent mutations and deregulation of SPL13 from miR156. Characterization of the SPL13 promoter indicated that this gene is expressed mainly in the hypocotyl and affects leaf primordium development. These results suggest that the repression of SPL13 by miR156 is essential for normal post-germinative growth in Arabidopsis.

scholarly journals Overexpressing the WRKY transcription factor OsWRKY97 improves drought tolerance in rice

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Miaomiao lv ◽  
Dejia Hou ◽  
Taozhi Ye ◽  
Lin Zhang ◽  
Jiangbo Fan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Transcription Factor ◽  
Drought Stress ◽  
Drought Tolerance ◽  
Wrky Transcription Factor ◽  
Wild Type ◽  
Stress Protection ◽  
Oxygen Scavenging ◽  
Enzyme Superoxide Dismutase ◽  
Reduced Water ◽  
Higher Sensitivity

Abstract Background: WRKY transcription factor (TF) is one of the largest TF families in plants and plays an important role in plant development and stress protection. However, the function of individual WRKY gene in plants are still under investigation. Here, we identified a new member of WRKY TF family, OsWRKY97 , and analyze its role in stress resistance by using a series of transgenic plant lines.Results: OsWRKY97 , which positively regulates drought tolerance in rice. OsWRKY97 was expressed in all examined tissues and could be induced by various abiotic stresses. OsWRKY97 is located in the nucleus. Compared with the wild-type (WT), OsWRKY97 -overexpressing (OE) plants enhanced the tolerance of rice to drought and osmotic stress. In addition, OE plants also showed higher sensitivity to exogenous abscisic acid (ABA). When exposed to drought stress, up-regulation OsWRKY97 increased the accumulation of ABA and reduced water loss. Furthermore, OE plants achieved higher proline content and reduced levels of malondialdehyde (MDA) and reactive oxygen species (ROS). The homeostasis of ROS was maintained via the activity of active oxygen scavenging enzyme, superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT) and peroxidase (POD), activated by OsWRKY97Conclusions: These results indicate that OsWRKY97 plays a crucial role in the response to drought stress and may possess high potential value in improving drought tolerance in rice.

scholarly journals Ectopic expression of GmNHX3 and GmNHX1, encoding two Glycine max Na+/H+ vacuolar antiporters, improves water deficit tolerance in Arabidopsis thaliana

2021 ◽  
Vol 65 ◽  
pp. 157-166
Author(s):  
E.M. PARDO ◽  
L. TOUM ◽  
L.S. PÉREZ-BORROTO ◽  
L. FLEITAS ◽  
J.P. GALLINO ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Arabidopsis Thaliana ◽  
Glycine Max ◽  
Water Deficit ◽  
Ectopic Expression

A regulatory role for the ABI3 gene in the establishment of embryo maturation in Arabidopsis thaliana

Development ◽  
1995 ◽  
Vol 121 (3) ◽  
pp. 629-636 ◽  
Author(s):  
E. Nambara ◽  
E. Nambara ◽  
P. McCourt ◽  
S. Naito
Keyword(s):  
Abscisic Acid ◽  
Gene Product ◽  
Developmental State ◽  
Seedling Development ◽  
Leaf Primordia ◽  
Xylem Differentiation ◽  
Embryo Maturation ◽  
Wild Type ◽  
Early Seedling ◽  
Early Seedling Development

The ABI3 gene product of Arabidopsis is essential for correct completion of seed maturation. A severe mutant allele at this locus results in seed that remain green, fail to establish desiccation tolerance, and that germinate at a developmental stage when wild-type seed will not. Moreover, the formation of leaf primordia and xylem differentiation, both characteristic of germinating wild-type seedlings, can be observed in embryos harvested 12 days after flowering. Thus, mature abi3 embryos reach a developmental state that more closely resembles the character of a developing seedling rather than that of a dormant embryo. Previous studies of this gene have resulted in the suggestion that ABI3 is a transducer of abscisic acid induced seed dormancy. Our results demonstrate that the ABI3 gene product can be most accurately described as one of the major regulators of the transition between embryo maturation and early seedling development, rather than simply a transducer of the abscisic acid signal.

scholarly journals Cytosolic CTP Production Limits the Establishment of Photosynthesis in Arabidopsis

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Leo Bellin ◽  
Vanessa Scherer ◽  
Eva Dörfer ◽  
Anne Lau ◽  
Alexandre Magno Vicente ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Plastid Dna ◽  
Photosynthetic Performance ◽  
Limiting Factor ◽  
Knock Out ◽  
Chlorophyll Accumulation ◽  
Early Seedling ◽  
Low Levels ◽  
Essential Enzyme ◽  
Early Seedling Development ◽  
Higher Sensitivity

CTP synthases (CTPS) comprise a protein family of the five members CTPS1-CTPS5 in Arabidopsis, all located in the cytosol. Specifically, downregulation of CTPS2 by amiRNA technology results in plants with defects in chlorophyll accumulation and photosynthetic performance early in development. CTP and its deoxy form dCTP are present at low levels in developing seedlings. Thus, under conditions of fast proliferation, the synthesis of CTP (dCTP) can become a limiting factor for RNA and DNA synthesis. The higher sensitivity of ami-CTPS2 lines toward the DNA-Gyrase inhibitor ciprofloxacin, together with reduced plastid DNA copy number and 16S and 23S chloroplast ribosomal RNA support this view. High expression and proposed beneficial biochemical features render CTPS2 the most important isoform for early seedling development. In addition, CTPS2 was identified as an essential enzyme in embryo development before, as knock-out mutants were embryo lethal. In line with this, ami-CTPS2 lines also exhibited reduced seed numbers per plant.

