scholarly journals Inhibition of Demineralization at Restoration Margins of Z100 and Tetric EvoCeram Bulk Fill in Dentin and Enamel

2019 ◽  
Vol 6 (2) ◽  
pp. 36
Author(s):  
Cristina Leon-Pineda ◽  
Kevin Donly
Keyword(s):  
Light Microscopy ◽  
Polarized Light ◽  
In Vitro Study ◽  
The Other ◽  
Solution Ph ◽  
Class V ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Student’S T ◽  
Student’S T Test

Recurrent caries is still considered the main reason restorations need to be replaced. There are different materials available now that promise to reduce the possibility of recurrent caries by releasing fluoride and inhibiting restoration marginal caries. The purpose of this in vitro study was to evaluate the demineralization inhibition potential of a non-fluoride-releasing resin (Z100TM 3M, St. Paul, MN, USA) and a glass containing resin-based composite (Tetric EvoCeram Bulk Fill, Ivoclar/Vivadent AG, Schaan, Liechtenstein), which contains fluoride. Class V preparations were placed on 22 premolars; the gingival margin was below the cementoenamel junction and the occlusal margin was placed above the cemento-enamel junction. Ten teeth were randomly selected to be restored with Z100 while the other 10 were restored with Tetric EvoCeram Bulk Fill. Both groups were restored following manufacturer’s instructions. All teeth had an acid resistant varnish placed within one millimeter of the preparation margins. Both groups were placed in artificial caries challenge solution (pH 4.4). At the end of the 4 days; 100 µm buccolingual sections were obtained for each tooth; these were photographed under polarized light microscopy and the demineralized areas adjacent to the restorations were measured and quantified. The mean (±S.D.) area (µm2) of demineralization from the occlusal margin (enamel) and dentin margin were: Z100 2781.889 ± 1045.213; 3960.455 ± 705.964 and for Tetric EvoCeram Bulk Fill 1541.545 ± 1167.027; 3027.600 ± 512.078. Student’s t-test indicated that there was significantly less enamel and dentin demineralization adjacent to Tetric EvoCeram Bulk Fill compared to Z100; there was significantly less demineralization in enamel compared to dentin in both Tetric EvoCeral Bulk Fill and Z100. Tetric EvoCeram Bulk Fill performed better inhibiting demineralization at restoration margins when compared to Z100 and provided better demineralization inhibition in enamel than cementum/dentin.

An in vitro Evaluation of Artificial Caries-like Lesions on Restored Overdenture Abutments

1988 ◽  
Vol 67 (3) ◽  
pp. 582-584 ◽  
Author(s):  
P.P. Kambhu ◽  
R.L. Ettinger ◽  
J.S. Wefel
Keyword(s):  
Light Microscopy ◽  
Polarized Light ◽  
Polarized Light Microscopy ◽  
The Other ◽  
Type Ii ◽  
Restorative Materials ◽  
Abutment Teeth ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Materials Used

An acidified dialyzed gelatin gel system was used to determine the caries resistance of a variety of restorative materials used to obturate the canal orifice of overdenture abutment teeth. The restorative materials used were Tytin, Tytin + Copalite, P30 + Scotchbond, Fuji Ionomer-Type II, and Miracle Mix. Polarized light microscopy and microradiography were used to examine the caries-like lesions adjacent to the restorations. The lesions formed in the Fuji Ionomer-Type II and Miracle Mix groups appeared arrested at the wall adjacent to the restoration, and did not penetrate apically down the wall as did those associated with the other restorative materials. The mean depths of lesions adjacent to Fuji Ionomer-Type II and Miracle Mix restorations were significantly less than those of Tytin, Tytin + Copalite, or P30 + Scotchbond.

