scholarly journals Experimental Study on the Removal of Real Exhaust Pollutants from a Diesel Engine by Activated Carbon

2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (15) ◽  
pp. 3175 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zongyu Wang ◽  
Hailang Kuang ◽  
Jifeng Zhang ◽  
Lilin Chu ◽  
Yulong Ji
Keyword(s):  
Activated Carbon ◽  
Pressure Drop ◽  
Removal Efficiency ◽  
Industrial Applications ◽  
Pollutant Removal ◽  
Exhaust Gas ◽  
Excessive Pressure ◽  
Secondary Pollution ◽  
Pm Removal ◽  
Thermal Stability Of

So far, most of the experimental researchers studying the removal of diesel exhaust pollutants have done so with simulated exhaust gas, which cannot demonstrate the ability of catalysts accurately. Because activated carbon (AC) has low price, no secondary pollution, good adsorption performance, and certain catalytic activity, it has good application prospects in the field of marine exhaust pollutant removal. In this paper, the removal of particulate matter (PM), carbon monoxide (CO), and NOx from real exhaust gas by AC was studied. The results show that PM removal efficiency reached up to 77%, while the pressure drop increased with running time. AC may degenerate to some extent with the increase of temperature, resulting in a negative removal efficiency of CO. The denitration efficiency of AC was up to 34.5% without urea, and further increased to 44.8% after spraying urea, still a distance from industrial applications. In the future, it may be necessary to install a fan to compensate the reactor or to backwash the reactor to avoid excessive pressure drop. The thermal stability of the AC also needs to be improved. To increase the denitration performance, it may be helpful to modify the AC or impregnate other metal oxides.

Effective removal of particulate matter from air by using zeolite-coated filters

2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (35) ◽  
pp. 17960-17968 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dong Kyu Yoo ◽  
Ho Chul Woo ◽  
Sung Hwa Jhung
Keyword(s):  
Particulate Matter ◽  
Pressure Drop ◽  
Removal Efficiency ◽  
Effective Removal ◽  
Pm Removal ◽  
Better Than

Zeolites are very effective (much better than MOFs) in removal of particulate matter (PM) from air; NaX/cotton showed 3.6-times the PM removal efficiency of bare cotton with a small increase in the pressure drop of 9 Pa.

scholarly journals Activated carbon assisted electrocoagulation process for treating biotreated palm oil mill effluent

2021 ◽  
Vol 1192 (1) ◽  
pp. 012026
Author(s):  
A Tahreen ◽  
M S Jami ◽  
F Ali
Keyword(s):  
Activated Carbon ◽  
Removal Efficiency ◽  
Palm Oil ◽  
Pollutant Removal ◽  
Palm Oil Mill Effluent ◽  
Process Efficiency ◽  
Treated Wastewater ◽  
Critical Parameters ◽  
Wastewater Sample ◽  
Palm Oil Mill

Abstract Electrocoagulation (EC) is a sustainable wastewater treatment alternative that is widely studied because of its environmentally friendly nature, versatility, and simplicity in setup and operation. However, EC alone cannot treat wastewater up to reusable standards and requires integration with other processes, mostly by adding highly hazardous oxidants. This work aims to investigate the combination of powdered activated carbon (AC) with biotreated palm oil mill effluent (BPOME) as wastewater sample, in the EC reactor, and to optimize its concentration for maximum pollutant removal efficiency. Ranging from 0.5-1.5 wt. % concentration of AC mixed with EC reactor, EC was carried out with its critical parameters set to a current of 1.75 A (i.e., 160 mA/cm2 current density) and initial pH 6 and 10 mm interelectrode distance with aluminum electrodes. The EC treated wastewater was sampled from 5 minutes to 60 minutes and the parameters monitored were total suspended solids (TSS), turbidity, color and chemical oxygen demand (COD). Turbidity, TSS and color were removed nearly to completion within 5 to 15 minutes of EC, whereas maximum COD removal was determined to be 84.6 % with 1 wt. % powdered AC combined with EC, which is an increase of about 14.6% compared to EC with no AC addition. The optimum concentration of AC for maximum removal efficiency on BPOME was 1 wt. % (2 g per 200 ml). Addition of AC in EC resulted in a faster pollutant removal rate, with enhanced process efficiency.

