scholarly journals Characterization of Four Liver-Expressed Antimicrobial Peptides from Antarctic Fish and Their Antibacterial Activity

2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (20) ◽  
pp. 4299 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shweta Borkar ◽  
Sondavid Nandanwar ◽  
Jun Lee ◽  
Hak Kim
Keyword(s):  
Antibacterial Activity ◽  
Antimicrobial Peptides ◽  
Antarctic Fish ◽  
Effect Of Temperature ◽  
Dissostichus Mawsoni ◽  
Sytox Green ◽  
Uptake Assay ◽  
The Antarctic ◽  
Β Sheet

Liver-expressed antimicrobial peptides (LEAPs) are cysteine-containing cationic peptides. LEAP-1 and LEAP-2 are eight- and four-cysteine containing antimicrobial peptides found in animals, respectively. LEAP-1 is widely known as antibacterial peptide involved in the innate immunity of fish, but the roles of LEAP-1 and LEAP-2 in Antarctic fish species are unknown. In the present study, we synthesized and characterized novel LEAPs with four and eight cysteine residues, derived from Antarctic notothenioid (Dissostichus mawsoni) and Antarctic eelpout (Lycodichthys dearborni). Circular dichroism spectroscopy of these peptides showed a typical β-sheet conformation. The LEAPs were found to be bactericidal against gram-positive as well as gram-negative bacteria. In the SYTOX green uptake assay, LEAPs did not trigger any significant increase in fluorescence. However, LEAPs competitively bound to DNA and replaced the ethidium bromide (EB) dye. To determine the effect of temperature on the activity of LEAPs, we evaluated the antibacterial activity against Listeria monocytogenes at 5, 15, 25, and 35 °C. The results showed that the antibacterial activity of LEAPs increased with a decrease in temperature, which may indicate that the Antarctic fish LEAP are evolutionarily adapted. Taken together, our results suggest that novel Antarctic LEAPs are bactericidal peptides with the likely mode of action being DNA binding and may be evolved to adapt to cold temperature.

scholarly journals INFLUÊNCIA DA TEMPERATURA E DO pH NAS PROPRIEDADES CINÉTICAS DA LACTATO DESIDROGENASE DO MÚSCULO EPAXIAL DE Prochilodus scropha e Notothenia neglecta

1998 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
CLEONI SANTOS CARVALHO ◽  
RUBENS ROSA ◽  
KIKUE T. SASSAKI ◽  
METRY BACILA
Keyword(s):  
Lactate Dehydrogenase ◽  
Ph Effect ◽  
Antarctic Fish ◽  
Tropical Fish ◽  
Effect Of Temperature ◽  
Kinetic Properties ◽  
Activation Effect ◽  
Nad Oxidoreductase ◽  
The Antarctic ◽  
Epaxial Muscle

Foi levado a efeito um estudo comparativo das propriedades cinéticas da lactico desidrogenase (Llactato NAD+ oxidorreductase, E.C.1.1.1.27) purificada do músuclo epaxial do peixe tropical Prochilodus scropha e do peixe antártico Notothenia neglecta. Os seguintes parâmetros foram estudados: a. Efeito do pH; efeito da temperatura e valores para a energia de ativação; efeito da concentração de substrato e o efeito da temperatura sobre os valores de Km. Abstract It has been carried out a comparative study on the kinetic properties of the lactate dehydrogenase (L-lactate NAD+ oxidoreductase, E.C.1.1.1.27) purified from the epaxial muscle of the tropical fish Prochilodus scropha and the Antarctic fish Notothenia neglecta. The following parameters were studied: a. Effect of pH; effect of temperature and values for energy of activation; effect of substrate concentration and the effect of temperature on the Km values.

Selection and characterization of potential probiotic Lactobacilli spp isolated from chicken feces may be used as a potent antibacterial agent

2016 ◽  
Vol 35 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Nazila Aazami ◽  
Enayatollah Kalantar ◽  
Helen Poormazaheri ◽  
Nassimeh Setayesh vali Pour ◽  
Gholamreza Salehi Jouzan
Keyword(s):  
Antibacterial Activity ◽  
Antibiotic Resistance ◽  
Lactic Acid ◽  
Lactic Acid Bacteria ◽  
Acid Tolerance ◽  
Resistance Test ◽  
Effect Of Temperature ◽  
Rdna Sequencing

<italic>Lactobacillus</italic> strains commonly used as probiotics which possess some properties such as resistance to gastric acidity and bile salts, production of antimicrobial compounds, the ability to modulate immune responses, and adhesion to gut tissues. This study aimed to isolate, identify, production and characterization of the probiotic strains. Total of 10 digestive tracts of chickens fed without antibiotics for presence of <italic>Lactobacillus spp</italic> was evaluated. All isolates were grown with different conditions like effect of temperature, pH, pepsine, bile, sodium chloride tolerance, aggregation, adhesion and antibiotic resistance test tested and then antibacterial activity was determined.In this study, 34 lactic acid bacteria were investigated as putative probiotic candidates. Based on the molecular identification using 16S rDNA sequencing the isolates belonged to <italic>Lactobacillus</italic> species. The strains showed potent antibacterial activity. The results on acid tolerance showed that all the strains tested survived at pH 2.0 to 5.5. <italic>L. agilis</italic> strain M18, <italic>L. salivarius</italic> strain M10, <italic>L.vaginalis</italic> strains M8 and M19, and <italic>L. crispatus</italic> strains Or2 and M10 showed the lowest sensitivity to pepsine. All the studied Lactobacillus strains were able to grow at both 15 and 45°C . Five Lactobacillus strains adhered well to the Caco-2 cells. The result of antibiotic resistance test of 34 lactic acid bacteria showed that most of them were resistant or intermediate. Based on 34 <italic>Lactobacillus</italic> strains, <italic>L. vaginalis</italic> strain M8 and <italic>L. reuteri</italic> strain M6 were selected for the further in vivo assays and possible eventual use as prophylactic and therapeutic agent.

