scholarly journals A Smart High-Voltage Cell Detecting and Equalizing Circuit for LiFePO4 Batteries in Electric Vehicles

2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (24) ◽  
pp. 5391 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ali Farzan Moghaddam ◽  
Alex Van den Bossche
Keyword(s):  
Monitoring System ◽  
Electric Vehicles ◽  
High Voltage ◽  
Intelligent Systems ◽  
Liquid Crystal Display ◽  
Cell Voltage ◽  
Mobile App ◽  
Battery Management System ◽  
Voltage Reference ◽  
Turn On

A battery management system (BMS) plays an important role in electric vehicles (EVs) in order to achieve a reasonable-lasting lifetime. An equalizing method is essential in order to obtain the best performance. A monitoring system is required to check if any cell voltage is high or low. In this paper, an equalizing and monitoring system for an ultra-light electric vehicle is proposed. The monitoring system detects if one cell is fully charged or all cells are fully charged and the equalizing system tops each cell at the desired voltage. To solve this issue, a light-emitting diode (LED) band gap is used as a voltage reference to inform the user if any cell is at its high voltage. A smart monitoring displays on the liquid crystal display (LCD), if one cell is high or all cells are high. This detection also provides a signal to the microcontroller to turn on/off the charger if all cells are high. Also, a Bluetooth module was designed to command the microcontroller the charger to turn on/off via voice/text message by using a smartphone. Additionally, a new smart monitoring system based on the Bluetooth model (HC05) and mobile app has been made in order to monitor individual cell voltage. A major feature of the system is to draw a very-low current, so that the system does not contribute significantly to the self-discharge of the battery and the circuit does not need sophisticated control. Manufacturers of large electric vehicles may have more intelligent systems that may require a permanent connection to the grid and allow high standby losses, where more state of charge (SOC) may be lost per day. The paper is rather focused on reducing the standby losses, and to activate the equalizer only when charging and/or driving. The experimental results are performed in order to verify the feasibility of the proposed circuit.

Development of the On-Line Monitoring System for Fuel Cell Voltage

2011 ◽  
Vol 219-220 ◽  
pp. 383-386
Author(s):  
Jing Li ◽  
Hong Pan ◽  
Shu Juan Zhang ◽  
Ling Fang Sun
Keyword(s):  
Fuel Cell ◽  
Monitoring System ◽  
Software Design ◽  
Output Voltage ◽  
Cell Voltage ◽  
Development Environment ◽  
Fuel Cell Stack ◽  
Actual Application ◽  
On Line ◽  
And Storage

According to the single battery's series structure in the fuel cell stack, we develop an on-line fuel cell voltage monitoring system, and realize VISA library functions’ call and operation data acquisition and storage successfully in the Delphi development environment. It’s introduced mainly that the monitoring principle, hardware structure, software design and the main feature. The actual application proves that this system has realized high-precision and real-time monitoring of the output voltage of the fuel cell for multi-channel, and has multi-condition operation by setting original parameters easily, thereby, the system has more applicability and well reliability.

scholarly journals A novel hybrid thermal management approach towards high-voltage battery pack for electric vehicles

2021 ◽  
Vol 247 ◽  
pp. 114676
Author(s):  
Lu Jin ◽  
Jun Tian ◽  
Shen Gao ◽  
Peng Xie ◽  
Mohsen Akbarzadeh ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Thermal Management ◽  
Electric Vehicles ◽  
High Voltage ◽  
Battery Pack ◽  
Management Approach ◽  
High Voltage Battery

An Electrochemical Model Based Optimal Charging Algorithm for Lithium-Ion Batteries

2015 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sourav Pramanik ◽  
Sohel Anwar
Keyword(s):  
Management System ◽  
Optimization Problems ◽  
Optimal Algorithm ◽  
Algorithm Design ◽  
Lithium Ion ◽  
Cell Voltage ◽  
Realistic Model ◽  
Constant Current ◽  
Battery Management System ◽  
Model Based

In recent years, Lithium-Ion battery has gathered lot of importance in many forms of energy storage applications due to its overwhelming benefits. Any battery pack alone cannot achieve its optimal performance unless there is a robust and efficient energy management system, commonly known as battery management system or BMS. The Lithium-Ion charger is a voltage-limiting device that is similar to the lead acid system. The difference lies in a higher cell voltage; tighter voltage tolerance and the absence of trickle or float charge at full charge. In this work, we propose the design of a novel optimal strategy for charging the battery that better suits the battery performance. A performance index is defined that aims at minimizing the effort of regeneration along with a minimum deviation from the rated maximum thresholds for cell temperature and charging current. A more realistic model based on battery electrochemistry is used for the optimal algorithm design as opposed to equivalent circuit models. To solve the optimization problem, Pontryagin’s principle is used which is very effective for constrained optimization problems with both state and input constraints. Simulation results show that the proposed optimal charging algorithm is capable of shortening the charging time of a Lithium Ion cell while maintaining the temperature constraint when compared with the standard constant current charging.

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