Adsorption and Catalysis of Orange II from Wastewater by Inorganic-Organic-Bentonite

2011 ◽  
Vol 340 ◽  
pp. 236-240
Author(s):  
Jian Feng Ma ◽  
Jian Ming Yu ◽  
Bing Ying Cui ◽  
Ding Long Li ◽  
Juan Dai
Keyword(s):  
Adsorption Capacity ◽  
Removal Efficiency ◽  
Dye Removal ◽  
Maximum Adsorption Capacity ◽  
Orange Ii ◽  
Acid Dye ◽  
Secondary Pollution ◽  
Organic Bentonite ◽  
Maximum Removal

Inorganic-organic-bentonite was synthesized by modification of bentonite by Hydroxy-iron and surfactant, which could be applied in dye removal by adsorption and catalysis. The removal of acid dye Orange II was studied at various factors such as time and pH of solution. The results showed that the inorganic-organic-bentonite could efficiently remove the dye with efficiency of 96.22%. The maximum adsorption capacity is 76 mg/g. The pH of solution has significant effect on both adsorption and catalysis. When pH was 4, the maximum removal efficiency of adsorption and catalysis were 97.57% and 87.23%, respectively. After degradation, the secondary pollution was diminished and the bentonite could be reused.

scholarly journals Inorganic Nitrogen Production and Removal along the Sediment Gradient of a Stormwater Infiltration Basin

Water ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (3) ◽  
pp. 320
Author(s):  
Qianyao Si ◽  
Mary G. Lusk ◽  
Patrick W. Inglett
Keyword(s):  
Removal Efficiency ◽  
N Mineralization ◽  
Inorganic Nitrogen ◽  
Dry Season ◽  
Pollutant Removal ◽  
Net N Mineralization ◽  
Wet Season ◽  
Inorganic N ◽  
N Removal ◽  
Stormwater Infiltration

Stormwater infiltration basins (SIBs) are vegetated depressions that collect stormwater and allow it to infiltrate to underlying groundwater. Their pollutant removal efficiency is affected by the properties of the soils in which they are constructed. We assessed the soil nitrogen (N) cycle processes that produce and remove inorganic N in two urban SIBs, with the goal of further understanding the mechanisms that control N removal efficiency. We measured net N mineralization, nitrification, and potential denitrification in wet and dry seasons along a sedimentation gradient in two SIBs in the subtropical Tampa, Florida urban area. Net N mineralization was higher in the wet season than in the dry season; however, nitrification was higher in the dry season, providing a pool of highly mobile nitrate that would be susceptible to leaching during periodic dry season storms or with the onset of the following wet season. Denitrification decreased along the sediment gradient from the runoff inlet zone (up to 5.2 μg N/g h) to the outermost zone (up to 3.5 μg N/g h), providing significant spatial variation in inorganic N removal for the SIBs. Sediment accumulating around the inflow areas likely provided a carbon source, as well as maintained stable anaerobic conditions, which would enhance N removal.

scholarly journals Treatment of Combined Dairy and Domestic Wastewater with Constructed Wetland System in Sicily (Italy). Pollutant Removal Efficiency and Effect of Vegetation

Water ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (8) ◽  
pp. 1086
Author(s):  
Mario Licata ◽  
Roberto Ruggeri ◽  
Nicolò Iacuzzi ◽  
Giuseppe Virga ◽  
Davide Farruggia ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Plant Growth ◽  
Organic Compounds ◽  
Removal Efficiency ◽  
Constructed Wetland ◽  
Organic Pollutant ◽  
Dairy Farm ◽  
Domestic Wastewater ◽  
Pollutant Removal ◽  
Dairy Wastewater ◽  
Giant Reed

Dairy wastewater (DWW) contains large amounts of mineral and organic compounds, which can accumulate in soil and water causing serious environmental pollution. A constructed wetland (CW) is a sustainable technology for the treatment of DWW in small-medium sized farms. This paper reports a two-year study on the performance of a pilot-scale horizontal subsurface flow system for DWW treatment in Sicily (Italy). The CW system covered a total surface area of 100 m2 and treated approximately 6 m3 per day of wastewater produced by a small dairy farm, subsequent to biological treatment. Removal efficiency (RE) of the system was calculated. The biomass production of two emergent macrophytes was determined and the effect of plant growth on organic pollutant RE was recorded. All DWW parameters showed significant differences between inlet and outlet. For BOD5 and COD, RE values were 76.00% and 62.00%, respectively. RE for total nitrogen (50.70%) was lower than that of organic compounds. RE levels of microbiological parameters were found to be higher than 80.00%. Giant reed produced greater biomass than umbrella sedge. A seasonal variation in RE of organic pollutants was recorded due to plant growth rate Our findings highlight the efficient use of a CW system for DWW treatment in dairy-cattle farms.

