scholarly journals Using CFD Simulation as a Tool to Identify Optimal Operating Conditions for Regeneration of a Catalytic Diesel Particulate Filter

2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (17) ◽  
pp. 3453 ◽  
Author(s):  
Valeria Di Sarli ◽  
Almerinda Di Benedetto
Keyword(s):  
Diesel Particulate Filter ◽  
Cfd Simulation ◽  
Catalyst Activity ◽  
High Sensitivity ◽  
Operating Conditions ◽  
Particulate Filter ◽  
Optimal Operating ◽  
Combustion Dynamics ◽  
Diesel Particulate ◽  
Time Required

In the work presented in this paper, CFD-based simulations of the regeneration process of a catalytic diesel particulate filter were performed with the aim of identifying optimal operating conditions in terms of trade-off between time for regeneration and peak temperature. In the model, all the soot trapped inside the filter was assumed to be in contact with the catalyst. Numerical results have revealed that optimization can be achieved at low inlet gas velocity by taking advantage of the high sensitivity of the soot combustion dynamics to the availability of oxygen. In particular, optimal conditions have been identified when operating with highly active catalysts at sufficiently low inlet gas temperatures, so as to lie on the boundary between kinetics-limited regeneration and oxygen transport-limited regeneration. As catalyst activity is increased, this boundary progressively shifts towards lower inlet gas temperatures, resulting in lower peak temperatures and shorter times for filter regeneration. Under such conditions, in order to further speed up the process while still ensuring temperature control, it is essential to keep the filter adequately hot, thus minimizing the time required for the preheating phase, which may be a significant part (up to 65%) of the total time required for regeneration (preheating plus soot consumption).

Experimental Analysis of Sudden Pressure Increase Phenomenon by Real-Time Internal Observation of Diesel Particulate Filter

2016 ◽  
Vol 138 (10) ◽  
Author(s):  
Rui Fukui ◽  
Yuki Okamoto ◽  
Masayuki Nakao
Keyword(s):  
Particulate Matter ◽  
Pressure Drop ◽  
Diesel Particulate Filter ◽  
Operating Conditions ◽  
Particulate Filter ◽  
Exhaust Gas ◽  
Visualization Method ◽  
Diesel Particulate ◽  
Wide Perspective ◽  
Deposit Layer

As a way of reducing the amount of particulate matter (PM) contained in the exhaust gas, diesel particulate filter (DPF) is widely used. To keep the condition of DPF normal and effective, estimation of the amount of PM deposits in the DPF is important. The estimation is mainly conducted based on the value of pressure drop across the DPF. Occasionally, the value of the pressure drop rises suddenly and it leads to overestimation of the amount of PM deposits. In order to elucidate the cause of the sudden pressure drop increase phenomenon, this paper first reveals the engine operating conditions which invoke this phenomenon. The authors also have developed a visualization method to realize the wide-perspective internal observation of the DPF. The observation experiment has been conducted with a commercial engine and DPF under the revealed conditions. Experimental results make clear that the phenomenon is caused by PM deposit layer collapse and channel plugging.

Active route planning for active diesel particulate filter regeneration

2019 ◽  
Vol 234 (7) ◽  
pp. 1854-1868
Author(s):  
Xiangrui Zeng ◽  
Jae Hyung Lim ◽  
John W Schmotzer ◽  
Amit Mohanty
Keyword(s):  
Diesel Particulate Filter ◽  
High Speed ◽  
Route Planning ◽  
Operating Conditions ◽  
Traffic Information ◽  
Particulate Filter ◽  
Dijkstra Algorithm ◽  
Correctness Proof ◽  
Diesel Particulate ◽  
Filter Regeneration

The vehicle route choice has great impact on the vehicle operating conditions, but it has rarely been used as a way to create desired vehicle operation and benefit automotive control. This paper presents a route planning algorithm which generates a route that meets the requirement of high-speed driving time from the diesel particulate filter controller for an active diesel particulate filter regeneration. Real-time traffic information is considered when designing the route. A new routing algorithm based on the unconstrained Dijkstra algorithm is developed to approximately solve this consecutive-highway-time-constrained shortest-path problem. A correctness proof of the algorithm is given based on an augmented graph. Examples are provided to show the scenarios in which the proposed routes can facilitate the diesel particulate filter regeneration control without adding too much travel time cost.

Experimental Analysis of Sudden Pressure Increase Phenomenon by Real-Time Internal Observation of Diesel Particulate Filter

2015 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rui Fukui ◽  
Yuki Okamoto ◽  
Masayuki Nakao
Keyword(s):  
Particulate Matter ◽  
Pressure Drop ◽  
Diesel Particulate Filter ◽  
Operating Conditions ◽  
Particulate Filter ◽  
Exhaust Gas ◽  
Visualization Method ◽  
Diesel Particulate ◽  
Wide Perspective ◽  
Deposit Layer

As a way of reducing the amount of Particulate Matter (PM) contained in the exhaust gas, Diesel Particulate Filter (DPF) is widely used. To keep the condition of DPF normal and effective, estimation of the amount of PM deposits in the DPF is important. The estimation is mainly conducted based on the value of pressure drop across the DPF. Occasionally, the value of the pressure drop rises suddenly and it leads to overestimation of the amount of PM deposits. In order to elucidate the cause of the sudden pressure drop increase phenomenon, this paper firstly reveals the engine operating conditions which invoke this phenomenon. The authors also have developed a visualization method to realize the wide-perspective internal observation of the DPF. The observation experiment has been conducted with a commercial engine and DPF under the revealed conditions. Experimental results make clear that the phenomenon is caused by PM deposit layer collapse and channel plugging.

Comparative analysis on the effects of diesel particulate filter and selective catalytic reduction systems on a wide spectrum of chemical species emissions

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Z. Gerald Liu ◽  
Devin R. Berg ◽  
Thaddeus A. Swor ◽  
James J. Schauer‡
Keyword(s):  
Diesel Engine ◽  
Selective Catalytic Reduction ◽  
Diesel Particulate Filter ◽  
Catalytic Reduction ◽  
Wide Spectrum ◽  
Chemical Species ◽  
Pollutant Emissions ◽  
Particulate Filter ◽  
Diesel Particulate ◽  
Aftertreatment Systems

Two methods, diesel particulate filter (DPF) and selective catalytic reduction (SCR) systems, for controlling diesel emissions have become widely used, either independently or together, for meeting increasingly stringent emissions regulations world-wide. Each of these systems is designed for the reduction of primary pollutant emissions including particulate matter (PM) for the DPF and nitrogen oxides (NOx) for the SCR. However, there have been growing concerns regarding the secondary reactions that these aftertreatment systems may promote involving unregulated species emissions. This study was performed to gain an understanding of the effects that these aftertreatment systems may have on the emission levels of a wide spectrum of chemical species found in diesel engine exhaust. Samples were extracted using a source dilution sampling system designed to collect exhaust samples representative of real-world emissions. Testing was conducted on a heavy-duty diesel engine with no aftertreatment devices to establish a baseline measurement and also on the same engine equipped first with a DPF system and then a SCR system. Each of the samples was analyzed for a wide variety of chemical species, including elemental and organic carbon, metals, ions, n-alkanes, aldehydes, and polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons, in addition to the primary pollutants, due to the potential risks they pose to the environment and public health. The results show that the DPF and SCR systems were capable of substantially reducing PM and NOx emissions, respectively. Further, each of the systems significantly reduced the emission levels of the unregulated chemical species, while the notable formation of new chemical species was not observed. It is expected that a combination of the two systems in some future engine applications would reduce both primary and secondary emissions significantly.

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