scholarly journals Vocal Pitch Discrimination in Children with and without Vocal Fold Nodules

2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (15) ◽  
pp. 3042 ◽  
Author(s):  
Elizabeth S. Heller Murray ◽  
Anne F. Hseu ◽  
Roger C. Nuss ◽  
Geralyn Harvey Woodnorth ◽  
Cara E. Stepp
Keyword(s):  
Fundamental Frequency ◽  
Vocal Fold ◽  
Forced Choice ◽  
Pitch Discrimination ◽  
Developmental Trend ◽  
Healthy Children ◽  
Vocal Pitch ◽  
Perceptual Abilities ◽  
Vocal Fold Nodules

Vocal pitch discrimination abilities were compared in sixteen children with vocal fold nodules (CwVN) and sixteen matched controls with typical voices (CwTV). Vocal pitch discrimination was also evaluated in thirty-five vocally healthy children and twenty adults to examine potential changes as a function of maturation. CwTV were categorized as either younger (N = 15, 5.6–7.7 years) or older (N = 20, 8.2–11.7 years). Participants completed two-alternative, forced choice listening tasks in which they judged whether pairs of sustained /ɑ/ tokens were different in pitch. Each pair consisted of a base token with a fundamental frequency (fo) of 216.2 Hz and a test token with a fo that was adaptively modified, according to the participant’s prior judgments. There were no significant differences in pitch discrimination abilities between CwVN and CwTV. Pitch discrimination abilities were significantly poorer in younger and older CwTV as compared to adults. Additionally, younger CwTV had significantly poorer discrimination abilities than older CwTV. Findings from this study suggest that CwVN do not have differences in pitch discrimination abilities, yet, therapies designed for CwVN should consider this developmental trend in perceptual abilities.

A Case Against Teflon Injection to Lower Vocal Pitch

1975 ◽  
Vol 40 (4) ◽  
pp. 499-501 ◽  
Author(s):  
Daniel H. Zwitman ◽  
Thomas C. Calcaterra
Keyword(s):  
Fundamental Frequency ◽  
Vocal Fold ◽  
Simple Technique ◽  
Vocal Folds ◽  
High Pitch ◽  
Significant Drop ◽  
Vocal Fold Injection ◽  
Vocal Pitch ◽  
Pitch Analysis ◽  
Inflammatory Changes

A patient with severe hoarseness was seen three months after Teflon injection of both vocal folds had been performed elsewhere to lower an abnormally high pitch. Pitch analysis utilizing voice spectrography revealed no significant drop in fundamental frequency. The hoarseness is presumed to have resulted from disparate glycerin absorption, inflammatory changes of the folds, and asynchronous vibration of the folds. Vocal fold injection to increase fold thickness and lower pitch is not a simple technique and is not advised until all parameters have been thoroughly studied.

scholarly journals Relative Fundamental Frequency in Children With and Without Vocal Fold Nodules

2020 ◽  
Vol 63 (2) ◽  
pp. 361-371
Author(s):  
Elizabeth S. Heller Murray ◽  
Roxanne K. Segina ◽  
Geralyn Harvey Woodnorth ◽  
Cara E. Stepp
Keyword(s):  
Fundamental Frequency ◽  
Vocal Fold ◽  
Motor System ◽  
Older Children ◽  
Functional Differences ◽  
Subject Variability ◽  
Relative Fundamental Frequency ◽  
Acoustic Measure ◽  
Vocal Fold Nodules ◽  
Within Subject Variability

Purpose Relative fundamental frequency (RFF) is an acoustic measure that is sensitive to functional voice differences in adults. The aim of the current study was to evaluate RFF in children, as there are known structural and functional differences between the pediatric and adult vocal mechanisms. Method RFF was analyzed in 28 children with vocal fold nodules (CwVN, M = 9.0 years) and 28 children with typical voices (CwTV, M = 8.9 years). RFF is the instantaneous fundamental frequency ( f 0 ) of the 10 vocalic cycles during devoicing (vocal offset) and 10 vocalic cycles during the revoicing (vocal onset) of the vowels that surround a voiceless consonant. Each cycle's f 0 was normalized to a steady-state portion of the vowel. RFF values for the cycles closest to the voiceless consonant, that is, Offset Cycle 10 and Onset Cycle 1, were examined. Results Average RFF values for Offset Cycle 10 and Onset Cycle 1 did not differ between CwVN and CwTV; however, within-subject variability of Offset Cycle 10 was decreased in CwVN. Across both groups, male children had lower Offset Cycle 10 RFF values as compared to female children. Additionally, Onset Cycle 1 values were decreased in younger children as compared to those of older children. Conclusions Unlike previous work with adults, CwVN did not have significantly different RFF values than CwTV. Younger children had lower RFF values for Onset Cycle 1 than older children, suggesting that vocal onset f 0 may provide information on the maturity of the laryngeal motor system.