scholarly journals Insertion Hot Spots of DIRS1 Retrotransposon and Chromosomal Diversifications among the Antarctic Teleosts Nototheniidae

2019 ◽  
Vol 20 (3) ◽  
pp. 701 ◽  
Author(s):  
Juliette Auvinet ◽  
Paula Graça ◽  
Laura Ghigliotti ◽  
Eva Pisano ◽  
Agnès Dettaï ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Hot Spots ◽  
Chromosomal Rearrangements ◽  
Antarctic Fish ◽  
Wide Distribution ◽  
Suitable Model ◽  
Fish Family ◽  
The Antarctic ◽  
Antarctic Teleosts

By their faculty to transpose, transposable elements are known to play a key role in eukaryote genomes, impacting both their structuration and remodeling. Their integration in targeted sites may lead to recombination mechanisms involved in chromosomal rearrangements. The Antarctic fish family Nototheniidae went through several waves of species radiations. It is a suitable model to study transposable element (TE)-mediated mechanisms associated to genome and chromosomal diversifications. After the characterization of Gypsy (GyNoto), Copia (CoNoto), and DIRS1 (YNoto) retrotransposons in the genomes of Nototheniidae (diversity, distribution, conservation), we focused on their chromosome location with an emphasis on the three identified nototheniid radiations (the Trematomus, the plunderfishes, and the icefishes). The strong intrafamily TE conservation and wide distribution across species of the whole family suggest an ancestral acquisition with potential secondary losses in some lineages. GyNoto and CoNoto (including Hydra and GalEa clades) mostly produced interspersed signals along chromosomal arms. On the contrary, insertion hot spots accumulating in localized regions (mainly next to centromeric and pericentromeric regions) highlighted the potential role of YNoto in chromosomal diversifications as facilitator of the fusions which occurred in many nototheniid lineages, but not of the fissions.

Characterization of Selenoprotein P cDNA of the Antarctic toothfish Dissostichus mawsoni and its role under cold pressure

Gene ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 647 ◽  
pp. 150-156
Author(s):  
Yan Li ◽  
Juntao Luo ◽  
Qiongqiong Xu ◽  
Yanwen Hou ◽  
Penglei Jiang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Selenoprotein P ◽  
Antarctic Toothfish ◽  
Dissostichus Mawsoni ◽  
The Antarctic ◽  
Cold Pressure

scholarly journals The effect of temperature on catalytic and regulatory functions of pyruvate kinases of the rainbow trout and the Antarctic fish Trematomus bernacchii

1968 ◽  
Vol 110 (3) ◽  
pp. 395-400 ◽  
Author(s):  
G. N. Somero ◽  
P. W. Hochachka
Keyword(s):  
Rainbow Trout ◽  
Pyruvate Kinase ◽  
Feedback Inhibition ◽  
Antarctic Fish ◽  
Effect Of Temperature ◽  
Km Value ◽  
Trematomus Bernacchii ◽  
Regulatory Functions ◽  
Pyruvate Kinases ◽  
The Antarctic

1. The effects of temperature on the catalytic and regulatory properties of pyruvate kinases from the temperate-zone rainbow trout and the Antarctic fish Trematomus bernacchii were examined. 2. The Km value of pyruvate kinase for one of its two substrates, phosphoenolpyruvate, is temperature-dependent, and is lowest at temperatures that closely coincide with the habitat temperatures of the two fishes. 3. Two regulatory functions of pyruvate kinase, feedforward activation by fructose diphosphate and feedback inhibition by ATP, are temperature-independent. Enzyme–ADP interaction is also temperature-independent. 4. It is concluded that enzyme–substrate and enzyme–modulator interactions are important factors in short-term and in evolutionary adaptations by poikilotherms to changes in temperature. Though the Km for substrate may vary in apparently adaptive manners, the regulatory functions of an enzyme appear to be unchanged over the range of temperatures experienced by the organism in Nature.

Bacillus piscis sp. nov., a novel bacterium isolated from the muscle of the antarctic fish Dissostichus mawsoni

2016 ◽  
Vol 54 (12) ◽  
pp. 809-813
Author(s):  
Jae-Bong Lee ◽  
Seon Hwa Jeon ◽  
Seok-Gwan Choi ◽  
Hee-Young Jung ◽  
Myung Kyum Kim ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Antarctic Fish ◽  
Dissostichus Mawsoni ◽  
Novel Bacterium ◽  
The Antarctic

Characterization of the cytoplasmic chaperonin containing TCP-1 from the Antarctic fish Notothenia coriiceps

Extremophiles ◽  
2006 ◽  
Vol 10 (6) ◽  
pp. 537-549 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sandra Pucciarelli ◽  
Sandra K. Parker ◽  
H. William Detrich ◽  
Ronald Melki
Keyword(s):  
Antarctic Fish ◽  
Notothenia Coriiceps ◽  
The Antarctic
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