scholarly journals UAV-Based Air Pollutant Source Localization Using Combined Metaheuristic and Probabilistic Methods

2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (18) ◽  
pp. 3712 ◽  
Author(s):  
Noe Yungaicela-Naula ◽  
Luis E. Garza-Castañon ◽  
Youmin Zhang ◽  
Luis I. Minchala-Avila
Keyword(s):  
Source Localization ◽  
Air Pollutant ◽  
Probabilistic Methods ◽  
Polluted Environment ◽  
High Concentration ◽  
Probability Map ◽  
Simulation Based ◽  
Pollutant Source ◽  
Low Costs ◽  
Sensor Information

Air pollution is one of the greatest risks for the health of people. In recent years, platforms based on Unmanned Aerial Vehicles (UAVs) for the monitoring of pollution in the air have been studied to deal with this problem, due to several advantages, such as low-costs, security, multitask and ease of deployment. However, due to the limitations in the flying time of the UAVs, these platforms could perform monitoring tasks poorly if the mission is not executed with an adequate strategy and algorithm. Their application can be improved if the UAVs have the ability to perform autonomous monitoring of the areas with a high concentration of the pollutant, or even to locate the pollutant source. This work proposes an algorithm to locate an air pollutant’s source by using a UAV. The algorithm has two components: (i) a metaheuristic technique is used to trace the increasing gradient of the pollutant concentration, and (ii) a probabilistic component complements the method by concentrating the search in the most promising areas in the targeted environment. The metaheuristic technique has been selected from a simulation-based comparative analysis between some classical techniques. The probabilistic component uses the Bayesian methodology to build and update a probability map of the pollutant source location, with each new sensor information available, while the UAV navigates in the environment. The proposed solution was tested experimentally with a real quadrotor navigating in a virtual polluted environment. The results show the effectiveness and robustness of the algorithm.

Increase associated risk of gynaecological cancer due to long-term exposure to high concentration of atmospheric SO2 industrial pollutant

2021 ◽  
pp. 1420326X2110036
Author(s):  
Qian Xu ◽  
Chan Lu ◽  
Rachael Gakii Murithi ◽  
Lanqin Cao
Keyword(s):  
Time Windows ◽  
Air Pollutant ◽  
Gynaecological Cancer ◽  
High Concentration ◽  
The Past ◽  
Short And Long Term ◽  
Using Data ◽  
Air Quality Monitoring Stations ◽  
Control Study

A cohort case–control study was conducted in XiangYa Hospital, Changsha, China, which involved 305 patients and 399 healthy women, from June 2010 to December 2018, to evaluate the association between Chinese women’s short- and long-term exposure to industrial air pollutant, SO2 and gynaecological cancer (GC). We obtained personal and family information from the XiangYa Hospital electronic computer medical records. Using data obtained from the air quality monitoring stations in Changsha, we estimated each woman’s exposure to the industrial air pollutant, sulphur dioxide (SO2), for different time windows, including the past 1, 5, 10 and 15 years before diagnosis of the disease. A multiple logistic regression model was used to assess the association between GC and SO2 exposure. GC was significantly associated with long-term SO2 exposure, with adjusted odds ratio (95% confidence interval) = 1.56 (1.10–2.21) and 1.81 (1.07–3.06) for a per interquartile range increase in the past 10 and 15 years, respectively. Sensitivity analysis showed that different groups reacted in different ways to long-term SO2 exposure. We concluded that long-term exposure to high concentration of industrial pollutant, SO2 is associated with the development of GC. This finding has implications for the prevention and reduction of GC.

scholarly journals Effect of pollutant source location on air pollutant dispersion around a high-rise building

2020 ◽  
Vol 81 ◽  
pp. 582-602 ◽  
Author(s):  
Erfan Keshavarzian ◽  
Ruizhi Jin ◽  
Kejun Dong ◽  
Kenny C.S. Kwok ◽  
Yu Zhang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Pollutant Dispersion ◽  
Source Location ◽  
Air Pollutant ◽  
High Rise ◽  
High Rise Building ◽  
Air Pollutant Dispersion ◽  
Pollutant Source

scholarly journals Regional Air Pollutant Characteristics and Health Risk Assessment of Large Cities in Northeast China

Atmosphere ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (11) ◽  
pp. 1519
Author(s):  
Chunsheng Fang ◽  
Hanbo Gao ◽  
Zhuoqiong Li ◽  
Ju Wang
Keyword(s):  
Clustering Analysis ◽  
Northeast China ◽  
Carcinogenic Risk ◽  
Air Pollutant ◽  
The Yellow Sea ◽  
Trajectory Clustering ◽  
High Concentration ◽  
Backward Trajectory ◽  
Average Value ◽  
Potential Source

This study systematically investigated the pollution characteristics of atmospheric O3 and PM2.5, regional transport, and their health risks in three provincial capitals in northeast China during 2016–2020. The results show that O3 concentrations showed a trend of high summer and low winter, while PM2.5 concentrations showed a trend of high winter and low summer during these five years. The results of the correlation analysis indicate that external sources contribute more O3, while PM2.5 is more from local sources. The backward trajectory clustering analysis results showed that Changchun had the highest share of northwest trajectory with a five-year average value of 67.89%, and the city with the highest percentage of southwest trajectory was Shenyang with a five-year average value of 23.95%. The backward trajectory clustering analysis results showed that the share of the northwest trajectory decreased and the share of the southwest trajectory increased for all three cities in 2020 compared to 2016. The results of the potential source contribution function (PSCF) and concentration weighting trajectory (CWT) analysis showed that the main potential source areas and high concentration contribution areas for PM2.5 in the northeast were concentrated in Mongolia, Inner Mongolia, Shandong Province, and the northeast, and for O3 were mainly located in Shandong, Anhui, and Jiangsu Provinces, and the Yellow Sea and Bohai Sea. The non-carcinogenic risk of PM2.5 in Harbin was high with a HQ of 2.04, while the other cities were at acceptable levels (HQ < 0.69) and the non-carcinogenic risk of O3 was acceptable in all three cities (HQ < 0.22). However, PM2.5 had a high carcinogenic risk (4 × 10−4 < CR < 0.44) and further treatment is needed to reduce the risk.