Pediatric Benign Vocal Fold Lesions: A Team Approach

2009 ◽  
Vol 19 (3) ◽  
pp. 105-112 ◽  
Author(s):  
Geralyn Harvey Woodnorth ◽  
Roger C. Nuss
Keyword(s):  
Vocal Fold ◽  
Evaluation Process ◽  
Team Approach ◽  
Speech Language Pathologist ◽  
Benign Vocal Fold Lesions ◽  
Different Types ◽  
Team Evaluation ◽  
Surgical Treatments ◽  
Review Current ◽  
Vocal Fold Nodules

Abstract Many children with dysphonia present with benign vocal fold lesions, including bilateral vocal fold nodules, cysts, vocal fold varices, and scarring. Evaluation and treatment of these children are best undertaken in a thoughtful and coordinated manner involving both the speech-language pathologist and the otolaryngologist. The goals of this article are (a) to describe the team evaluation process based on a “whole system” approach; (b) to discuss etiological factors and diagnosis; and (c) to review current medical, behavioral, and surgical treatments for children with different types of dysphonia.

Reinke's Edema: Phonatory Mechanisms and Management Strategies

1997 ◽  
Vol 106 (7) ◽  
pp. 533-543 ◽  
Author(s):  
Steven M. Zeitels ◽  
Glenn W. Bunting ◽  
Robert E. Hillman ◽  
Traci Vaughn
Keyword(s):  
Lamina Propria ◽  
Fundamental Frequency ◽  
Vocal Fold ◽  
Management Strategies ◽  
Vocal Folds ◽  
Vocal Fold Vibration ◽  
Reinke’S Edema ◽  
Subglottal Pressure ◽  
Almost All ◽  
Superficial Lamina

Reinke's edema (RE) has been associated typically with smoking and sometimes with vocal abuse, but aspects of the pathophysiology of RE remain unclear. To gain new insights into phonatory mechanisms associated with RE pathophysiology, weused an integrated battery of objective vocal function tests to analyze 20 patients (19 women) who underwent phonomicrosurgical resection. Preoperative stroboscopic examinations demonstrated that the superficial lamina propria is distended primarily on the superior vocal fold surface. Acoustically, these individuals have an abnormally low average speaking fundamental frequency (123 Hz), and they generate abnormally high average subglottal pressures (9.7 cm H20). The presence of elevated aerodynamic driving pressures reflects difficulties in producing vocal fold vibration that are most likely the result of mass loading associated with RE, and possibly vocal hyperfunction. Furthermore, it is hypothesized that in the environment of chronic glottal mucositis secondary to smoking and reflux, the cephalad force on the vocal folds by the subglottal driving pressure contributes to the superior distention of the superficial lamina propria. Surgical reduction of the volume of the superficial lamina propria resulted in a significant elevation in fundamental frequency (154 Hz) and improvement in perturbation measures. In almost all instances, both the clinician and the patient perceived the voice as improved. However, these patients continued to generate elevated subglottal pressure (probably a sign of persistent hyperfunction) that was accompanied by visually observed supraglottal strain despite the normalsized vocal folds. This finding suggests that persistent hyperfunctional vocal behaviors may contribute to postsurgical RE recurrence if therapeutic strategies are not instituted to modify such behavior.

Benign Laryngeal Lesions

2022 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jeffrey Straub ◽  
Brandon Kim
Keyword(s):  
Laser Therapy ◽  
Vocal Fold ◽  
Clinical Presentation ◽  
Benign Tumors ◽  
Vocal Hygiene ◽  
Laryngeal Lesions ◽  
Benign Laryngeal Lesions ◽  
Vocal Fold Nodules

Benign laryngeal lesions represent a diverse set of pathologies whose clinical presentation may range from no symptoms to dyspnea and/or dysphonia. Flexible fiberoptic laryngoscopy and videolaryngostroboscopy are important in distinguishingdifferent types of lesions, and management and treatment are dependent on the identification of these lesions, as they have different etiologies. Some lesions such as vocal fold nodules and polyps are primarily phonotraumatic and may benefit fromspeech therapy and vocal hygiene as initial approaches. Vocal fold cysts and benign tumors may benefit from microlaryngeal approaches, while capillary ectasias, polypoid corditis, laryngoceles, saccular cysts, and papilloma may benefit from laser therapy. Vocal fold granulomas may arise from various etiologies such as intubation, traumatic behaviors, or reflux. Polypoid corditis arises from smoking. This review is intended to provide an overview of the variety of lesions that encompass non-malignant laryngeal lesions that is both suitable for junior and senior residents. This review contains 12 figures, 5 tables, and 64 references Keywords: Benign laryngeal lesions, Laryngocele, Polyp, Cyst, Polypoid Corditis, Papilloma

