scholarly journals The Effect of Alendronate on Osteoclastogenesis in Different Combinations of M-CSF and RANKL Growth Factors

Biomolecules ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (3) ◽  
pp. 438
Author(s):  
Věra Hedvičáková ◽  
Radmila Žižková ◽  
Matěj Buzgo ◽  
Michala Rampichová ◽  
Eva Filová
Keyword(s):  
Cytotoxic Effect ◽  
Mononuclear Cells ◽  
Mevalonate Pathway ◽  
Human Peripheral Blood ◽  
Cell Formation ◽  
Carbonic Anhydrase Ii ◽  
Tartrate Resistant Acid Phosphatase ◽  
Actin Ring ◽  
Peripheral Blood Mononuclear ◽  
High Doses

Bisphosphonates (BPs) are compounds resembling the pyrophosphate structure. BPs bind the mineral component of bones. During the bone resorption by osteoclasts, nitrogen-containing BPs are released and internalized, causing an inhibition of the mevalonate pathway. As a consequence, osteoclasts are unable to execute their function. Alendronate (ALN) is a bisphosphonate used to treat osteoporosis. Its administration could be associated with adverse effects. The purpose of this study is to evaluate four different ALN concentrations, ranging from 10−6 to 10−10 M, in the presence of different combinations of M-CSF and RANKL, to find out the effect of low ALN concentrations on osteoclastogenesis using rat and human peripheral blood mononuclear cells. The cytotoxic effect of ALN was evaluated based on metabolic activity and DNA concentration measurement. The alteration in osteoclastogenesis was assessed by the activity of carbonic anhydrase II (CA II), tartrate-resistant acid phosphatase staining, and actin ring formation. The ALN concentration of 10−6 M was cytotoxic. Low ALN concentrations of 10−8 and 10−10 M promoted proliferation, osteoclast-like cell formation, and CA II activity. The results indicated the induction of osteoclastogenesis with low ALN concentrations. However, when high doses of ALN were administered, their cytotoxic effect was demonstrated.

Cell-cell fusion: human multinucleated osteoclasts

2009 ◽  
Vol 4 (4) ◽  
pp. 543-548 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zhi-Yong Zeng ◽  
Jun-Min Chen
Keyword(s):  
Cell Fusion ◽  
Mononuclear Cells ◽  
Human Peripheral Blood ◽  
Transmembrane Protein ◽  
Osteoclast Differentiation ◽  
Osteoclast Formation ◽  
Tartrate Resistant Acid Phosphatase ◽  
Peripheral Blood Mononuclear ◽  
Healthy Donors ◽  
Cell Cell

AbstractOsteoclasts are known to be formed by fusion of circulating mononuclear precursor cells which originate from haematopoietic stem cells. The precise mechanisms regulating the cell-cell fusion of these circulating cells to multinucleated osteoclasts remain unclear. In the present study, human peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMNCs) from healthy donors were treated with the macrophagecolony stimulating factor (M-CSF) and receptor activator of nuclear factor (NF)-κB ligand (RANKL) to induce osteoclast differentiation. Osteoclast formation and resorption activity were investigated through the use of tartrate-resistant acid phosphatase (TRAP) staining and lacunar resorption on dentine slices respectively. Real-time reverse-transcription polymerase chain reaction (PCR) was used to detect expression of dendritic cell-specific transmembrane protein (DC-STAMP) in these cells. The results showed that under the treatment of M-CSF and RANKL, PBMNCs differentiated into multinucleated osteoclasts through cell-cell fusion of mononucleated cells. These osteoclasts were TRAP positive and capable of resorbing the bone. Expression of DC-STAMP was much higher in the cells treated with both M-CSF and RANKL than those treated with M-CSF alone. We concluded that human PBMNCs might differentiate into active osteoclasts under certain conditions and the DC-STAMP, which is believed critical for osteoclast development, will be a possible therapeutic target for osteoclast related diseases in future.

scholarly journals In Vitro Evaluation of Colloidal Silver on Immune Function: Antilymphoproliferative Activity

2016 ◽  
Vol 2016 ◽  
pp. 1-8 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. A. Franco-Molina ◽  
E. Mendoza-Gamboa ◽  
D. G. Zarate-Triviño ◽  
E. E. Coronado-Cerda ◽  
J. M. Alcocer-González ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cytotoxic Effect ◽  
Mononuclear Cells ◽  
Human Peripheral Blood ◽  
Interleukin 2 ◽  
Colloidal Silver ◽  
Limited Information ◽  
Immunological Activity ◽  
Immunological Parameters ◽  
Peripheral Blood Mononuclear