Strategies to mitigate cardiovascular effects of noise and air pollution

ESC CardioMed ◽  
2018 ◽  
pp. 3109-3110
Author(s):  
Thomas Münzel ◽  
Sanjay Rajagopalan ◽  
Mette Sørenson ◽  
Dave Newby ◽  
Robert D. Brook
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Air Pollution ◽  
Cardiovascular Effects ◽  
Noise Pollution ◽  
Air Pollutant ◽  
Pollutant Emissions ◽  
The World ◽  
Potential Benefits ◽  
Pollutant Source ◽  
Independent Risk Factors

Several studies suggest traffic-related air and noise pollution are independent risk factors for cardiovascular disease. In general, efforts to mitigate air pollution and noise are complex endeavours as they involve addressing their sources, which vary depending on the country and region of the world and complex economic and geopolitical considerations. This chapter describes interventions and mitigating measures aimed at reducing both air and noise pollution emitted from traffic. Interventions identified with the greatest potential benefits largely focus on the air and noise pollutant source, such as reductions in traffic volume and air pollutant emissions.

Selected Contribution: Effect of the aldehyde acrolein on acetylcholine-induced membrane current in airway smooth muscle cells

2001 ◽  
Vol 90 (2) ◽  
pp. 750-754 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jean-Marc Hyvelin ◽  
Jean-Pierre Savineau ◽  
Roger Marthan
Keyword(s):  
Protective Role ◽  
Air Pollutant ◽  
Membrane Currents ◽  
Airway Smooth Muscle Cells ◽  
Induced Current ◽  
High Concentration ◽  
Induced Membrane ◽  
Rat Trachea ◽  
In Cells

Acrolein administered to isolated airways has been shown to alter airway responsiveness as a consequence of its effect on Ca2+ signaling. To examine the mechanisms involved, we studied the effect of acrolein on ACh- and caffeine-induced membrane currents (patch-clamp) in myocytes freshly isolated from rat trachea. In cells clamped at −60 mV, ACh (0.1–10 μM) induced a concentration-dependent inward current, which, in ∼50% of the cells, was followed by current oscillations in response to high concentration of ACh (10 μM). Exposure to acrolein (0.2 μM) for 10 min significantly enhanced the amplitude of the low-ACh (0.1 μM) concentration-induced initial peak of current (318.8 ± 28.3 vs. 251.2 ± 40.3 pA; n = 25, P < 0.05). At a high-ACh concentration (10 μM), the frequency at which subsequent peaks occurred was significantly increased (13.2 ± 1.1 vs. 8.7 ± 2 min−1; n = 20, P < 0.05). ACh-induced current was identified as a Ca2+-activated Cl− current. In contrast, similar exposure to acrolein, which does not alter caffeine-induced Ca2+ release, did not alter caffeine-induced transient membrane currents (595 ± 45 and 640 ± 45 pA in control cells and in cells exposed to acrolein, respectively; n = 15). It is concluded that acrolein alters ACh-induced current as a consequence of its effect on the cytosolic Ca2+ concentration response and that the protective role of inhibitors of Cl− channels in air pollutant-induced airway hyperresponsiveness should be examined.

scholarly journals Assessment of air quality for Kerbala city using field survey

2018 ◽  
Vol 162 ◽  
pp. 05015
Author(s):  
Riyad Al-Anbari ◽  
Zainab Mohammed ◽  
Muayad Ismail ◽  
Ali Resheq
Keyword(s):  
Field Survey ◽  
Field Tests ◽  
Air Pollutant ◽  
Monitoring Site ◽  
High Concentration ◽  
The North ◽  
Measuring Period ◽  
Volatile Organic ◽  
World Standard ◽  
The City

The main objectives of this work are monitoring and analyzing air pollutant gases in Karbala city like (O3, SO2, H2S, VOCS, TSP, CO, CO2, NO2, PM1, PM2.5, PM7 and PM10). In this study, 11 deferent locations with 22 monitoring site has been selected to measuring the concentrations of air pollutants. The measuring period was six months starting from December (2015) to May (2016). The concentration results of TSP were more than Iraqi and world standard during April and May. The concentrations of CO recorded high values at the north of the city. The maximum concentration of NO2 was exceeding (1.5 ppm) at April 2016, while the minimum value was reached to (0.1 ppm) in many locations. The values of O3 were within international and Iraqi standard limits while the SO2 concentrations were above the International standard limits. High concentration of CO2 were founded in the north site of Karbala. There were high H2S concentrations in all sites, H2S values were between (0.006 ppm - 1.81 ppm) during the period study, which were exceeding acceptable limits value of the international. There is variation in the volatile organic compounds (VOCs), the highest concentration for VOCs was about (20 ppm) at December 2015. The minimum concentrations of VOCs were recorded during March 2016. In all sites the concentrations were within the acceptable limits (3 ppm). The results of field tests of air sites show that the highest pollutants concentrations were in December, April and May months, whereas lower concentrations of pollutants are observed during the remainder of the study, especially in March.

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