Effect of Different Intermediary Bases on Microleakage of a Restorative Material in Class II Box Cavities of Primary Teeth

2017 ◽  
Vol 40 (2) ◽  
pp. 82-87 ◽  
Author(s):  
Faika Y. Abdelmegid ◽  
Fouad S. Salama ◽  
Waleed M. Al-Mutairi ◽  
Saud K. Al-Mutairi ◽  
Sultan O. Baghazal
Keyword(s):  
Primary Teeth ◽  
In Vitro Study ◽  
Class Ii ◽  
Positive Control ◽  
Negative Control ◽  
The Other ◽  
Control Groups ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
The Mean

Introduction The aim of this in vitro study was to assess and compare the effect of different intermediary bases on microleakage between tooth and a nanocomposite interface in Class II box cavities in primary teeth. Methods Standard Class II box cavities were prepared in 52 primary molars and randomly divided into 9 groups according to the intermediary base used (Multicore Flow, Fuji II LC, SDR, Smart Dentin Replacement, and Biodentine). All specimens were subjected to thermocycling and prepared for microleakage testing and evaluation. Results There was significant difference in the mean ranks of microleakage between the 9 groups, which was observed in the gingival side (p<0.0001) and the occlusal side (p<0.0001). The mean ranks microleakage was significantly higher with experimental SDR, experimental Multicore Flow, and positive control materials when compared with the other 6 groups. The microleakage mean ranks were statistically significantly lower in experimental Fuji II LC, experimental Biodentine, and all negative control groups when compared with the other 3 groups. Conclusions Microleakage is affected by the application of intermediate material. Experimental Biodentine and Fuji II LC showed the lowest microleakage while experimental SDR and experimental Multicore Flow showed the highest microleakage.

scholarly journals Influence of toothbrushing on enamel softening and abrasive wear of eroded bovine enamel: an in situ study

2006 ◽  
Vol 20 (2) ◽  
pp. 148-154 ◽  
Author(s):  
Daniela Rios ◽  
Heitor Marques Honório ◽  
Ana Carolina Magalhães ◽  
Marília Afonso Rabelo Buzalaf ◽  
Regina Guenka Palma-Dibb ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Abrasive Wear ◽  
The Other ◽  
In Situ Study ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Student’S T ◽  
Bovine Enamel ◽  
Enamel Layer ◽  
Student’S T Test

This study assessed the surface softening and abrasive wear of eroded bovine enamel with or without the influence of toothbrushing. Five volunteers took part in this in situ study of 5 days. They wore acrylic palatal appliances containing 6 bovine enamel blocks divided in two rows with 3 blocks, which corresponded to the studied groups: erosion without toothbrushing (GI) and erosion with toothbrushing (GII). The blocks were subjected to erosion by immersion of the appliances in a cola drink for 10 minutes, 4 times a day. After that, no treatment was performed in one row (GI), whereas the other row was brushed (GII). The appliance was then replaced into the mouth. Enamel alterations were determined using profilometry and microhardness tests. Data were tested using paired Student’s t test (p < 0.05). The mean wear values (µm) and percentage of superficial microhardness change (%SMHC) were respectively: GI - 2.77 ± 1.21/91.61 ± 3.68 and GII - 3.80 ± 0.91/58.77 ± 11.47. There was a significant difference in wear (p = 0.001) and %SMHC (p = 0.001) between the groups. It was concluded that the wear was more pronounced when associated to toothbrushing abrasion. However, toothbrushing promoted less %SMHC due to the removal of the altered superficial enamel layer.

78 INTERFERON-τ SECRETION OF CRYOPRESERVED BOVINE TROPHOBLASTIC VESICLES DERIVED FROM IN VIVO

2012 ◽  
Vol 24 (1) ◽  
pp. 151
Author(s):  
Y. Hashiyada ◽  
H. Takahashi ◽  
K. Imai ◽  
M. Geshi
Keyword(s):  
Continuous Culture ◽  
Culture Media ◽  
Calf Serum ◽  
Measure Concentration ◽  
Fetal Bovine ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Student’S T ◽  
Student’S T Test

