scholarly journals 3-Sulphinyl-5-Amino-1H-1,2,4-Triazoles as Inhibitors of Copper Corrosion

2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (22) ◽  
pp. 4882
Author(s):  
Dmitry Shevtsov ◽  
Oleg Kozaderov ◽  
Khidmet Shikhaliev ◽  
Ekaterina Komarova ◽  
Alexei Kruzhilin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Atmospheric Corrosion ◽  
Salt Spray ◽  
Full Scale ◽  
Copper Corrosion ◽  
Double Layer Capacitance ◽  
Testing Methods ◽  
Corrosion Attack ◽  
Warburg Impedance ◽  
Polarisation Resistance ◽  
Derivatives Of

A set of electrochemical and full-scale corrosion testing methods demonstrates that 3-sulphinylalkyl-5-amino-1H-1,2,4-triazoles can be used as inhibitors of copper corrosion in neutral chloride solutions and under atmospheric corrosion. It was shown that the inhibition effect of 3-sulphinylalkyl derivatives of 5-amino-1H-1,2,4-triazole increases with the growth of the chain of the additive. By means of the impedance spectroscopy method, the authors determined that the polarisation resistance and the Warburg impedance increases whereas the double-layer capacitance decreased with the growth of the inhibitor chain and the concentration of the inhibitor. In addition, the period when the first signs of corrosion attack appear on the copper plates in the salt spray chamber increased with the growth of the inhibitor chain and its concentrations. The lowest value of this period was measured for 3-sulphinylpropyl derivatives. However, it is still 12 times higher that this value measured without any inhibitors. Full-scale testing in 1% HCl solution showed that the corrosion rate slows down by 10–20 times upon the introduction of the derivatives of 3-sulphinylbutyl and 3-sulphinylpentyl at a concentration of ≥5.00 mM. If the concentration of 3-phenethylsulphinyl is equal to or higher than 1.00 mM, then the protection level is about 85%.

Electrolytic accelerated corrosion morphology for structural steel based on an improved solution

2021 ◽  
Vol 0 (0) ◽  
Author(s):  
Qi Si ◽  
Yang Ding ◽  
Liang Zong
Keyword(s):  
Structural Steel ◽  
Atmospheric Corrosion ◽  
Fractal Theory ◽  
Salt Spray ◽  
Neutral Salt ◽  
Mixed Solution ◽  
Corrosion Morphology ◽  
Accelerated Corrosion ◽  
Electrolytic Corrosion ◽  
Surface Morphologies

Abstract Atmospheric corrosion degrades the mechanical properties of steel structures mainly because of stress concentrations caused by an uneven corrosion topography. Electrolytic corrosion is regarded as one of the most efficient indoor accelerated corrosion approaches, while, the uneven atmospheric corrosion topography usually cannot be well simulated by electrolytic corrosion. This study aims to introduce an electrolytic corrosion solution suitable for simulating atmospheric corrosion. The surface morphologies of the structural steel specimens after electrolytic corrosion in three different solutions under various electrification time and magnitude of the current were compared. The surface characteristics of the corroded steel plates were measured by a 3D noncontact surface topography scanner, and analyzed based on surface roughness theory and fractal theory. The results showed that the mixed solution of 0.5% CH3COONa and 0.2% NaCl will produce pitting corrosion on the steel surface, and the surface morphologies of the steel specimens after electrolytic corrosion were consistent with that of neutral salt spray accelerated corrosion test. It is verified that the electrolytic accelerated corrosion in such a solution can simulate actual atmospheric corrosion reasonably.

