scholarly journals Effect of Hydrophilicity of Activated Carbon Electrodes on Desalination Performance in Membrane Capacitive Deionization

2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (23) ◽  
pp. 5055 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kyusik Jo ◽  
Youngbin Baek ◽  
Changha Lee ◽  
Jeyong Yoon
Keyword(s):  
Activated Carbon ◽  
Ion Exchange ◽  
Surface Chemistry ◽  
Specific Surface ◽  
Electrode Materials ◽  
Carbon Electrodes ◽  
Water Molecules ◽  
Capacitive Deionization ◽  
Surface Areas ◽  
Specific Surface Areas

Membrane capacitive deionization (MCDI) is a modification of capacitive deionization (CDI) using ion-exchange membranes (IEM) in front of the electrodes. Electrode properties, especially the specific surface area, are known to be strongly related with desalination performance in CDI, but the effects of other properties in MCDI are not fully understood. The objective of this study was to investigate the effect of hydrophilicity in activated carbon electrodes on desalination performance in MCDI. Two types of activated carbon (P60 and YS-2) whose specific surface areas were similar were used as electrode materials, but they had different hydrophilicity (i.e., P60 was originally hydrophobic and YS-2 was relatively hydrophilic due to its nitrogen-containing surface chemistry). These hydrophilic electrodes (either the electrode itself or modified with polydopamine (PDA)) led to an increase in the salt adsorption capacity (SAC) in MCDI because they facilitated the access of both ions and water molecules into the electrode pores. In particular, the SAC of the P60 electrode displayed a large increase to almost reach that of the YS-2 electrode due to the improved hydrophilicity with PDA modification and the insignificant effects of PDA modification on an already hydrophilic YS-2 electrode. Additionally, PDA-modified IEM in MCDI reduced the SAC as a result of the additional insulating PDA layer with little changes in hydrophilicity.

scholarly journals Adsorption of Reactive Blue 19 on coconut shell and bamboo activated carbons

2017 ◽  
Vol 33 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Chiều Lê Văn ◽  
Duy Ngọc Vũ ◽  
Tiến Mạnh Nguyễn ◽  
Hà Thế Cao
Keyword(s):  
Activated Carbon ◽  
Specific Surface ◽  
Activated Carbons ◽  
Absorption Capacity ◽  
Coconut Shell ◽  
Reactive Blue 19 ◽  
Surface Areas ◽  
Site Density ◽  
Specific Surface Areas ◽  
Kinetics And Isotherms

Abstract: Kinetics and isotherms of Reactive Blue 19 adsorption on two kinds of granular activated carbons from coconut shell and bamboo were determined in this study. These activated carbon are micropore materials with specific surface areas of 687 and 425 m2/g, respectively. Experimental data shows that equilibrium times are the same for both kinds of activated carbon when ininital concentration of the dye is 40 mg/L. However, maximum absorption capacity of bamboo activated carbon is about 10 times higher than that of coconut shell. This results reveals that adsorption site density on the surface plays a more important role than specific surface area.           

scholarly journals Adsorption of Volatile Organic Compounds in Nitrogen Streams on Oxidized Activated Carbon Fibres

2001 ◽  
Vol 19 (5) ◽  
pp. 423-433 ◽  
Author(s):  
Feiyu Kang ◽  
Zheng-Hong Huang ◽  
Kai-Ming Liang ◽  
Jun-Bing Yang ◽  
Hui Wu
Keyword(s):  
Activated Carbon ◽  
Volatile Organic Compounds ◽  
Specific Surface ◽  
Organic Compounds ◽  
Gravimetric Method ◽  
Carbon Fibres ◽  
Surface Areas ◽  
Volatile Organic ◽  
Specific Surface Areas ◽  
Activated Carbon Fibres

Viscose rayon-based activated carbon fibres (ACFs) with low and high specific surface areas were treated with conc. HNO3, 30 wt% H2O2 and air at different temperatures. The pore textures and surface chemistries of the samples were characterized by nitrogen adsorption at 77 K and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopic (XPS) methods. The adsorption of traces of volatile organic compounds (VOCs), i.e. benzene and methyl ethyl ketone (MEK), in nitrogen streams on the samples wwa measured by a gravimetric method. The results showed that the surface oxygen complexes and pore textures of all the oxidized ACFs were modified and differed depending on whether oxidation had been conducted under gaseous or solution conditions. ACFs with different specific surface areas possessed different adsorption characteristics towards VOC vapours after subjection to oxidation treatment.