scholarly journals Zinc Seed Priming Improves Spinach Germination at Low Temperature

Agriculture ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (3) ◽  
pp. 271
Author(s):  
Muhammad Imran ◽  
Asim Mahmood ◽  
Günter Neumann ◽  
Birte Boelt
Keyword(s):  
Low Temperature ◽  
Temperature Stress ◽  
Multispectral Imaging ◽  
Germination Rate ◽  
Cost Effective ◽  
Seed Priming ◽  
Seedling Development ◽  
Low Temperature Stress ◽  
Early Seedling ◽  
Early Seedling Development

Low temperature during germination hinders germination speed and early seedling development. Zn seed priming is a useful and cost-effective tool to improve germination rate and resistance to low temperature stress during germination and early seedling development. Spinach was tested to improve germination and seedling development with Zn seed priming under low temperature stress conditions. Zn priming increased seed Zn concentration up to 48 times. The multispectral imaging technique with VideometerLab was used as a non-destructive method to differentiate unprimed, water- and Zn-primed spinach seeds successfully. Localization of Zn in the seeds was studied using the 1,5-diphenyl thiocarbazone (DTZ) dying technique. Active translocation of primed Zn in the roots of young seedlings was detected with laser confocal microscopy. Zn priming of spinach seeds at 6 mM Zn showed a significant increase in germination rate and total germination under low temperature at 8 °C.

scholarly journals Analysis of maxillopedia Expression Pattern and Larval Cuticular Phenotype in Wild-Type and Mutant Tribolium

Genetics ◽  
2000 ◽  
Vol 155 (2) ◽  
pp. 721-731 ◽  
Author(s):  
Teresa D Shippy ◽  
Jianhua Guo ◽  
Susan J Brown ◽  
Richard W Beeman ◽  
Robin E Denell
Keyword(s):  
Rna Interference ◽  
Expression Pattern ◽  
Tribolium Castaneum ◽  
Expression Patterns ◽  
Ectopic Expression ◽  
Homeotic Gene ◽  
Wild Type ◽  
Double Stranded Rna ◽  
Similar Expression ◽  
Mutant Phenotypes

Abstract The Tribolium castaneum homeotic gene maxillopedia (mxp) is the ortholog of Drosophila proboscipedia (pb). Here we describe and classify available mxp alleles. Larvae lacking all mxp function die soon after hatching, exhibiting strong transformations of maxillary and labial palps to legs. Hypomorphic mxp alleles produce less severe transformations to leg. RNA interference with maxillopedia double-stranded RNA results in phenocopies of mxp mutant phenotypes ranging from partial to complete transformations. A number of gain-of-function (GOF) mxp alleles have been isolated based on transformations of adult antennae and/or legs toward palps. Finally, we have characterized the mxp expression pattern in wild-type and mutant embryos. In normal embryos, mxp is expressed in the maxillary and labial segments, whereas ectopic expression is observed in some GOF variants. Although mxp and Pb display very similar expression patterns, pb null embryos develop normally. The mxp mutant larval phenotype in Tribolium is consistent with the hypothesis that an ancestral pb-like gene had an embryonic function that was lost in the lineage leading to Drosophila.

scholarly journals Overexpression of the pitaya phosphoethanolamine N-methyltransferase gene (HpPEAMT) enhanced simulated drought stress in tobacco

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ai-Hua Wang ◽  
Lan Yang ◽  
Xin-Zhuan Yao ◽  
Xiao-Peng Wen
Keyword(s):  
Drought Stress ◽  
Stress Response ◽  
Transgenic Plants ◽  
Drought Tolerance ◽  
Transgenic Tobacco ◽  
Sequence Similarity ◽  
Amino Acid Sequence Similarity ◽  
Transgenic Tobacco Plants ◽  
Wild Type ◽  
Tobacco Plants

AbstractPhosphoethanolamine N-methyltransferase (PEAMTase) catalyzes the methylation of phosphoethanolamine to produce phosphocholine and plays an important role in the abiotic stress response. Although the PEAMT genes has been isolated from many species other than pitaya, its role in the drought stress response has not yet been fully elucidated. In the present study, we isolated a 1485 bp cDNA fragment of HpPEAMT from pitaya (Hylocereus polyrhizus). Phylogenetic analysis showed that, during its evolution, HpPEAMT has shown a high degree of amino acid sequence similarity with the orthologous genes in Chenopodiaceae species. To further investigate the function of HpPEAMT, we generated transgenic tobacco plants overexpressing HpPEAMT, and the transgenic plants accumulated significantly more glycine betaine (GB) than did the wild type (WT). Drought tolerance trials indicated that, compared with those of the wild-type (WT) plants, the roots of the transgenic plants showed higher drought tolerance ability and exhibited improved drought tolerance. Further analysis revealed that overexpression of HpPEAM in Nicotiana tabacum resulted in upregulation of transcript levels of GB biosynthesis-related genes (NiBADH, NiCMO and NiSDC) in the leaves. Furthermore, compared with the wild-type plants, the transgenic tobacco plants displayed a significantly lower malondialdehyde (MDA) accumulation and higher activities of the superoxide dismutase (SOD) and peroxidase (POD) antioxidant enzymes under drought stress. Taken together, our results suggested that HpPEAMT enhanced the drought tolerance of transgenic tobacco.

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