Improved Atmospheric Corrosion Testing for Aluminum Alloys, Part II: Developing Improved Testing Protocol

CORROSION ◽  
10.5006/3335 ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 76 (1) ◽  
pp. 51-62
Author(s):  
Mary E. Parker ◽  
Robert G. Kelly
Keyword(s):  
Aluminum Alloys ◽  
Atmospheric Corrosion ◽  
Salt Spray ◽  
High Strength ◽  
Corrosion Testing ◽  
Short Exposure ◽  
Wetting And Drying ◽  
Short Exposure Time ◽  
High Strength Aluminum Alloys ◽  
Dwell Period

A modified version of ASTM G85-A2 was developed in this work with the intention of targeting a relative humidity (RH) of 75% during the dwell period. The outcome was two different RH profiles, one that averaged 74% RH during the dwell period and another that averaged 61.5% RH during the dwell period. Both tests produced moderate exfoliation in AA2060-T3 after just 12 days of exposure. Other high-strength aluminum alloys (AA7075, AA2024) were exposed to the modified RH profiles, and both tests could correctly differentiate exfoliation resistance for these alloys. An average RH between 74% and 61.5% during the dwell period was found to produce consistent exfoliation ratings after a short exposure time. Electrochemical measurements made during salt spray testing were used to propose electrochemical mechanisms that occur during wetting and drying in atmospheric corrosion testing.

Review of Copper Atmospheric Corrosion in H2S

2014 ◽  
Vol 548-549 ◽  
pp. 177-181
Author(s):  
Ping Wang ◽  
Zhao Hui Yin ◽  
Han Tao Ren ◽  
Song Xu ◽  
Dong Wei Ma
Keyword(s):  
Corrosion Resistance ◽  
Corrosion Behavior ◽  
Atmospheric Corrosion ◽  
Corrosion Inhibitors ◽  
External Factors ◽  
Corrosion Mechanism ◽  
Corrosive Environment ◽  
Copper Corrosion ◽  
Environment Factors ◽  
The Impact

The losses due to copper corrosion in H2S atmospheric corrosion have attracted much focus. It’s important to improve copper corrosion resistance that the corrosion law, corrosion mechanism and characteristics were studied in H2S environment. This paper reviewed the corrosion behavior of copper, analyzed the impact of environment factors and corrosion analysis tools. Through evaluating and improving corrosion by external factors, including improving corrosive environment, using coating protection and adding corrosion inhibitors, appropriate corrosion measures were taken to extend the life of the equipment.

scholarly journals A Field Study of Atmospheric Corrosion of Carbon Steel after Short Exposure in Pelabuhan Ratu, West Java Province, Indonesia

2021 ◽  
Vol 18 (17) ◽  
Author(s):  
Gadang PRIYOTOMO ◽  
Siska PRIFIHARNI ◽  
Lutviasari NURAINI ◽  
Joko TRIWARDONO ◽  
Ahmad ROYANI ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Steel ◽  
Relative Humidity ◽  
Air Temperature ◽  
Atmospheric Corrosion ◽  
Short Exposure ◽  
Corrosion Attack ◽  
West Java ◽  
Corrosion Rates ◽  
Magnetite Fe3o4 ◽  
Chloride Deposition

The investigation of atmospheric corrosion of mild carbon steel as representative of offshore infrastructure has been carried out in the marine tropical of Pelabuhan Ratu, West Java, Indonesia. They are exposed up to 76 days of periods, and their corrosion rates are determined according to ASTM G1-03. The surface morphology, the elemental compositions and compounds were observed using a scanning electron microscope (SEM), energy dispersive spectroscopy (EDS) and X-ray diffraction (XRD), respectively.  The environmental parameters of the test site are monitored during exposure, such as air temperature, relative humidity (RH), airborne salinity and dew temperature. Based on the results, the corrosion rates of steels were 2.79 and 2.8 mpy within the 27 and 76 days exposures, respectively. The presence of chloride deposition on the surface of steel can increase the severity of corrosion. Moreover, the detrimental effect of chloride was observed in rust product, which was covered by an oxygen element. The main phases of rust products present were magnetite (Fe3O4) and hematite (α-Fe2O3.H2O). Several cracks were observed in the rust layer, which tended to exfoliate and lose adherence and protectiveness from further corrosion attack. HIGHLIGHTS The presence of chloride deposition on the surface of steel can increase the severity of corrosion. The severity of corrosion attack mainly depends on the exposure time and some climatic parameters, such as relative humidity (RH), air temperature and chloride airborne. The uniform distribution of the chloride tends to increase the production of ferrous chloride in high RH condition and the aqueous layer deposited on carbon steel. There are two phases on corroded carbon steel such as hematite (α-Fe2O3.H2O) and Magnetite (Fe3O4) after exposure GRAPHICAL ABSTRACT