The co-transfer of bovine trophoblastic vesicles (bTVs) prepared from in vivo recovered conceptuses is known to promote the successful implantation of embryos, which expected lower viability, through the effects of interferon-τ (IFN-τ) secreted by bTVs. We have reported that the pregnancy rate was improved for co-transferred embryos with frozen-thawed bTVs using the direct-transfer technique (Hashiyada et al. 2008, 41st SSR). However, the IFN-τ secretion level from cryopreserved bTVs is not well known. The objective of the present study was to measure concentration of IFN-τ released from frozen-thawed bTVs individually cultured in vitro. bTVs were prepared from elongating blastocysts 3 to 20 mm in length, following superstimulatory treatment and recovered on Day 16 post-AI, by dissection using a surgical blade. Each trophoblastic fragment, 1 to 1.5 mm in width, was cultured in a well of a 96-well plate using TCM-199 supplemented with 20% (v/v) fetal bovine serum and 0.1 mM β-mercaptoethanol. Formed vesicles after 24 or 48 h of culture were cryopreserved using D-PBS supplemented with 20% calf serum, 1.5 M ethylene glycol (EG) and 0.1 M sucrose or 1.8 M EG. After thawing, each bTVs was cultured for 2 days to compare IFN-τ secretion between the 2 cryoprotectants. Furthermore, transition of IFN-τ level was assessed in continuous culture until Day 10 (the day of thawing was defined as Day 0). The volume of culture medium was 100 μL well–1 day–1 until Day 2 and thereafter changed to 200 μL well–1 day–1 until termination. Exchange and collection of culture media were performed on Day 1, 2, 4, 6, 8 and 10. Collected culture media were stored at –30°C until use. IFN-τ was measured by RIA (Takahashi et al. 2005 Theriogenology 63, 1050–1060). Data were analysed by Student's t-test. Initial IFN-τ secretion from bTVs before cryopreservation did not differ between 24 and 48 h of culture period to form vesicles, 44.0 ± 2.9 (mean ± standard error of the mean, n = 64) and 52.8 ± 6.4 ng mL–1 (n = 27), respectively. IFN-τ secretion was no difference between the 1.5 M EG group and the 1.8 M EG group on Day 1 (41.2 ± 4.9 ng mL–1, n = 42 and 30.4 ± 2.2 ng mL–1, n = 31) and on Day 2 (38.0 ± 5.4 and 38.2 ± 4.5 ng mL–1), respectively. In the continuous culture group (n = 28), IFN-τ secretion tended to increase from Day 2 (25.2 ± 3.4 ng mL–1) to Day 4 (51.8 ± 12.3 ng mL–1) and 6 (55.4 ± 13.3 ng mL–1) (P < 0.05). However, this amount of IFN-τ on Day 6 significantly decreased on Day 8 (25.6 ± 2.7 ng mL–1; P < 0.05) and Day 10 (15.5 ± 2.2 ng mL–1; P < 0.01), gradually. These results indicate that cryopreserved bTVs could secrete IFN-τ at the same level as fresh bTVs on Day 4 to 6 after thawing and then these amounts of IFN-τ significantly decrease in vitro.

scholarly journals Evaluation of the Safety and Usefulness of Citrus Jabara Fruit Peel Powder Cream for Patients with Atopic Dermatitis

2020 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Yutaka Inaba ◽  
Fukumi Furukawa ◽  
Seisho Azuma ◽  
Kimiye Baba ◽  
Masahiko Taniguchi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Atopic Dermatitis ◽  
Oral Intake ◽  
Skin Lesions ◽  
Fruit Peel ◽  
Kii Peninsula ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Student’S T ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Student’S T Test

Citrus jabara (CJ) is a rare citrus that originally grew wild only in the southern area of the Kii peninsula in Japan. In the relationship between CJ and atopic dermatitis (AD), improvement of AD by oral intake of CJ fruit juice was reported in AD model mice. Our previous study also showed anti-inflammatory potentials of CJ fruit peels in vitro. In this study, the applicability of CJ fruit peel powder (CJ powder) for topical application in patients with AD was investigated. After confirming both the safety of CJ powder in preclinical studies and the safety of 5% CJ powder cream in healthy volunteers, the safety and usefulness of 5% CJ powder cream were evaluated in 20 patients with AD. Evaluation of 5% CJ powder cream in patients with AD for 4 weeks showed improvement in the mean severity score of the affected area (from 3.0 to 2.0, p=0.001 by Student’s t test), improvement in skin lesions (11 of 20 participants), usefulness (16 of 20 participants), and safety (16 of 20 participants). Although aggravation of symptoms on application areas were observed on 4 participants, their aggravation were systemic, resulting from causes other than tested cream. These results suggested that 5% CJ powder cream is useful and safe for patients with AD.