scholarly journals KOH activation of coal-derived microporous carbons for oxygen reduction and supercapacitors

RSC Advances ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (27) ◽  
pp. 15707-15714 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shaokui Guo ◽  
Beibei Guo ◽  
Ruguang Ma ◽  
Yufang Zhu ◽  
Jiacheng Wang
Keyword(s):  
Specific Surface ◽  
Oxygen Reduction ◽  
Electrode Materials ◽  
Koh Activation ◽  
Porous Carbons ◽  
Microporous Carbons ◽  
Surface Areas ◽  
Specific Surface Areas ◽  
Natural Coal

Porous carbons (PCs) with high specific surface areas were prepared using natural coal as precursor coupled with KOH activation, showing great potential as electrode materials for oxygen reduction and supercapacitors.

Research Progress on Binder of Activated Carbon Electrode

2012 ◽  
Vol 549 ◽  
pp. 780-784 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ying Jie Zhang ◽  
Jia Guo ◽  
Ting Li
Keyword(s):  
Activated Carbon ◽  
Specific Surface ◽  
Electrode Material ◽  
Hot Spot ◽  
Research Progress ◽  
Carbon Electrodes ◽  
Carbon Electrode ◽  
Capacitive Deionization ◽  
Special Significance ◽  
Sulfosuccinic Acid

The activated carbon electrode has been widely used as an electrode material in capacitive deionization (CDI). The binder of activated carbon electrode has important influence on the electrochemical properties and structures of the electrodes. The effect of binder on the conductivity and capacitance of the electrodes is discussed in this article. And the structures characteristics of electrodes by adding different kinds of binder are summarized. The electrodes have higher capacitance and specific surface using polyvinylalochol (PVA) and sulfosuccinic-acid (SSA) as hydrophilic binder, comparing with hydrophobic binders include phenolicresin, polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE) and polyvinylidenefluoride (PVDF). Therefore, activated carbon electrodes consisted by PVA and SSA are expected to become the future hot spot. The study of this paper has special significance to the choice and application of the binder in capacitive deionization.

Metal organic framework based catalysts for CO2 conversion

2017 ◽  
Vol 4 (3) ◽  
pp. 345-361 ◽  
Author(s):  
James W. Maina ◽  
Cristina Pozo-Gonzalo ◽  
Lingxue Kong ◽  
Jürg Schütz ◽  
Matthew Hill ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Surface Chemistry ◽  
Specific Surface ◽  
Metal Organic Framework ◽  
Metal Organic Frameworks ◽  
Co2 Conversion ◽  
Crystalline Materials ◽  
Pore Sizes ◽  
Surface Areas ◽  
Metal Organic ◽  
Specific Surface Areas

Metal organic frameworks (MOFs) are hybrid crystalline materials, exhibiting high specific surface areas, controllable pore sizes and surface chemistry.

Investigations on the Aging Effect of Supercapacitors

2011 ◽  
Vol 1333 ◽  
Author(s):  
F. Parigi ◽  
Y. Gao ◽  
M. Casares ◽  
T. Gachovska ◽  
Y. S. Zhou ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Thermal Stability ◽  
Electrical Properties ◽  
Specific Surface ◽  
Surface Area ◽  
Electrode Surface ◽  
Aging Effect ◽  
Carbon Electrodes ◽  
Lattice Structures ◽  
Surface Areas ◽  
Specific Surface Areas

ABSTRACTIn this paper, the degradation processes of commercial supercapacitors aged at 2.7 V and 65 °C for 2000 h were studied. The crystallinity, thermal stability, and specific surface areas of the carbon electrodes of the supercapacitors were measured. Significant changes and degradations in the carbon electrodes were observed for the aged supercapacitors. New functional groups were also found on the surface of the electrodes. The degradation of the lattice structures and the reduction in the specific surface area were as well observed for the aged supercapacitors. It was suggested that the aging of supercapacitors significantly changed the electrode surface which affects considerably electrical properties and functionality of supercapacitors. We have also performed experiments which suggest that the aging effect on the electrode is not uniformly distributed through its length.

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