scholarly journals Verdet Constant of Magneto-Active Materials Developed for High-Power Faraday Devices

2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (15) ◽  
pp. 3160 ◽  
Author(s):  
David Vojna ◽  
Ondřej Slezák ◽  
Antonio Lucianetti ◽  
Tomáš Mocek
Keyword(s):  
High Power ◽  
Near Infrared ◽  
Active Material ◽  
Advanced Characterization ◽  
Active Materials ◽  
Verdet Constant ◽  
Faraday Rotation Angle ◽  
Laser Systems ◽  
Material Sample ◽  
Infrared Wavelengths

We review the progress in the investigation of the Verdet constant of new magneto-active materials for the Faraday-effect-based devices used in high-power laser systems. A practical methodology for advanced characterization of the Verdet constant of these materials is presented, providing a useful tool for benchmarking the new materials. The experimental setup used for the characterization is a flexible and robust tool for evaluating the Faraday rotation angle induced in the magneto-active material, from which the Verdet constant is calculated based on the knowledge of the magnetic field and the material sample parameters. A general model for describing the measured Verdet constant data as a function of wavelength and temperature is given. In the final part of this review, we present a brief overview of several magneto-active materials, which have been to-date reported as promising candidates for utilization in the Faraday devices. This overview covers room-temperature investigations of the Verdet constant of several materials, which could be used for the ultraviolet, visible, near-infrared and mid-infrared wavelengths.

scholarly journals Electromechanically reconfigurable optical nano-kirigami

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Shanshan Chen ◽  
Zhiguang Liu ◽  
Huifeng Du ◽  
Chengchun Tang ◽  
Chang-Yin Ji ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Near Infrared ◽  
Large Range ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
High Contrast ◽  
Si Substrate ◽  
High Modulation ◽  
Gold Nanostructure ◽  
Infrared Wavelengths ◽  
On Chip ◽  
Nano Electromechanical System

AbstractKirigami, with facile and automated fashion of three-dimensional (3D) transformations, offers an unconventional approach for realizing cutting-edge optical nano-electromechanical systems. Here, we demonstrate an on-chip and electromechanically reconfigurable nano-kirigami with optical functionalities. The nano-electromechanical system is built on an Au/SiO2/Si substrate and operated via attractive electrostatic forces between the top gold nanostructure and bottom silicon substrate. Large-range nano-kirigami like 3D deformations are clearly observed and reversibly engineered, with scalable pitch size down to 0.975 μm. Broadband nonresonant and narrowband resonant optical reconfigurations are achieved at visible and near-infrared wavelengths, respectively, with a high modulation contrast up to 494%. On-chip modulation of optical helicity is further demonstrated in submicron nano-kirigami at near-infrared wavelengths. Such small-size and high-contrast reconfigurable optical nano-kirigami provides advanced methodologies and platforms for versatile on-chip manipulation of light at nanoscale.

scholarly journals Bacterial Spore-Based Hygromorphs: A Novel Active Material with Potential for Architectural Applications

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (7) ◽  
pp. 4030
Author(s):  
Emily Birch ◽  
Ben Bridgens ◽  
Meng Zhang ◽  
Martyn Dade-Robertson
Keyword(s):  
Bacillus Subtilis ◽  
Architectural Design ◽  
Energy Input ◽  
Shape Change ◽  
Active Material ◽  
Meaningful Work ◽  
Sensors And Actuators ◽  
Active Materials ◽  
Environmental Humidity ◽  
New Material

This paper introduces a new active material which responds to changes in environmental humidity. There has been growing interest in active materials which are able to respond to their environment, creating dynamic architectural systems without the need for energy input or complex systems of sensors and actuators. A subset of these materials are hygromorphs, which respond to changes in relative humidity (RH) and wetting through shape change. Here, we introduce a novel hygromorphic material in the context of architectural design, composed of multiple monolayers of microbial spores of Bacillus subtilis and latex sheets. Methods of fabrication and testing for this new material are described, showing that small actuators made from this material demonstrate rapid, reversible and repeatable deflection in response to changes in RH. It is demonstrated that the hygromorphic actuators are able to lift at least 150% of their own mass. Investigations are also extended to understanding this new biomaterial in terms of meaningful work.