Evaluating Anchor Impact Damage to the Subsea Canyon Chief Pipeline Using Analysis and Full-Scale Testing Methods

2012 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chris Alexander ◽  
Alexander Aalders ◽  
William Bath ◽  
Brent Vyvial ◽  
Rhett Dotson ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Impact Damage ◽  
Full Scale ◽  
Initial Assessment ◽  
Test Results ◽  
Strain Gages ◽  
Testing Methods ◽  
Destructive Testing ◽  
Element Analysis ◽  
Inspection Data ◽  
Testing Work

This paper presents findings from a study conducted as part of a joint industry effort involving engineers from Williams Midstream, Stress Engineering Services, Inc., GL Noble Denton, and Saipem America. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the severity of damage inflicted to Williams’ subsea 18-inch × 0.875-inch, Grade X60 Canyon Chief Gas Export Pipeline due to an anchor impact at a water depth of 2,300 feet. The phases of work included an initial assessment after the damage to the deepwater pipeline was detected, evaluating localized damage via finite element analysis based using in-line inspection data, full-scale destructive testing including burst tests, and final efforts included the design and evaluation of a subsea-deployed repair sleeve. The study included modeling Saipem’s repair sleeve design accompanied by full-scale destructive testing. Strain gages were used to measure strain in the reinforced dent beneath the sleeve, that were then compared to prior results for the unrepaired dent test results. The work associated with this study represents one of the more comprehensive efforts conducted to date in evaluating damage to a subsea pipeline. The results of the analysis and testing work provided Williams with a solid understanding on the behavior on the damage inflected to the pipeline and what level of performance can be expected from the repaired pipeline during future operation. After the engineering analysis and testing phases of this work were completed, the deepwater pipeline was repaired.

Characterizations of UV Aging and Atmospheric Corrosion on Epoxy Coated 7A04 Aluminum Alloy

2011 ◽  
Vol 686 ◽  
pp. 784-791
Author(s):  
Chao Fang Dong ◽  
Kui Xiao ◽  
Hai Sheng ◽  
Y.H. An ◽  
Xiao Gang Li
Keyword(s):  
Aluminum Alloy ◽  
Uv Irradiation ◽  
Atmospheric Corrosion ◽  
Electrochemical Impedance ◽  
Salt Spray ◽  
Alloy System ◽  
Epoxy Coating ◽  
Test Time ◽  
Uv Aging ◽  
Resistance Decrease

The aim of this work is to investigate characterizations of corrosion on 7A04 aluminum alloy with epoxy coating under simulated marine atmosphere with/without ultraviolet irradiation. The environment containing Cl-and sunlight illumination was simulated by salt spray test and UV irradiation/condensation treatment. The corrosion behavior was studied by electrochemical impedance spectroscopy, and level of coating damage was evaluated through gloss measurement. Scanning electron microscope was chosen to observe surface properties of epoxy coating/7A04 aluminum alloy system. The results show that the electrochemical characters are closely related to the aging degree of epoxy coating, which could influence the penetrating process of oxygen and corrosive medium. The coating resistance decrease, while the coating capacitance and the pore rate increase as prolonging of the test time. Along with gloss loss of epoxy coating, pores appear on the surface and the blisters break, which may act as bulk defects of epoxy coating. The coating degradation and substrate corrosion were accelerated by the cooperation of UV irradiation and salt spray. UV aging significant accelerated the deterioration of coating with larger and deeper pores compared to that of non-UV irradiation coating.

