scholarly journals Effect of Disintegration Times of the Homogeneity of Soil prior to Treatment

2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (22) ◽  
pp. 4791
Author(s):  
Wathiq Al-Jabban ◽  
Jan Laue ◽  
Sven Knutsson ◽  
Nadhir Al-Ansari
Keyword(s):  
Water Content ◽  
Uniform Distribution ◽  
Construction Projects ◽  
Mixing Time ◽  
Soil Improvement ◽  
Natural Soil ◽  
High Plasticity ◽  
Negative Effects ◽  
Disintegration Time ◽  
Soil Particles

This paper presents an experimental study to investigate the effect of various disintegration times on the homogeneity of pre-treated natural soil before mixing with cementitious binders. Various disintegration times were applied, ranging from 10 s to 120 s. Four different soils were used with different characteristics from high, medium and low plasticity properties. Visual and sieving assessment were used to evaluate the best disintegration times to allow for a uniform distribution of water content and small-sized particles that would produce a uniform distribution of the binder around the soil particles. Results showed that a proper mixing time to homogenize and disintegrate the soil prior to treatment depended on several factors: soil type, water content and plasticity properties. For high plasticity soil, the disintegration time should be kept as short as possible. Increasing the disintegration time ha negative effects on the uniformity of distribution of the binder around soil particles. The homogenizing and disintegration time were less important for low plasticity soils with low water content than for medium to high plasticity soils. The findings could assist various construction projects that deal with soil improvement through preparation of soil before adding a cementitious binder to ensure uniformity of distribution of the binder around soil particles and obtain uniform soil–binder mixtures.

scholarly journals The Effects of Calcium Excess, Water Amount and Mixing Time on the Injectability of Calcium Phosphate Filling Materials

2011 ◽  
Vol 110-116 ◽  
pp. 8-12 ◽  
Author(s):  
A.S.F. Alqap ◽  
Iis Sopyan ◽  
M. Husni ◽  
N. Athirah
Keyword(s):  
Calcium Phosphate ◽  
Low Temperature ◽  
Water Content ◽  
Hydrothermal Method ◽  
Mixing Time ◽  
Injection Test ◽  
Filling Materials ◽  
Excess Water ◽  
Strict Control ◽  
Water Amount

Variation of calcium excess, water content and mixing time have been taken into the parameters of the injection test of calcium phosphate paste synthesized via low temperature hydrothermal method. The result indicated that all the parameters are very prominent to influence the material injectability possible to be fully injected out the syringe. Strict control of paste synthesizing parameters has successfully overcome poor injectability of the material.

scholarly journals Applying analytical network process to the selection of financing method for abandoned construction projects in Iraq

2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (2) ◽  
pp. 62-70
Author(s):  
Huda Yaseen ◽  
Hafeth I. Naji
Keyword(s):  
Construction Industry ◽  
Construction Projects ◽  
Analytic Network Process ◽  
Construction Sector ◽  
Negative Effects ◽  
Analytical Network Process ◽  
Multiple Risks ◽  
Final Weight ◽  
Network Process ◽  
Selection Of

Construction projects are of a special nature affected by many factors, which makes them exposed to multiple risks that may lead to the abandonment of projects. Recently, the Iraqi construction sector is facing a number of problems. Abandoned construction projects are one of the most common and dangerous problems in the construction industry in Iraq, with their negative effects on stakeholders, the economy, and the environment due to the lack of sufficient financial and administrative capabilities to complete construction projects, which is reflected in exceeding the time limit for the completion of projects. The aim of this research is to use the analytic network process (ANP) technique to choose the best form of Public-Private Partnership (PPP) contracts to fund abandoned projects in Iraq. using a questionnaire survey to determine the most criteria and alternatives for selecting appropriate financing for the abandoned project. The results shown final weight of the Build-Own-Operate (BOO) contract from ANP is 0.533, which is the best form of PPP contract among the alternatives proposed to fund the project.

scholarly journals Formulation of Coated Tablets Film of Jengkol Fruit Seeds (Pithecellobium lobatum Benth.) as A Selenium Herbal Supplement

2021 ◽  
Vol 2 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Dolih Gozali ◽  
Mutakin Mutakin ◽  
Yunita Yunita ◽  
Norisca Aliza Putri
Keyword(s):  
Cardiovascular Disease ◽  
Water Content ◽  
Daily Intake ◽  
Epidemiological Studies ◽  
Crude Fiber ◽  
Wet Granulation ◽  
Herbal Supplement ◽  
Disintegration Time ◽  
Crude Fiber Content ◽  
Coated Tablet