Colloidal silver (AgC) is currently used by humans and it can be internalized through inhalation, injection, ingestion, and dermal contact. However, there is limited information about immunological activity; more investigations using colloidal silver are needed. In the present study, the effects of AgC (17.5 ng/mL) on immunological parameters (proliferation and immunophenotyping) using human peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC) and macrophages (phagocytosis) and cytotoxicity on leukemia and lymphoma cancer cell lines (1.75 to 17.5 ng/mL) were investigated. AgC was observed to significantly (p<0.05) decrease interleukin-2 (IL-2) production and proliferation induced by phytohemagglutinin or concanavalin A in PBMC without affecting its cell viability but with cytotoxic effect on cancer cells. IL-2, IL-4, IL-6, IL-10, INF-γ, and IL-17A cytokines production and CD3+, CD3−CD19+, CD3+CD4+, CD3+CD8+, and CD16+CD56+ PBMC phenotypes were not affected by AgC. The present study demonstrates that colloidal silver is harmless and nontoxic to the immune system cells and its ability to interfere with the immune response by decreasing cell proliferation when stimulated with mitogens demonstrated the antilymphoproliferative potential of AgC.

scholarly journals Purification and partial characterization of a high hemagglutinating chitin-binding lectin from Aponogeton natans tubers

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shashikanth Dara ◽  
Harikrishna Naik Lavudi ◽  
Venkateswara Rao ◽  
Nanibabu Badithi ◽  
Seshagirirao Kottapalli
Keyword(s):  
Molecular Weight ◽  
Cell Lines ◽  
Cytotoxic Effect ◽  
Mononuclear Cells ◽  
Human Peripheral Blood ◽  
Human Lymphocytes ◽  
Single Step ◽  
List Type ◽  
Peripheral Blood Mononuclear ◽  
Binding Lectin

AbstractA novel chitin-binding lectin was isolated from the tubers of a plant Aponogeton natans from the monocot family Aponogetonaceae, designated as ANTL (Aponogeton natans tuber lectin). The lectin agglutinated both untreated and trypsin-treated rabbit erythrocytes, as well as human blood cells of groups A, B and O with different specificities. Lectin activity is inhibited by the oligomers of N-acetylglucosamine. ANTL is a dimeric glycoprotein with molecular weight of ∼66 KDa and has two identical sub-units of 33 KDa. The carbohydrate percent is 8.2% of the total lectin. The lectin was thermo stable up to 50°C with broad pH optima (pH 4–10). ANTL is found to be potent mitogen for normal murine and human lymphocytes at the concentration as low as 1 µg/ml. Cytotoxic studies of the lectin on human U 266 cell lines has revealed that there is 50% decrease in the proliferation. The confirmation of both the hemagglutination and mitogenic proliferation activity suggests that ANTL is a Chitin-binding lectin with diverse functions. The pharmacological relevance of ANTL as a potent mitogen with some cytotoxic effect in certain cell lines are reported for the first time.HighlightsA novel chitin-binding lectin was purified from the tuber extracts of Aponogeton natans (ANTL) in a single step on chitin column by affinity chromatography.ANTL is a dimeric glycoprotein with a molecular weight of ∼66 KDa with high hemagglutination activity towards rabbit erythrocytes.The cytotoxic effect of ATNL on human cell lines U266 has shown 50 % inhibition of their proliferation.ANTL displayed potent mitogenic response towards murine and human peripheral blood mononuclear cells.

scholarly journals Influence of oncolytic strains of a new unclassified group of human rotaviruses on peripheral blood lymphocytes

2021 ◽  
Vol 2 (3) ◽  
pp. 23-30
Author(s):  
O. I. Kit ◽  
S. Yu. Filippova ◽  
S. V. Timofeeva ◽  
A. O. Sitkovskaya ◽  
E. Yu. Zlatnik ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cell Viability ◽  
Peripheral Blood Mononuclear Cells ◽  
Peripheral Blood ◽  
Cytotoxic Effect ◽  
Mononuclear Cells ◽  
Human Peripheral Blood ◽  
Living Cells ◽  
Peripheral Blood Mononuclear ◽  
Activation Markers ◽  
Blood Mononuclear Cells

Purpose of the study. Evaluation of the cytotoxic effect of strains RVK100 and RVK228 of a new unclassified group of human rotaviruses on human peripheral blood mononuclear cells in vitro.Materials and methods. As a material for the study, we used peripheral blood mononuclear cells of a healthy donor. The cells were exposed to two strains of rotaviruses RVK100 and RVK228 for 24 and 48 hours. The cytotoxicity of the tested viruses was assessed using the Colorimetric Cell Viability Kit I (WST-8) (PromoCell, Germany). Analysis of lymphocytes subpopulation composition was assessed on a FACSCantoII flow cytometer (BD, USA) using monoclonal antibodies to human antigens: CD3, CD4, CD8, CD16/56, CD19, CD45, CD38, HLA-DR.Results. According to the cell viability test, there was no significant decrease in the number of living cells in the samples with the addition of viruses in comparison with the control. On the contrary, after 48 hours of cultivation in the samples with the addition of RVK228, the number of living cells was significantly higher than in the control. The study of lymphocytes subpopulation composition showed a relative increase in the number of early activation markers on T cells in samples with viruses, which was also more pronounced in samples with the addition of RVK228.Conclusion. The investigated strains of rotaviruses have no cytotoxic effect on human peripheral blood mononuclear cells. Moreover, the RVK228 strain is likely to have the ability to activate lymphocytes.

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