scholarly journals An Indirect Measurement Method for Gas Consumption of a Diaphragm Gas Meter Based on Gas Pressure Signal Detection

2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (12) ◽  
pp. 2475
Author(s):  
Zhao Han ◽  
Xiaoli Wang ◽  
Baochen Jiang ◽  
Xiaopeng Chen
Keyword(s):  
Signal Detection ◽  
Internal Structure ◽  
Measurement Method ◽  
High Reliability ◽  
Physical Structure ◽  
Indirect Measurement ◽  
Gas Pressure ◽  
Calculation Error ◽  
Pressure Signal ◽  
Gas Consumption

At present, the remote meter reading problem for a large number of existing domestic diaphragm gas meters has not been reliably solved. The diaphragm gas meter uses a physical structure to measure gas consumption, so the main problem of remote meter reading is the digitization of gas consumption. Although it is possible to digitize the consumption data by modifying the internal structure of the gas meter or adding sensors, thereby realizing the function of remote meter reading, the modification process is complicated, the modification cost is high, and manual meter reading can only be used for the existing diaphragm gas meters. For this reason, this paper proposes an indirect measurement method of gas consumption based on gas pressure signal detection. The method can digitalize the metering results of the mechanical diaphragm gas meter and develop a state detection function by analyzing the pressure signal of the outlet of the meter without modifying the internal structure of a meter, thus addressing the key difficulties in the construction of a gas meter remote meter reading system. The experimental results show that this method has small calculation error and high reliability.

Thickness Indirect Measurement Method for Direct Pulling Pilot Cold Rolling Mill

2011 ◽  
Vol 189-193 ◽  
pp. 2670-2674
Author(s):  
Zhi Jie Jiao ◽  
Chun Yu He ◽  
Jian Ping Li ◽  
Xiang Hua Liu
Keyword(s):  
Cold Rolling ◽  
Rolling Mill ◽  
Measurement Method ◽  
Rolling Process ◽  
Indirect Measurement ◽  
Cold Rolling Mill ◽  
Movement Data ◽  
Program Flow ◽  
New Type ◽  
Exit Speed

Pilot cold rolling mill is the important tool for the cold rolling process researching and new steel grade development. According to the design of the new type direct pulling pilot cold rolling mill, based on the mass flow constant principle, strip exit thickness indirect measurement method is studied. During rolling, strip entry and exit speed can be calculated accurately according to the measured value of two sides’ clamps movement. Data filtering treatment is adopted and program flow chart is designed. Based on the material entry thickness measured manually, exit thickness of all passes can be measured indirectly. This thickness indirect measurement method has been applied successfully on the new type pilot cold rolling mill, and the measurement results show that this method has a good accuracy.

Remarks to Calibration in Chemistry

2012 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 67-76
Author(s):  
Viliam Patoprsty ◽  
Miroslava Valkova
Keyword(s):  
Reference Material ◽  
Measurement Method ◽  
Certified Reference Materials ◽  
Metrological Traceability ◽  
Indirect Measurement ◽  
Measuring Instrument ◽  
Real Situation ◽  
Stated Reference ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Crm Certification

Calibration is the operation establishing metrological traceability of values of calibrated measuring instrument scale (or reference material) to stated reference. In the case of indirect measurement it is necessary to know the relationship between determined quantity values and corresponding measurand values. If mathematic form of this relationship is unknown, it is substituted by its approximation. In this process a real situation is simplified by neglecting of influence quantities to a relation of two variables- independent versus dependent. Metrological traceability of certified reference materials (CRM) values intended for calibration purposes and characterised by means of a method working on the base of approximative function could be questionable. If a measurement method based on original relationship already exists, it should be strongly preferred in the process of CRM certification to methods based on approximation of original relationship.

The influence of the process parameters on the surface integrity during peripheral milling of Ti-6Al-4V

2020 ◽  
Vol 87 (11) ◽  
pp. 721-731 ◽  
Author(s):  
Matthias Wimmer ◽  
Muhammed Zubair Shahul Hameed ◽  
Christoph Wölfle ◽  
Vanessa Weisbrodt ◽  
Michael Friedrich Zaeh ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Residual Stresses ◽  
Surface Integrity ◽  
End Milling ◽  
High Reliability ◽  
Indirect Measurement ◽  
Milling Process ◽  
Peripheral Milling ◽  
Residual Stress State ◽  
Surface Alteration ◽  
Cutting Velocity

AbstractThe titanium alloy Ti-6Al-4V represents a significant metal portion of state-of-the-art aircraft structural and engine components. When critical structural components in the aerospace industry are manufactured with the objective to reach high reliability levels, surface integrity is one of the most relevant parameters used for evaluating the quality of machined surfaces. The residual stresses and the surface alteration induced by machining titanium alloys are critical due to safety and sustainability issues. In this paper, a series of end milling experiments was conducted to comprehensively characterize the surface integrity at various milling conditions. The experimental results have shown that the surface roughness value increases with the feed and the cutting velocity. However, the residual stress state in the surface layer zone is influenced by the variation of the process control variables. Here, compressive residual stresses occur both in cutting and in feed direction. In addition, a new type of sensory tool holder is presented, which should enable the indirect measurement of residual stresses during the milling process.