The correlation between the high content of selenium (Se) in plasma and the low prevalence of cardiovascular disease has been published in previous epidemiological studies. The content of Se in the plasma is determined by daily intake. A preliminary surveillance of Se content of several plants showed that the seeds of jengkol (Pithecellobium lobatum Benth.) has the highest concentration of Se. This study aims to develop a pharmaceutical formulation of Se supplement for adjuvant therapy of cardiovascular disease. The jengkol seeds was made into film coated tablets with a wet granulation method. Optimization of the core tablet formula was carried out with variations of binder concentration and coating material. Evaluation was carried out on uniformity of size and weight, disintegration time, hardness and friability. The content evaluation was carried out including the levels of Se, water content, ash, fat, protein, carbohydrate and crude fiber. The results showed that the F3 had the lowest friability and highest hardness. The coating of tablets using PVA has covered the smell of jengkol seed. The evaluation results showed that film coated tablets contained the Se level content of 0.074 ± 0.004 µg/g, water content of 2.19%, ash content of 1.88%, fat content of 0.89%, protein content of 0.66%, carbohydrate content of 94.38% and crude fiber content 1.79%. The results showed that the jengkol seed film coated tablet formulation could be used as a supplement in additional therapy for cardiovascular disease.Keywords    : Pithecellobium lobatum, film coated tablet, herbal supplement, selenium

scholarly journals Addition Effect of Petrasoil Additive Material on CBR Value of Soil in Swamp Areas

2019 ◽  
Vol 3 (2) ◽  
pp. 67-70 ◽  
Author(s):  
Andi Herius ◽  
Indrayani Indrayani Indrayani ◽  
Arfan Hasan ◽  
Ahmad Mirza
Keyword(s):  
Water Content ◽  
Soil Water Content ◽  
Construction Projects ◽  
Soil Stabilization ◽  
Road Construction ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
Soil Conditions ◽  
Index Properties ◽  
Soil Density ◽  
Road Project

Some road construction projects use petrasoil additive to increase soil stabilization, one of then is the Improvement of Tabarfane-Hokmar (Chemical Petrasoil) Road Project in Aru Selatan Timur District, Aru Islands. To obtain the influence of petrasoil aditive material as soil stabilization in swamp areas, a research is needed. petrasoil additives that powder shape are dissolved in water with 3 variations, namely 500 liters, 750 liters, and 1000 liters of water. Tests which carried out include compaction testing, index properties, and CBR. The results showed that the addition of petrasoil mixture with water without being combined with other added ingredients could lead to increasingly unstable soil conditions where the soil water content increased and the dry weight of the soil diminished, meaning that soil density decreases, and the CBR value of soil decreases.

scholarly journals Project failure Indicators: perceptions of Thai and Malaysian engineers

2018 ◽  
Vol 192 ◽  
pp. 02021
Author(s):  
Pittayaporn Gomarn ◽  
Jakrapong Pongpeng
Keyword(s):  
Construction Projects ◽  
Construction Project ◽  
Cost Overrun ◽  
Kuala Lumpur ◽  
Negative Effects ◽  
Project Failure ◽  
Similarities And Differences ◽  
Spss Software ◽  
Supervisory Staff

This research aims to compare the rank and importance level of failure indicators of the construction projects from the perception of Thai and Malaysian engineers. The questionnaire was used to survey the opinions of the engineers who supervised construction projects in Bangkok, Thailand and Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia. Analysis of the data was undertaken with the use of SPSS software which included a comparison of the importance level of construction project failure indicators from the perception of Thai and Malaysian engineers. Additionally, the Mann Whitney U test was used to compare the similarities and differences of construction project failure indicators from the perceptions of both Thai and Malaysian engineers. The results showed that construction project failure indicators from both Thai and Malaysian engineers were similar. Failure indicators ranked in importance were: 1) negative effects on safety, health and environment (18.83%), 2) cost overrun (18.44%), 3) time overruns (17.41%), 4) quality defects (16.43%), 5) stakeholders' dissatisfaction (15.36%), and 6) dispute and litigation (13.54%). The outcome of the research is therefore useful in assisting supervisory staff better understand project failure indicators. In addition, the research can be used as a guideline for analyzing the risk of failures in construction projects.

A Study of Frost-Heave Mechanics of High-Clay Content Soils

1984 ◽  
Vol 106 (4) ◽  
pp. 502-508
Author(s):  
R. N. Yong ◽  
P. Boonsinsuk ◽  
A. E. Tucker
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Construction Projects ◽  
Clay Content ◽  
Experimental Information ◽  
Frost Heave ◽  
Natural Soil ◽  
Scanning Electron Micrographs ◽  
Eastern Canada ◽  
Freeze Thaw ◽  
Soil Fabric

In this study, the problem of frost penetration in high-clay content soils is examined with the view to assessment of cyclic freeze-thaw effects on initial virgin unfrozen natural clays. The requirements for control of the frost-heave problem in many construction projects in the northern regions of Eastern Canada demand that proper prediction be made for both frost-heave pressures and magnitudes of frost heaving in the high-clay content soils. Laboratory cyclic freeze-thaw and frost-heave tests conducted have shown that the mechanical properties of the clay soils, which are virgin unfrozen natural soil samples obtained from Northern Quebec, are sensitive to cyclic freeze-thaw. In the cyclic freeze-thaw tests conducted, scanning electron micrographs taken from samples after various cycles show that the original soil fabric becomes more disturbed after the first few cycles. Particles are re-arranged, and a regrouping of particles into larger stable (or apparently stable) soil fabric units are formed after a certain number of cycles. In essence, this study provides the experimental information concerning the cyclic freeze-thaw effects on mechanical properties for some high-clay content soils, not initially subject to freezing.