Atmospheric Corrosion Behavior Assessment of Carbon Steel Pipes Using Cyclic Salt Spray Test

2015 ◽  
Vol 658 ◽  
pp. 42-52
Author(s):  
Polporn Chatisathien ◽  
Nuttapon Suttitam
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Steel ◽  
Corrosion Behavior ◽  
Atmospheric Corrosion ◽  
Salt Spray ◽  
Metals And Alloys ◽  
Salt Spray Test ◽  
Cover Plate ◽  
Steel Pipes ◽  
Inner Surface ◽  
Welded Pipe

Accelerated atmospheric corrosion behavior of carbon steel pipes subjected to cyclic salt spray test was performed according to ISO 14993 – Corrosion of metals and alloys – Accelerated testing involving cyclic exposure to salt mist, “dry” and “wet” conditions [1]. In order to investigate the effect of degree of exposure to environment of inner surface of the pipe on corrosion behavior of inner surface of the specimens, degree of completeness of weldment, 0%, 50%, 80%, and 100%, of steel cover plate is varied. Exposure times in this study are 168, 336, and 504 hours which can be correlated to 10, 20, and 30 years exposed to C3 corrosivity category according to the definition of ISO 9223 – Corrosion of metals and alloys – Corrosivity of atmospheres – Classification, determination and estimation [2,3]. After testing, visual inspection on outer and inner surfaces of the specimens were performed. In addition, average corrosion rate of the specimens were performed according to ISO 8407 – Corrosion of metals and alloys – Removal of corrosion products from corrosion test specimens [4]. The results show that as-received steel pipe specimens exhibited great degree of corrosion attack on the inner surface of the specimens while slight amount of corrosion was observed from the welded pipe specimens.

The RE Compound Using in Corrosion Inhibitor of Copper Alloy

2012 ◽  
Vol 549 ◽  
pp. 539-542
Author(s):  
Fang Xu ◽  
Shu Zhen Wu
Keyword(s):  
Corrosion Resistance ◽  
Corrosion Inhibitor ◽  
Copper Alloy ◽  
Corrosion Inhibitors ◽  
Synergistic Effects ◽  
Salt Spray ◽  
Neutral Salt ◽  
Copper Corrosion ◽  
Sulfosalicylic Acid ◽  
Orthogonal Experiments

Based on neutral salt spray test and variance analysis, the RE salt compound using in the corrosion inhibitors of copper alloy has been studied. Synergistic effects among the RE salt, benzotriazole and sulfosalicylic acid were conducted through two orthogonal experiments. The results shows that the passive film has a better corrosion resistance after added RE salt,the synergistic effect is obvious in combined copper corrosion inhibitor.

scholarly journals Pore resistance limitations from EIS data for the evaluation of organic DTM coatings based on a self-crosslinking acrylic resin

2021 ◽  
Vol 19 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Vanegas ◽  
J.J Medina ◽  
L.F. Vesga ◽  
W. Bejarano
Keyword(s):  
Atmospheric Corrosion ◽  
Visual Inspection ◽  
Electrochemical Impedance ◽  
Salt Spray ◽  
Acrylic Resin ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Neutral Salt ◽  
Crosslinking Process ◽  
Acrylic Resins ◽  
Coated Surfaces

Self-crosslinking Water-based acrylic resins are currently widely used in the formulation of paints for the protection of materials exposed to atmospheric corrosion. These resins, given their "self-crosslinking" designation, initiate their crosslinking process once they are applied on a previously prepared surface. It is expected that with time they will increase their protection, due to their continuing self-crosslinking mechanism. In this work, metallic plates coated with these resins were evaluated under simulated salt neutral spray (ASTM B117). The coating degradation processes were monitored by Electrochemical Impedance Spectroscopy (EIS) and visual inspection, according to ASTM D610 and ASTM D714, aiming to identify and quantify the appearance of blistering and corrosion products. The results revealed rapid drops in pore resistance (Rpo) for systems exposed to neutral salt spray (NSS), saline-acidic or acidified conditions, which coincided with the formation of blisters. On the contrary, the systems in the wet chamber showed an increase in the Rpo, which evidences from an electrical point of view a greater opposition to the passage of current. Notwithstanding, still the appearance of blisters on the coated surfaces was observed.

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