scholarly journals Scanning Electron Microscopy Analysis and Energy Dispersion X-ray Microanalysis to Evaluate the Effects of Decontamination Chemicals and Heat Sterilization on Implant Surgical Drills: Zirconia vs. Steel

2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (14) ◽  
pp. 2837 ◽  
Author(s):  
Antonio Scarano ◽  
Sammy Noumbissi ◽  
Saurabh Gupta ◽  
Francesco Inchingolo ◽  
Pierbiagio Stilla ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscopy ◽  
Scanning Electron Microscopy ◽  
Metal Alloy ◽  
Zirconia Ceramic ◽  
Energy Dispersion ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Electron Microscopy Analysis ◽  
Indispensable Tool ◽  
Scanning Electron

Background: Drills are an indispensable tool for dental implant surgery. Today, there are ceramic zirconium dioxide and metal alloy drills available. Osteotomy drills are critical instruments since they come in contact with blood and saliva. Furthermore, they are reusable and should be cleaned and sterilized between uses. Depending on the material, sterilizing agents and protocols can alter the surface and sharpness of implant drills. The hypothesis is that cleaning and sterilization procedures can affect the surface structure of the drills and consequently reduce their cutting efficiency. Methods: Eighteen zirconia ceramic drills and eighteen metal alloy drills were evaluated. Within the scope of this study, the drills were not used to prepare implant sites. They were immersed for 10 min in human blood taken from volunteer subjects and then separately exposed to 50 cycles of cleansing with 6% hydrogen peroxide, cold sterilization with glutaraldehyde 2%, and autoclave heat sterilization. Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM) and energy dispersion X-ray (EDX) microanalysis were conducted before and after each cycle and was used to evaluate the drill surfaces for alterations. Results: After exposure to the cleansing agents used in this study, alterations were seen in the steel drills compared to zirconia. Conclusions: The chemical sterilization products used in this study cause corrosion of the metal drills and reduce their sharpness. It was observed that the cycles of steam sterilization did not affect any of the drills. Zirconia drill surfaces remained stable.

Effect of Joining Process on the Coatings of Self-Piercing Rivets

2012 ◽  
Vol 488-489 ◽  
pp. 1501-1505 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mahsa Esfahani ◽  
Yvonne Durandet ◽  
James Wang ◽  
Yat Choy Wong
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscopy ◽  
Scanning Electron Microscopy ◽  
Optical Microscopy ◽  
Mechanical Joining ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Riveting Process ◽  
Al Coating ◽  
Joining Process ◽  
Scanning Electron

In this study, effects of laser assisted self-pierce riveting (LSPR) as a mechanical joining technique were investigated on the coatings of self- piercing rivets. Zn-Sn and Al plated rivets were used to join magnesium sheets by LSPR. Microstructure, surface topography and roughness of the rivet’s coatings were characterized by optical microscopy, scanning electron microscopy (SEM), energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDS) and surface profilometry. A comparison of results before and after joining process showed that under joining conditions, Zn-Sn coating was deformed during riveting process and its thickness and microstructure varied along the rivet shank, while Al coating remained unchanged and no effects of riveting process was detected.

Ethylenediamine Processed Cu2SnS3 Nano Particles via Mild Solution Route

2016 ◽  
Vol 19 (1) ◽  
pp. 001-005 ◽  
Author(s):  
Paul Nesamony Prathiba Jeya Helan ◽  
Kannusamy Mohanraj ◽  
Sethuramachandran Thanikaikarasan ◽  
Thaiyan Mahalingam ◽  
Ganesan Sivakumar ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscopy ◽  
Scanning Electron Microscopy ◽  
Fourier Transform ◽  
Fourier Transform Infrared ◽  
Nano Particles ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Electron Microscopy Analysis ◽  
Microscopy Techniques ◽  
Scanning Electron

Copper tin sulphide nanoparticles have been prepared by solution growth technique at various ethylenediamine concentrations. Prepared samples have been characterized using x-ray diffraction, fourier transform infrared, Raman and scanning electron microscopy techniques. x-ray diffraction results revealed that the prepared samples are nanocrystalline in nature with tetragonal structure. Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy analysis results showed the presence of Cu-O, Sn-O and Sn-S vibrations in the wavenumber range between 450 and 620 cm-1. Vibrational symmetry of prepared samples have been analyzed using Raman spectroscopy. Scanning electron microscopy analysis indicated the formation of flower like nanocrystals for samples prepared at various Ethylenediamine concentrations.