scholarly journals Greenhouse Evaluation of Binucleate Rhizoctonia for Control of R. solani in Soybean

Plant Disease ◽  
2005 ◽  
Vol 89 (4) ◽  
pp. 373-379 ◽  
Author(s):  
F. U. Khan ◽  
B. D. Nelson ◽  
T. C. Helms
Keyword(s):  
Disease Severity ◽  
Natural Soil ◽  
Negative Effects ◽  
Binucleate Rhizoctonia ◽  
Screening Experiments ◽  
Rigorous Testing ◽  
Greenhouse Evaluation ◽  
Soybean Plants ◽  
Soil Mix ◽  
Potential Use

Nine isolates of binucleate Rhizoctonia (BNR) from soybean were screened in the greenhouse for control of Rhizoctonia solani anastomosis groups AG-4 and AG-2-2. Eight of nine BNR isolates, when combined with AG-4 or AG-2-2, significantly increased emergence and survival of soybean (cv. Ozzie) and reduced disease severity compared with AG-4 or AG-2-2 alone. The interaction of soybean cultivar and BNR isolates in the presence of AG-4 and AG-2-2 was also studied using three isolates of BNR, BNR-4, BNR-8-2, and BNR-8-3, and seven soybean cultivars. There was no BNR × cultivar interaction. With AG-4, BNRs significantly increased emergence and survival of cultivars and reduced disease severity, whereas with AG-2-2, BNRs reduced disease severity. Control of R. solani by BNRs was achieved in both a potting soil mix and natural soil. In the initial screening experiments, two BNR isolates reduced emergence, but in all subsequent experiments using three BNR isolates alone, there were no negative effects on germination, survival, or height of soybean plants, and there was no evidence of pathogenicity. In several experiments, BNRs alone significantly increased height of plants compared with the noninoculated controls. BNRs were consistently isolated from hypocotyls and roots, indicating colonization of tissues was associated with control. These BNR isolates may have potential use in management of R. solani in soybean, but will require rigorous testing under field conditions and more extensive studies of their biology.

scholarly journals Causes of Rework in Construction Projects in Ukraine

2019 ◽  
Vol 65 (3) ◽  
pp. 61-74
Author(s):  
R. Trach ◽  
K. Pawluk ◽  
M. Lendo-Siwicka
Keyword(s):  
Soviet Union ◽  
Construction Projects ◽  
Significant Decline ◽  
Real Estate Development ◽  
Negative Effects ◽  
Construction Enterprises ◽  
Construction Market ◽  
The Soviet Union ◽  
Political Turmoil

AbstractThe collapse of the Soviet Union was the cause of a significant decline in many economies of the newly created countries. However, many of them, including the Ukrainian economy, are slowly recovering. One of the largest branches of the economy in this country is construction, which, despite political turmoil, is constantly growing, especially in the private real estate development sector. Despite the fact that the construction market is constantly developing, it is limited by the costs of rework and alterations resulting from many reasons. The key negative effects of modifications to the results of the project are exceeding the budget and time of project implementation, dissatisfaction with the project team, violation of contractual requirements and lowering the quality of the final product. Therefore, the purpose of this article was to determine the reasons for the emergence of rework in the in Ukraine by analyzing the results of surveys conducted among construction enterprises.

scholarly journals Negative Effects caused by COVID-19 on Critical Path of Construction Projects

2021 ◽  
Vol 115 ◽  
pp. 03005
Author(s):  
Oliver Haas ◽  
Peter Markovič
Keyword(s):  
Construction Projects ◽  
Critical Path ◽  
Case Law ◽  
Disease Spread ◽  
Negative Effects ◽  
Construction Company ◽  
Force Majeure ◽  
Liquidated Damages ◽  
Management Literature ◽  
Contractual Obligations

Begun in 2020 COVID-19 disease spread all over the globe and negatively affected all areas of human activities and societies inclusive engineering and construction projects. This paper analyses how COVID-19 implications can be used as a general excuse by a construction company to relief from contractual obligations, e.g., liquidated damages. To answer this question, we compared existing case law, previous court decision and project management literature with potential global and force majeure arguments based on COVID-19 cases. Our results showed that a general “free out of jail” card using COVID-19 argument is not applicable and COVID-19 cannot be seen per se as a force majeure in general and for every situation. However, if the effects from COVID-19 implications are beyond the parties’ control and evidence shows that the contractor is actually disrupted and severely delayed the contractor is entitled for an extension of time or a delayed delivery of his performances. The paper concludes among other details that a COVID-19 argument can only be based on existing contractual provisions, accurate records of the as-built situation, proper notices of all kind of impacts and cause-and-effect considerations. Despite of any warning and if a contractor decides to rely on a global COVID-19 argument only it is a very risky endeavor and may backfire on him later on.

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