scholarly journals Performance of Iron-Functionalized Activated Carbon Catalysts (Fe/AC-f) on CWPO Wastewater Treatment

Catalysts ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (3) ◽  
pp. 337
Author(s):  
Sara Mesa Medina ◽  
Ana Rey ◽  
Carlos Durán-Valle ◽  
Ana Bahamonde ◽  
Marisol Faraldos
Keyword(s):  
Wastewater Treatment ◽  
Activated Carbon ◽  
Landfill Leachate ◽  
Surface Composition ◽  
Treatment Plant ◽  
Reaction Medium ◽  
Pollutant Removal ◽  
Operating Conditions ◽  
Water Matrix ◽  
The Stability

Two commercial activated carbon were functionalized with nitric acid, sulfuric acid, and ethylenediamine to induce the modification of their surface functional groups and facilitate the stability of corresponding AC-supported iron catalysts (Fe/AC-f). Synthetized Fe/AC-f catalysts were characterized to determine bulk and surface composition (elemental analysis, emission spectroscopy, XPS), textural (N2 isotherms), and structural characteristics (XRD). All the Fe/AC-f catalysts were evaluated in the degradation of phenol in ultrapure water matrix by catalytic wet peroxide oxidation (CWPO). Complete pollutant removal at short reaction times (30–60 min) and high TOC reduction (XTOC = 80 % at ≤ 120 min) were always achieved at the conditions tested (500 mg·L−1 catalyst loading, 100 mg·L−1 phenol concentration, stoichiometric H2O2 dose, pH 3, 50 °C and 200 rpm), improving the results found with bare activated carbon supports. The lability of the interactions of iron with functionalized carbon support jeopardizes the stability of some catalysts. This fact could be associated to modifications of the induced surface chemistry after functionalization as a consequence of the iron immobilization procedure. The reusability was demonstrated by four consecutive CWPO cycles where the activity decreased from 1st to 3rd, to become recovered in the 4th run. Fe/AC-f catalysts were applied to treat two real water matrices: the effluent of a wastewater treatment plant with a membrane biological reactor (WWTP-MBR) and a landfill leachate, opening the opportunity to extend the use of these Fe/AC-f catalysts for complex wastewater matrices remediation. The degradation of phenol spiked WWTP-MBR effluent by CWPO using Fe/AC-f catalysts revealed pH of the reaction medium as a critical parameter to obtain complete elimination of the pollutant, only reached at pH 3. On the contrary, significant TOC removal, naturally found in complex landfill leachate, was obtained at natural pH 9 and half stoichiometric H2O2 dose. This highlights the importance of the water matrix in the optimization of the CWPO operating conditions.

scholarly journals Enhanced catalytic ozonation of ibuprofen using a 3D structured catalyst with MnO2 nanosheets on carbon microfibers

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Guhankumar Ponnusamy ◽  
Hajar Farzaneh ◽  
Yongfeng Tong ◽  
Jenny Lawler ◽  
Zhaoyang Liu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Removal Efficiency ◽  
Active Sites ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Industrial Applications ◽  
Catalytic Ozonation ◽  
Heterogeneous Catalytic ◽  
Structured Catalyst ◽  
Dimensional Network ◽  
Carbon Microfibers

AbstractHeterogeneous catalytic ozonation is an effective approach to degrade refractory organic pollutants in water. However, ozonation catalysts with combined merits of high activity, good reusability and low cost for practical industrial applications are still rare. This study aims to develop an efficient, stable and economic ozonation catalyst for the degradation of Ibuprofen, a pharmaceutical compound frequently detected as a refractory pollutant in treated wastewaters. The novel three-dimensional network-structured catalyst, comprising of δ-MnO2 nanosheets grown on woven carbon microfibers (MnO2 nanosheets/carbon microfiber), was synthesized via a facile hydrothermal approach. Catalytic ozonation performance of Ibuprofen removal in water using the new catalyst proves a significant enhancement, where Ibuprofen removal efficiency of close to 90% was achieved with a catalyst loading of 1% (w/v). In contrast, conventional ozonation was only able to achieve 65% removal efficiency under the same operating condition. The enhanced performance with the new catalyst could be attributed to its significantly increased available surface active sites and improved mass transfer of reaction media, as a result of the special surface and structure properties of this new three-dimensional network-structured catalyst. Moreover, the new catalyst displays excellent stability and reusability for ibuprofen degradation over successive reaction cycles. The facile synthesis method and low-cost materials render the new catalyst high potential for industrial scaling up. With the combined advantages of high efficiency, high stability, and low cost, this study sheds new light for industrial applications of ozonation catalysts.

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