Study on Spheroidization of Niobium Powders by RF Plasma Processing

2013 ◽  
Vol 442 ◽  
pp. 22-26
Author(s):  
Jian Jun Wang ◽  
Jun Jie Hao ◽  
Zhi Meng Guo
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscopy ◽  
Scanning Electron Microscopy ◽  
Feeding Rate ◽  
Plasma Processing ◽  
Argon Plasma ◽  
Rf Plasma ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Scanning Electron

Spherical niobium powders were synthesized by (RF) argon plasma with irregular niobium powders in this paper. The objective of the present work was to investigate how the feeding rate influence the spheroidization efficiency. The phase composition, morphology and particle size distribution of the powders before and after spheroidization were characterized by X-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and laser micron sizer (LMS). The results show that niobium powders after plasma processing have good dispersity and smooth surfaces, and their spheroidization ratio is almost 100%. The apparent density and flowability of the powder with the spheroidization efficiency 100% is 4.35 g/cm3 and 12.51 s/(50g), respectively. With the increasing of the feeding rate, the spheroidization ratio of niobium powders drops gradually.

Production of 3Y-PSZ Powders by Co-Precipitation and Milling

2008 ◽  
Vol 54 ◽  
pp. 50-55
Author(s):  
Erika Furlani ◽  
Eleonora Aneggi ◽  
Stefano Maschio
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscopy ◽  
Scanning Electron Microscopy ◽  
Amorphous Powder ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Attrition Milling ◽  
Electron Microscopy Analysis ◽  
Microscopy Analysis ◽  
Co Precipitation ◽  
Scanning Electron

The present research compares properties and behaviour of co-precipitated 3Y-PSZ powders submitted, after co-precipitation, to different milling treatments. The characteristics of the different products were evaluated by measurement of particle size distribution, thermogravimetric analysis, X-ray diffraction, specific surface area and scanning electron microscopy analysis. It has been demonstrated that 1h of attrition milling enables the production of powders with micrometric particles: the dispersing liquid used on milling has little influence. Crystallization of the amorphous powder is achieved after 1h of high energetic milling, without any thermal treatment.

scholarly journals Study of Calcium/Lead Apatite Structure Type for Stabilising Heavy Metals

2000 ◽  
Vol 658 ◽  
Author(s):  
Z.L. Dong ◽  
B. Wei ◽  
T.J. White
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscopy ◽  
Scanning Electron Microscopy ◽  
Structure Type ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
Etch Pits ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Transmission Electron ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Calcium Lead ◽  
Scanning Electron

ABSTRACT(CaxPb10−x)(VO4)6F2 apatites were synthesised and their microstructures were studied using powder X-ray diffraction, scanning electron microscopy and transmission electron microscopy before and after leach testing. X-ray diffraction showed that the apatites were hexagonal with a ≍ 10Å and c ≍ 7Å. During the leach test, Pb was released into the solution more slowly than Ca, which is desirable as the immobilisation of Pb is of importance. The experimental results also showed that V was almost undetectable in the leaching test solutions. In the (Ca7Pb3)(VO4)6F2 pellet, Ca and Pb distributions were not homogenous from one grain to another. Microstructural evidence from scanning electron microscopy revealed that the dissolution via development of etch pits began at grain boundaries and inside grains, and progressed faster in Ca rich regions. These results suggest that apatites of high Pb to Ca ratio are more durable.

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