Large Mode Area Solid-Core Photonic Bandgap Yb-doped Fiber with Hetero-Structured Cladding for Compact High-Power Laser Systems

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-1
Author(s):  
Olivier Vanvincq ◽  
Andy Cassez ◽  
Remi Habert ◽  
Hicham El Hamzaoui ◽  
Karen Baudelle ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
High Power ◽  
Photonic Bandgap ◽  
Solid Core ◽  
High Power Laser ◽  
Power Laser ◽  
Large Mode Area ◽  
Laser Systems ◽  
Mode Area

Fibre-coupled air-cooled high-power diode laser systems

2008 ◽  
Author(s):  
Daniel Bartoschewski ◽  
Jens Meinschien ◽  
Udo Fornahl
Keyword(s):  
Diode Laser ◽  
High Power ◽  
Laser Systems ◽  
Power Diode ◽  
High Power Diode Laser

High-power, continuous-wave, single-frequency, all-periodically-poled, near-infrared source

2012 ◽  
Vol 37 (24) ◽  
pp. 5049 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kavita Devi ◽  
S. Chaitanya Kumar ◽  
M. Ebrahim-Zadeh
Keyword(s):  
High Power ◽  
Near Infrared ◽  
Continuous Wave ◽  
Single Frequency ◽  
Periodically Poled ◽  
Infrared Source

Spectral characteristics of leafy spurge (Euphorbia esula) leaves and flower bracts

Weed Science ◽  
2004 ◽  
Vol 52 (4) ◽  
pp. 492-497 ◽  
Author(s):  
E. Raymond Hunt ◽  
James E. McMurtrey ◽  
Amy E. Parker Williams ◽  
Lawrence A. Corp
Keyword(s):  
Remote Sensing ◽  
High Performance ◽  
Near Infrared ◽  
Spectral Characteristics ◽  
Leafy Spurge ◽  
Hyperspectral Remote Sensing ◽  
Total Carotenoids ◽  
Physiological Basis ◽  
Infrared Wavelengths ◽  
Pigment Concentrations

Leafy spurge can be detected during flowering with either aerial photography or hyperspectral remote sensing because of the distinctive yellow-green color of the flower bracts. The spectral characteristics of flower bracts and leaves were compared with pigment concentrations to determine the physiological basis of the remote sensing signature. Compared with leaves of leafy spurge, flower bracts had lower reflectance at blue wavelengths (400 to 500 nm), greater reflectance at green, yellow, and orange wavelengths (525 to 650 nm), and approximately equal reflectances at 680 nm (red) and at near-infrared wavelengths (725 to 850 nm). Pigments from leaves and flower bracts were extracted in dimethyl sulfoxide, and the pigment concentrations were determined spectrophotometrically. Carotenoid pigments were identified using high-performance liquid chromatography. Flower bracts had 84% less chlorophylla, 82% less chlorophyllb, and 44% less total carotenoids than leaves, thus absorptance by the flower bracts should be less and the reflectance should be greater at blue and red wavelengths. The carotenoid to chlorophyll ratio of the flower bracts was approximately 1:1, explaining the hue of the flower bracts but not the value of reflectance. The primary carotenoids were lutein, β-carotene, and β-cryptoxanthin in a 3.7:1.5:1 ratio for flower bracts and in a 4.8:1.3:1 ratio for leaves, respectively. There was 10.2 μg g−1fresh weight of colorless phytofluene present in the flower bracts and none in the leaves. The fluorescence spectrum indicated high blue, red, and far-red emission for leaves compared with flower bracts. Fluorescent emissions from leaves may contribute to the higher apparent leaf reflectance in the blue and red wavelength regions. The spectral characteristics of leafy spurge are important for constructing a well-documented spectral library that could be used with hyperspectral remote sensing.

A Dynamic Model of Magneto-Active Elastomer Actuation of the Waterbomb Base

2014 ◽  
Author(s):  
Landen Bowen ◽  
Mary Frecker ◽  
Timothy W. Simpson ◽  
Paris von Lockette
Keyword(s):  
Dynamic Model ◽  
Special Interest ◽  
Software Package ◽  
Applied Field ◽  
Active Material ◽  
Active Materials ◽  
Stiffness And Damping ◽  
Torsion Springs ◽  
Elastomer Actuation ◽  
Origami Engineering

Of special interest in the growing field of origami engineering is self-folding, wherein a material is able to fold itself in response to an applied field. In order to simulate the effect of active materials on an origami-inspired design, a dynamic model is needed. Ideally, the model would be an aid in determining how much active material is needed and where it should be placed to actuate the model to the desired position. A dynamic model of the origami waterbomb base, a well-known and foundational origami structure, is developed using Adams, a commercial dynamics software package. Creases are approximated as torsion springs with stiffness and damping. The stiffness of an origami crease is calculated, and the dynamic model is verified using the bistability of the waterbomb. An approximation of the torque produced by magneto-active elastomers (MAE) is calculated and is used to simulate MAE-actuated self-folding of the waterbomb.

Near-infrared high-power LED's with Ga<inf>1-x</inf>Al<inf>x</inf>As epitaxially grown junctions

1977 ◽  
Vol 13 (7) ◽  
pp. 525-531 ◽  
Author(s):  
K. Kurata ◽  
Y. Ono ◽  
M. Morioka ◽  
K. Ito ◽  
M. Mori
Keyword(s):  
High Power ◽  
Near Infrared
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