scholarly journals Multidimensional acoustic analysis of pathological voice

2009 ◽  
Vol 137 (5-6) ◽  
pp. 234-238
Author(s):  
Mirjana Petrovic-Lazic ◽  
Snezana Babac ◽  
Zoran Ivankovic ◽  
Rade Kosanovic
Keyword(s):  
Vocal Fold ◽  
Acoustic Analysis ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Acoustic Parameters ◽  
Vocal Rehabilitation ◽  
Voice Treatment ◽  
Before And After ◽  
The Voice ◽  
Vocal Fold Nodules ◽  
Pathological Voice

Introduction. There are subjective and objective ways to examine the effects of vocal therapy in voice disorders. The most precise and objective check-up is the use of computer voice analysis. Objective. The aim of the research was to perform a detailed analysis of acoustic structure of the vowel A before and after voice treatment in patients with vocal fold nodules in order to obtain objective verification of the vocal rehabilitation success. Methods. We examined 30 female patients, aged 34.6?6.69 years, with vocal fold nodules. Acoustic parameters of voice were compared with the control group consisting of 21 subjects without voice pathology. In all persons the vowel A was recorded and analyzed before and after a month of vocal therapy. The success of the vocal therapy was tracked using computer analysis of vocal structure. Signal, noise and tremor parameters were processed. Results. Of the analyzed vowel A parameters: STD, PER, JITA, JITT, RAP, vFO, ShdB, SHIM, APQ, VTI, SPI, F0, NHR, FTRI, eleven improved (p<0.05 and p<0.01). Three parameters (F0, NHR, FTRI) changed showing improvement, but the obtained differences were not statistically significant (p>0.05). Conclusion. Based on the obtained results it was concluded that vocal therapy gave satisfactory results, but that it should be continually applied until full stabilization of the voice.

Vocal fold kinematics and relative fundamental frequency as a function of obstruent type and speaker age

2021 ◽  
Vol 149 (4) ◽  
pp. 2189-2199
Author(s):  
Yeonggwang Park ◽  
Feng Wang ◽  
Manuel Díaz-Cádiz ◽  
Jennifer M. Vojtech ◽  
Matti D. Groll ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fundamental Frequency ◽  
Vocal Fold ◽  
Relative Fundamental Frequency

Vocal Fold Nodules

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-9
Author(s):  
Patrick O. McGarey ◽  
C. Blake Simpson
Keyword(s):  
Vocal Fold ◽  
Vocal Fold Nodules

Vocal fold nodules in children

2018 ◽  
Vol 26 (6) ◽  
pp. 426-430 ◽  
Author(s):  
Pamela Mudd ◽  
Carolyn Noelke
Keyword(s):  
Vocal Fold ◽  
Vocal Fold Nodules

scholarly journals Integration of Motor Learning Principles Into Real-Time Ambulatory Voice Biofeedback and Example Implementation Via a Clinical Case Study With Vocal Fold Nodules

2017 ◽  
Vol 26 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-10 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jarrad H. Van Stan ◽  
Daryush D. Mehta ◽  
Robert J. Petit ◽  
Dagmar Sternad ◽  
Jason Muise ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Motor Learning ◽  
Relative Frequency ◽  
Vocal Fold ◽  
Clinical Case ◽  
Clinical Effectiveness ◽  
Vocal Behavior ◽  
Clinical Case Study ◽  
Learning Principles ◽  
Vocal Fold Nodules

Purpose Ambulatory voice biofeedback (AVB) has the potential to significantly improve voice therapy effectiveness by targeting one of the most challenging aspects of rehabilitation: carryover of desired behaviors outside of the therapy session. Although initial evidence indicates that AVB can alter vocal behavior in daily life, retention of the new behavior after biofeedback has not been demonstrated. Motor learning studies repeatedly have shown retention-related benefits when reducing feedback frequency or providing summary statistics. Therefore, novel AVB settings that are based on these concepts are developed and implemented. Method The underlying theoretical framework and resultant implementation of innovative AVB settings on a smartphone-based voice monitor are described. A clinical case study demonstrates the functionality of the new relative frequency feedback capabilities. Results With new technical capabilities, 2 aspects of feedback are directly modifiable for AVB: relative frequency and summary feedback. Although reduced-frequency AVB was associated with improved carryover of a therapeutic vocal behavior (i.e., reduced vocal intensity) in a patient post-excision of vocal fold nodules, causation cannot be assumed. Conclusions Timing and frequency of AVB schedules can be manipulated to empirically assess generalization of motor learning principles to vocal behavior modification and test the clinical effectiveness of AVB with various feedback schedules.

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