scholarly journals The Effect of Grain Size on the Hydrodynamics of Mudflow Surge from a Tailings Dam-Break

2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (12) ◽  
pp. 2474 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xiaofei Jing ◽  
Yulong Chen ◽  
Dan Xie ◽  
David J. Williams ◽  
Shangwei Wu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Grain Size ◽  
Dynamic Pressure ◽  
Dam Failure ◽  
Hydrodynamic Characteristics ◽  
Tailings Dam ◽  
Flume Experiments ◽  
Rapid Reduction ◽  
Reduction Stage ◽  
Solids Concentration ◽  
Potential Damage

Due to the differences in mineral processing techniques, the grain-size of tailings used in the construction of a tailings pond is not commensurate. It has been determined that the hydrodynamic characteristics of mudflow resulting from the failure of tailings dams are directly influenced by grain-size, solids concentration, and the surface roughness of gully and impoundment geometry. However, the behavior and influence of the grain size of mudflow resulting from a tailings dam failure have not been sufficiently examined. To investigate the effect of grain size on the hydrodynamic characteristics of mudflow surging from tailings dam failure, the law of mudflow evolution, the change of dynamics pressure, and the velocity distributions of mudflow have been obtained via a series of flume experiments utilizing three types of grain size tailings (d50 = 0.72 mm; d50 = 0.26 mm; d50 = 0.08 mm, respectively). This study proves conclusively that with an increase in grain size, the peak value of mudflow depth notably decreases in the same section. Furthermore, it has been noted that both the velocity and the dynamic pressure raise significantly, wherein the velocity displays two distinct primary stages; namely a rapid reduction stage and a slow reduction stage. This research provides a framework for the exploration of the effect of grain size on the hydrodynamics of slurry surging from a tailings dam failure, and all presented results provide an indispensable tool in terms of the accurate assessment of potential damage in the case of a prospective impoundment failure.

POLYGON WALL BOUNDARY MODEL IN PARTICLE-BASED METHOD: APPLICATION TO BRUMADINHO TAILINGS DAM FAILURE

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rubens Augusto Amaro Junior ◽  
Lucas Soares Pereira ◽  
Liang-Yee Cheng ◽  
Ahmad Shakibaeinia
Keyword(s):  
Dam Failure ◽  
Tailings Dam ◽  
Wall Boundary ◽  
Boundary Model ◽  
Polygon Wall Boundary Model

scholarly journals The tailings dam failure of 5 November 2015 in SE Brazil and its preceding seismic sequence

2016 ◽  
Vol 43 (10) ◽  
pp. 4929-4936 ◽  
Author(s):  
H. Agurto‐Detzel ◽  
M. Bianchi ◽  
M. Assumpção ◽  
M. Schimmel ◽  
B. Collaço ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Dam Failure ◽  
Tailings Dam ◽  
Seismic Sequence ◽  
Se Brazil

Controlled experiments and finite element simulations with the Swiss plate geophone bedload monitoring system: particle size identification and transport mode

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zheng Chen ◽  
Siming He ◽  
Tobias Nicollier ◽  
Lorenz Ammann ◽  
Alexandre Badoux ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Particle Size ◽  
Grain Size ◽  
Finite Element ◽  
Quantitative Agreement ◽  
Bedload Transport ◽  
Material Structure ◽  
Flume Experiments ◽  
Fem Simulations ◽  
Transport Mode ◽  
Signal Response