scholarly journals The effect of insertion and photopolymerization techniques on microleakage of Class V cavities: a quantitative evaluation

2005 ◽  
Vol 19 (1) ◽  
pp. 30-35 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fabiana Mantovani Gomes França ◽  
Frederico Seidi Hori ◽  
Alex José Souza dos Santos ◽  
José Roberto Lovadino
Keyword(s):  
In Vitro Study ◽  
Root Surface ◽  
Group Iv ◽  
Class V ◽  
Mean Values ◽  
Group Iii ◽  
Soft Start ◽  
Light Curing ◽  
The Mean

The aim of this in vitro study was to evaluate by spectrophotometry the influence of the incremental technique and progressive light curing in the microleakage of Class V cavities. Forty samples were prepared with class V cylindrical cavities on the buccal root surface of bovine incisive teeth and filled with composite resin (Z250). The samples were divided into four groups: I: cavity was bulk filled and the composite was light cured for 40 seconds; Group II: cavity was bulk filled and a "soft-start" polymerization was used; Group III: cavity was filled with the incremental technique in two coats and light cured for 40 seconds; Group IV: cavity was filled with the incremental technique in two coats and light cured with "soft-start" polymerization. After the restoration, the specimens were thermally stressed for 3,000 cycles in bath at 5 ± 2°C and 55 ± 2°C, protected with nail enamel, colored with 2% methylene blue and cut into sections. These sections were triturated and the dye was recovered with PA ethanol and the supernatant was evaluated. The data were submitted to ANOVA and the results showed the following averages: bulk filled and conventional photopolymerization (I) 0.06075 µg/ml; bulk filled and progressive photopolymerization (II) 0.04030 µg/ml; incremental insertion and conventional photopolymerization (III) 0.04648 µg/ml; incremental insertion and progressive photopolymerization (IV) 0.04339 µg/ml. No significant statistic differences were observed among the mean values. The Degulux "soft-start" equipment probably emits too high initial light intensity to promote progressive photopolymerization.

262 MEIOTIC SPINDLE CONFORMATION ASSESSMENT BY POLARIZED LIGHT MICROSCOPY IN SHEEP AND GOAT OOCYTES

2013 ◽  
Vol 25 (1) ◽  
pp. 279
Author(s):  
J. N. Caamaño ◽  
F. Cuadrado ◽  
C. Díez ◽  
M. Muñoz ◽  
D. Martín ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Light Microscopy ◽  
Linear Models ◽  
Polarized Light ◽  
Polarized Light Microscopy ◽  
Meiotic Spindle ◽  
System Research ◽  
Grant Support ◽  
Meiotic Spindles ◽  
The Mean

Polarized light microscopy (PLM) allows detection of microtubule-polymerized protein in in vitro-matured sheep and goat oocytes (Caamaño et al. 2011 Reprod. Fertil. Dev. 23, 226–227). Spindle birefringence, measured as the mean retardance value, has been proposed as a marker of meiotic spindle conformation in humans and mice. Because the conformation of the meiotic spindle cannot be readily assessed by PLM, in this study we aimed to measure the mean retardance value of normal and abnormal meiotic spindles from in vitro-matured prepubertal sheep and goat oocytes. Oocytes were matured in vitro for 27 h and were then individually assessed by PLM (Oosight System, Research Instruments Ltd., Falmouth, Cornwall, UK), and the mean retardance value was analysed in meiotic spindles using specific software (Oosight). Meiotic spindle conformation was determined in individual oocytes by immunostaining and chromatin detection, as described by Morató et al. (2008 Mol. Reprod. Dev. 75, 191–201). A barrel-shaped spindle was considered a normal spindle configuration. Only oocytes with meiotic spindles identified by both PLM and immunostaining were used in this study. The experiment was replicated four times. Data were analysed by the general linear models procedure of SAS (SAS Institute Inc., Cary, NC, USA). A normal barrel-shaped spindle was observed in 80.8% of the sheep oocytes (n = 47) and in 83.9% of the goat oocytes (n = 62). In sheep, the mean retardance value in oocytes with a normal meiotic spindle conformation did not differ from that in oocytes with abnormal spindles (4.42 ± 0.26 nm v. 3.92 ± 0.54 nm). Similar results were obtained with goat oocytes with normal (2.94 ± 0.20 nm) v. abnormal spindle conformation (2.77 ± 0.08 nm). These results indicate that the mean retardance value does not distinguish between oocytes with normal and abnormal meiotic spindle conformation, as assessed by subsequent immunostaining. Grant support from INIA-RZ2007-00013-00-00. M. Muñoz was sponsored by RYC08-03454.