Propagation and Attenuation of Pressure Waves in Dispersed Two-Phase Flows

2016 ◽  
Vol 139 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Jaqueline Costa Martins ◽  
Paulo Seleghim
Keyword(s):  
Measurement Method ◽  
Indirect Measurement ◽  
Acoustic Energy ◽  
Internal Diameter ◽  
Pressure Waves ◽  
Two Phase ◽  
Oscillatory Solutions ◽  
Proposed Model ◽  
Dissipation Model ◽  
Liquid Flows

The propagation and attenuation of pressure waves in highly dispersed gas–liquid flows are investigated in this work, and an indirect measurement method is proposed to assess the attenuation coefficient in short pipelines. Additionally, a mechanistic acoustic energy dissipation model is derived from the oscillatory solutions of one-dimensional (1D) nondimensionalized mass and momentum equations to facilitate the interpretation of the results. Tests were performed on a 1500 m long, 50 mm internal diameter pipeline in which pressure disturbances were induced by suddenly opening leak valves. The results are consistent and in good agreement with the proposed attenuation model (±10% for 103 < Re < 104), therefore validating the proposed model and indirect measurement method.

Load Analysis of Transmitting Gear in Loading Cycles for Earthmoving Vehicle

2011 ◽  
Vol 308-310 ◽  
pp. 105-110
Author(s):  
Zhen Yu Wang ◽  
Xi Feng Zhang ◽  
Ji Xin Wang ◽  
Ming Yao Yao
Keyword(s):  
Measurement Method ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Indirect Measurement ◽  
Test System ◽  
Soil Conditions ◽  
Indirect Test ◽  
Wheel Loader ◽  
Loose Soil ◽  
Load Analysis ◽  
Heavy Loads

Fatigue failure of gears carrying heavy loads is the leading cause of gearbox breakdown in the large-scale earthmoving machinery. The fatigue life of gear is mainly determined by loads distribution. Taking the Wheel Loader as an example, this paper introduced an indirect test system of gear load under the loose soil conditions. Then the load data in time, amplitude and frequency field were respectively analyzed. The results show that the indirect measurement method proved workable, and the load data of gear is characterized by bi-modal. Therefore, to decrease statistical errors, mixture model must be adopted to fit these bi-modal signals.

scholarly journals Measurement method for incisions ablated by femtosecond laser in biological soft tissues

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xiaowei Shen ◽  
Zhao wanqin ◽  
Haodong Liu ◽  
Ning Wang ◽  
Xu Wang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Femtosecond Laser ◽  
Direct Measurement ◽  
Measurement Method ◽  
Soft Tissues ◽  
Optical Microscope ◽  
Indirect Measurement ◽  
Chicken Breast ◽  
High Measurement ◽  
Direct Measurement Method ◽  
Measurement Efficiency

Abstract BackgroundHematoxylin and Eosin staining in paraffin embedded tissue (H&E staining in paraffin embedded tissue) is a widely used method in the incision dimensions measurement. Since H&E staining in paraffin embedded tissue requires complicated process and spends a lot of time, a direct measurement method based on a microscope is proposed to measure the incision dimensions, which greatly improves the efficiency.AimIn this paper, a direct measurement method using optical microscope and an indirect measurement method based on H&E staining in paraffin embedded tissue are presented and compared, so as to obtain a better method of measurement efficiency and accuracy.ApproachThe femtosecond laser is used to process chicken breast tissue, the directly measurement method based on a microscope and indirectly measurement method based on H&E staining are used to measure dimensions. Moreover, the laser confocal microscopy measurement (LCM) is also used to measure the incision depth.ResultsIt was found that the direct measurement method has high measurement efficiency and accuracy for incision dimensions measurement.ConclusionsOverall, the incision dimensions obtained by femtosecond laser processing can be measured through the direct measurement method instead of H&E staining in paraffin embedded tissue.

scholarly journals College Adaptation Among Colombian Freshmen Students: Internal Structure of the Student Adaptation to College Questionnaire (SACQ)

2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (2) ◽  
pp. 251
Author(s):  
Marbel Lucia Gravini Donado ◽  
Mabel Mercado-Peñaloza ◽  
Sergio Domínguez-Lara
Keyword(s):  
Internal Structure ◽  
High Reliability ◽  
Self Report ◽  
Caribbean Region ◽  
Confirmatory Factor Analyses ◽  
Measurement Models ◽  
Reliability Indicators ◽  
Statistical Adjustment ◽  
Student Adaptation ◽  
Adaptation To College

The aim of this research is to assess the internal structure and reliability of the Student Adaptation to College Questionnaire (SACQ) in a sample comprising 739 students (64% of them women), attending second-half classes at a private university in the Caribbean Region of Colombia. The SACQ is a 67-item self-report that evaluates four aspects related to university adjustment namely, the academic, institutional, social, and personal-emotional areas. To fulfill its goals, different measurement models were assessed through various confirmatory factor analyses, and the results indicate that the Peruvian model (four dimensions, 27 items) has the best statistical adjustment, presenting evidence in support of its internal structure. Similarly, high reliability indicators were obtained, both with regard to the construct and scoring. In conclusion, the SACQ’s psychometric properties are satisfactory as regards its internal structure (tetra-factorial model) and reliability, enabling its use to evaluate adjustment to college life.

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