<p>The Swiss plate geophone (SPG) system is an indirect bedload transport monitoring device that records the acoustic signals generated by bedload particle impacts, with the goal to derive the bedload flux and grain size distribution. Particle drop experiments with quartz spheres in quiescent water in a flume setting were performed to investigate the dynamic signal response of the SPG system impacted by particle-like objects varying in size and impact location. Systematic flume experiments with natural bedload particles in flowing water were conducted to study the effects of impact angle and transport mode (saltating, rolling and sliding) on the SPG signals. For each impact caused by a single particle, the number of signal impulses, the amplitude, the positive area surrounded by the signal envelope, and the centroid frequency were extracted from the raw geophone monitoring data. The finite element method (FEM) was used to construct a virtual model of the SPG system and to determine the propagation characteristics of the numerical stress wave in the material structure. The experimental and numerical results showed a qualitative and partially quantitative agreement in the changes of the signal impulses, the amplitude, and the envelope area with increasing colliding sphere size. The centroid frequencies of the SPG vibrations showed qualitatively similar dependencies with increasing particle size as some field measurements for the coarser part of the investigated range of impact sizes. The effects of variable particle impact velocities and impact locations on the geophone plate were also investigated by drop experiments and compared to FEM simulations. In addition, the signal response for different bedload transport modes and varying impact angles were explored. In summary, the FEM simulations contribute to the understanding of the signal response of the SPG system and the findings in this study may eventually result in improving the bedload grain size classification and transport mode recognition.</p>

Effects of episodic sediment supply on experimental step-pool channel morphology, bedload transport and channel stability

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jiamei Wang ◽  
Marwan A. Hassan ◽  
Matteo Saletti ◽  
Xingyu Chen ◽  
Xudong Fu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Grain Size ◽  
Morphological Changes ◽  
Mass Movement ◽  
Channel Morphology ◽  
Bedload Transport ◽  
Sediment Supply ◽  
Primary Control ◽  
Channel Stability ◽  
Flume Experiments ◽  
Small Magnitude

<p>Steep step-pool streams are often coupled to adjacent hillslope, directly receiving episodic sediment supply from mass movement processes such as landslides and debris flows. The response of step-pool channels to the variations in sediment supply remains largely unexplored. We conducted flume experiments with a poorly sorted grain-size distribution in an 8%-steep, 5-m long flume with variable width at the University of British Columbia, to study the effects of episodic sediment supply on channel evolution. After a conditioning phase with no feed, the channel was subjected to sediment pulses of different magnitude and frequency under constant flow discharge. High-resolution data of hydraulics, bedload transport, bed surface grain size, and channel morphology were collected every 10-20 minutes and an additional time at the end of each pulse.</p><p>In response to sediment pulses, we recorded an increase in bedload transport rates, channel aggradation, bed surface fining, and continuous step formation and collapse. In between pulses, bedload rates dropped by several orders of magnitude, net erosion occurred, the bed surface gradually coarsened, and steps became more stable. The small-magnitude high-frequency pulses caused smaller but more frequent spikes in bedload transport, bed surface evolution, and thus step stability. Instead, the large-magnitude low-frequency pulses cause larger changes but provided a longer time for the channel to recover. This suggests that in step-pool channels pulse magnitude is a key control on channel rearrangement, while pulse frequency controls how fast and strong the recovery is.</p><p>The frequency and stability of steps varied as a function of local channel width, showing that channel geometry is a primary control on step formation and stability even under episodic sediment supply conditions. Instead, the effect of sediment pulses is less important because the total number and average survival time of steps were similar among runs with different pulses. The critical Shields stress decreased following sediment pulses, then increased immediately after, and fluctuated until the next pulse. The variations in sediment supply caused cycles in bedload transport rate, surface and bedload texture, thus controlling the variability in the threshold for motion.</p><p>Our results indicate that episodic sediment supply is a primary control on the evolution of step-pool channels, with sediment feed magnitude affecting mostly morphological changes, and sediment feed frequency controlling channel stability.</p>

Some lessons from a recent tailings dam failure

2009 ◽  
pp. 343-352
Author(s):  
J.-C. Ballard ◽  
Berghe J.-F. Vanden ◽  
R. A. Jewell ◽  
M. Pirson
Keyword(s):  
Dam Failure ◽  
Tailings Dam

Static liquefaction as a possible explanation for the Merriespruit tailings dam failure: Reply

2002 ◽  
Vol 39 (6) ◽  
pp. 1441-1442
Author(s):  
A B Fourie ◽  
G E Blight ◽  
G Papageorgiou
Keyword(s):  
Dam Failure ◽  
Tailings Dam ◽  
Static Liquefaction