scholarly journals Effectiveness and efficiency of chemomechanical carious dentin removal

2006 ◽  
Vol 17 (1) ◽  
pp. 63-67 ◽  
Author(s):  
Cláudia Silami de Magalhães ◽  
Allyson Nogueira Moreira ◽  
Wagner Reis da Costa Campos ◽  
Fernanda Magalhães Rossi ◽  
Guilherme Augusto Alcaraz Castilho ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
In Vitro Study ◽  
Knoop Hardness ◽  
T Test ◽  
Carious Lesions ◽  
Efficiency And Effectiveness ◽  
Effectiveness And Efficiency ◽  
Student’S T ◽  
Cavity Floor ◽  
Student’S T Test

The aims of this in vitro study were both to determine the time necessary for removal of carious dentin (efficiency) and the Knoop Hardness Number (KHN) of the remaining dentin (effectiveness), using a chemomechanical method (Carisolv) or hand excavation. Thirty human molars were bisected through occlusal carious lesions into two equal halves. Each half was randomly excavated by hand in circular movements with a spoon excavator or using Carisolv gel according to the manufacturer's instructions. The duration of carious dentin removal was recorded. Tooth sections were resin-embedded, ground flat and polished. Dentin KHN was determined at distances of 100, 200, 300, 400 and 500 mum from the cavity floor. Data were analyzed by Wilcoxon's test (alpha=0.01), ANOVA and Student's t test (alpha= 0.05). The median of the time necessary for chemomechanical excavation was significantly greater than for hand excavation. KHN means (± SD) at 100, 200, 300, 400, 500 µm for chemomechanical method were, respectively: 15.6 (±4.96), 18.0 (±6.22), 21.3 (±9.30), 24.3 (±9.25), 28.5 (±11.80); and for hand excavation were: 21.2 (±10.26), 23.4 (±9.49), 28.2 (±11.62), 31.0 (±12.17), 34.3 (±11.95). It may be concluded that hand excavation presented higher efficiency and effectiveness than chemomechanical excavation.

scholarly journals Evaluation of the substantivity of chlorhexidine in association with sodium fluoride in vitro

2003 ◽  
Vol 17 (1) ◽  
pp. 78-81 ◽  
Author(s):  
Carolina Saliba de Freitas ◽  
Henrique França Oliveira Diniz ◽  
Jânderson Breder Gomes ◽  
Rubén Dário Sinisterra ◽  
María Esperanza Cortés
Keyword(s):  
Sodium Fluoride ◽  
Therapeutic Agents ◽  
Ultraviolet Region ◽  
Mean Values ◽  
The Mean ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Student’S T ◽  
Bovine Enamel ◽  
Student’S T Test

The efficacy of the fluoride-chlorhexidine association in the prevention of gingivitis and caries has been advocated for a number of years5,7,14. The objective of the association of these therapeutic agents is a synergistic action. The aim of the present study was to determine the substantivity of chlorhexidine associated or not to sodium fluoride at different intervals of time, in vitro. Bovine enamel surfaces were treated with 0.12% chlorhexidine gluconate (Periogard® - Colgate®) or 0.05% sodium fluoride with 0.12% chlorhexidine (Duplak® - Dentsply®) solutions for one minute. Fragments were placed in distilled water and samples were collected at intervals of 5, 30 and 360 minutes and analyzed by spectrophotometry in the visible ultraviolet region. Substantivity was evaluated by the measurement of chlorhexidine desorption from the treated slabs. The mean values obtained were statistically analyzed by Student's t-test. The results showed that the concentration of chlorhexidine decreased when it was used in association with sodium fluoride. The difference between the groups was statistically significant (p < 0.05). These in vitro results suggest that the association between sodium fluoride and chlorhexidine in the studied concentrations appears to have no beneficial effect because of the decrease in the substantivity of chlorhexidine.

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