River system recovery following the Novaţ-Roşu tailings dam failure, Maramureş County, Romania

2008 ◽  
Vol 23 (12) ◽  
pp. 3498-3518 ◽  
Author(s):  
Graham Bird ◽  
Paul A. Brewer ◽  
Mark G. Macklin ◽  
Dan Balteanu ◽  
Mihaela Serban ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
River System ◽  
Dam Failure ◽  
Tailings Dam

scholarly journals Integration of DSM and SPH to Model Tailings Dam Failure Run-Out Slurry Routing Across 3D Real Terrain

Water ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 10 (8) ◽  
pp. 1087 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kun Wang ◽  
Peng Yang ◽  
Karen Hudson-Edwards ◽  
Wensheng Lyu ◽  
Chao Yang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Numerical Modelling ◽  
Physical Modelling ◽  
Dam Failure ◽  
Surface Model ◽  
Tailings Dam ◽  
Disaster Prevention ◽  
Sph Method ◽  
Tailings Pond ◽  
Dam Failures ◽  
Modelling Experiment

Tailings dam failure accidents occur frequently, causing substantial damage and loss of human and animal life. The prediction of run-out tailings slurry routing following dam failures is of great significance for disaster prevention and mitigation. Using satellite remote sensing digital surface model (DSM) data, tailings pond parameters and the advanced meshless smoothed particle hydrodynamics (SPH) method, a 3D real-scale numerical modelling method was adopted to study the run-out tailings slurry routing across real downstream terrains that have and have not been affected by dam failures. Three case studies, including a physical modelling experiment, the 2015 Brazil Fundão tailings dam failure accident and an operating high-risk tailings pond in China, were carried out. The physical modelling experiment and the known consequences were successfully modeled and validated using the SPH method. This and the other experiments showed that the run-out tailings slurry would be tremendously destructive in the early stages of dam failure, and emergency response time would be extremely short if the dam collapses at its full designed capacity. The results could provide evidence for disaster prevention and mitigation engineering, emergency management plan optimization, and the development of more responsible site plans and sustainable site designs. However, improvements such as rheological model selection, terrain data quality, computing efficiency and land surface roughness need to be made for future studies. SPH numerical modelling is a powerful and advanced technique that is recommended for hazard assessment and the sustainable design of tailings dam facilities globally.

Study of Fuzzy Random Reliability Model of Tailings Dam under Earthquake Action

2010 ◽  
Vol 44-47 ◽  
pp. 3393-3397
Author(s):  
Fei Yue Wang ◽  
Long Jun Dong ◽  
Zhi Sheng Xu
Keyword(s):  
Zero Point ◽  
Reliability Theory ◽  
Dam Failure ◽  
Tailings Dam ◽  
Tailing Dam ◽  
Calculation Results ◽  
Earthquake Action ◽  
The Stability ◽  
Fuzzy Random

Two kinds of the deficiencies exist in the traditional dam reliability and the safety coefficient calculation methods. First, it is impossible to give accurate mean to design variable in case study, because to large extent, means are greatly influenced by many objective factors or man-made effects, which degree of effects has greater degree of ambiguity. Second, the traditional reliability theory takes zero point as measure of dam’s failure or not, and on both sides of zero point the structure of state mutants from security to failure. But in fact, it’s very hard to give a definite limitation to the dam state from security to failure, because a fuzzy scope exists between stability and failure. On the basis of solving the above two issues, this paper for the first time applies fuzzy reliability theory to the stability research of tailings dam under earthquake action , considering fuzziness of both the event of tailings dam failure and the main variables and parameter. Integrating fuzziness and randomness, this paper explores fuzzy random reliability analysis methods of tailings dam engineering. The results of case study show that the calculation results agree well with the actual situation, this analysis method is more scientific and reasonable than traditional dam safety factor calculation method, and better reflects the real situation. It also provides a new way to calculate stability of tailing dam considering earthquake action.

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