scholarly journals Effect of Pyrolysis Temperature on Biochar Microstructural Evolution, Physicochemical Characteristics, and Its Influence on Biochar/Polypropylene Composites

2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (6) ◽  
pp. 1149 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ahmed Y. Elnour ◽  
Abdulaziz A. Alghyamah ◽  
Hamid M. Shaikh ◽  
Anesh M. Poulose ◽  
Saeed M. Al-Zahrani ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Microstructural Evolution ◽  
Pyrolysis Temperature ◽  
Physicochemical Characteristics ◽  
Thermomechanical Properties ◽  
Injection Molding Process ◽  
Chemical Compositions ◽  
Molding Process ◽  
Melt Mixing ◽  
Factors Affecting ◽  
Polypropylene Composites

Environmental management through effective utilization of biowastes has been a topic of intensive research in recent years. This study examines the effect of pyrolysis temperature on the physical and morphological characteristic of biochar (BC) derived from lignocellulosic wastes. The biochar was prepared by pyrolysing date palm biomass at various temperatures, i.e., 300, 400, 500, 600, and 700 °C. These pyrolysed biochars were then characterized for their carbon content, mineral compositions, chemical functionalities, and morphological structures, for understanding their physicochemical characteristics and microstructural evolution. It was revealed that the pyrolytic condition plays a key role in the formation of biochar microstructure. These biochar samples were then utilized without any further treatments/purifications for their practical application as reinforcement materials for polymer composites. They were blended with a polypropylene matrix by a melt mixing technique followed by injection molding process. The type of biochar was found to significantly affect the composites properties. Differences in microstructure, surface chemistry, and chemical compositions of BCs were observed to be determining factors affecting the compatibility and thermomechanical properties of resulted composites.

Effect of Micro-Injection Molding Process Parameters for Warpage in Micro Plate Devices

2014 ◽  
Vol 898 ◽  
pp. 265-268
Author(s):  
Duo Yang
Keyword(s):  
Injection Molding ◽  
Processing Parameters ◽  
Injection Molding Process ◽  
Processing Parameter ◽  
Range Analysis ◽  
Molding Process ◽  
Factors Affecting ◽  
Plastic Materials ◽  
Best Parameter ◽  
Packing Time

The injection molding process of micro plate devices requires several concerns in order to produce a quality output. In part of determining the best parameter settings, among other considerations that need to be taken are the types of plastic materials selected and the mold design. Molding parameters such as packing time, cooling temperature, molding and melting temperatures, packing and injection pressures are the most important factors affecting warpage of the micro plate part. These factors and their interactions were investigated in this research. The effects of processing parameter on the warpage of flat micro devices were analyzed according to the Taguchi method. In this paper, based on the range analysis, the parameter effective sequence was got, as well as the best processing parameters. The molding packing time has the strongest effects on the warpage, and the molding temperature is the secondary parameter. The cooling time has the lowest effects.

Mechanical properties of vapor-grown carbon fiber composites with thermoplastic matrices

1999 ◽  
Vol 14 (7) ◽  
pp. 2871-2880 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gary G. Tibbetts ◽  
John J. McHugh
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Tensile Strength ◽  
Carbon Fiber ◽  
Surface Preparation ◽  
Fiber Surface ◽  
Three Dimensions ◽  
Injection Molding Process ◽  
Carbon Fiber Composites ◽  
Molding Process ◽  
Polypropylene Composites

This article discusses the mechanical properties of vapor-grown carbon fiber (VGCF)/nylon and VGCF/polypropylene composites. Fibers in the as-produced condition yielded composites with marginally improved mechanical properties. Microscopic examination of these composites clearly showed regions of uninfiltrated fibers, which could account for the unsatisfactory mechanical properties. The infiltration of the fibers by both polymers was improved by carefully ball milling the raw fiber so as to reduce the diameter of the fiber clumps to less than 300 μm. Properties of composites made with ball-milled material were improved in every respect. VGCF reinforcement in nylon slightly improved the tensile strength and doubled the modulus, while VGCF in polypropylene doubled the tensile strength and quadrupled the modulus compared to unreinforced material. Moreover, the composites were sufficiently improved that differences in fiber surface preparation became important. For example, air-etched fibers and fibers covered with low concentrations of aromatics produced polypropylene composites with significantly better mechanical properties than did fibers whose surfaces were heavily coated with aromatics. Both the tensile strength and the modulus of the composites fabricated with clean fibers exceeded theoretical values for composites made with fibers randomly oriented in three dimensions, indicating that the injection-molding process oriented the fibers to some extent.

scholarly journals Experimental and Numerical Investigation of Flow and Alignment Behavior of Waste Tire-Derived Graphene Nanoplatelets in PA66 Matrix during Melt-Mixing and Injection

Polymers ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (6) ◽  
pp. 949
Author(s):  
Kuray Dericiler ◽  
Hadi Mohammadjafari Sadeghi ◽  
Yavuz Emre Yagci ◽  
Hatice S. Sas ◽  
Burcu Saner Okan
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Performance ◽  
Flow Direction ◽  
Graphene Nanoplatelets ◽  
Injection Molding Process ◽  
Molding Process ◽  
Melt Mixing ◽  
Shear Rates ◽  
Waste Tire ◽  
High Shear Rates ◽  
Reinforcing Agent

Homogeneous dispersion of graphene into thermoplastic polymer matrices during melt-mixing is still challenging due to its agglomeration and weak interfacial interactions with the selected polymer matrix. In this study, an ideal dispersion of graphene within the PA66 matrix was achieved under high shear rates by thermokinetic mixing. The flow direction of graphene was monitored by the developed numerical methodology with a combination of its rheological behaviors. Graphene nanoplatelets (GNP) produced from waste-tire by upcycling and recycling techniques having high oxygen surface functional groups were used to increase the compatibility with PA66 chains. This study revealed that GNP addition increased the crystallization temperature of nanocomposites since it acted as both a nucleating and reinforcing agent. Tensile strength and modulus of PA66 nanocomposites were improved at 30% and 42%, respectively, by the addition of 0.3 wt% GNP. Flexural strength and modulus were reached at 20% and 43%, respectively. In addition, the flow model, which simulates the injection molding process of PA66 resin with different GNP loadings considering the rheological behavior and alignment characteristics of GNP, served as a tool to describe the mechanical performance of these developed GNP based nanocomposites.

Comparative analysis of the properties: Microcrystalline cellulose fiber polyamide composites filled with ethylene copolymer and olefin elastomer

2019 ◽  
Vol 28 (4) ◽  
pp. 242-251
Author(s):  
MDH Beg ◽  
Muhammad Remanul Islam ◽  
AA Mamun ◽  
H-P Heim ◽  
M Feldmann
Keyword(s):  
Microcrystalline Cellulose ◽  
Cellulose Fiber ◽  
Thermomechanical Properties ◽  
Impact Testing ◽  
Injection Molding Process ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
Molding Process ◽  
Scanning Calorimetry ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Ethylene Copolymer

Polyamide 6.10 (PA) composites, reinforced with microcrystalline cellulose fibers, were prepared separately using two types of coupling agents, Exxelor VA1803 (VA) and Bondyram 7103 (BR), using extrusion followed by an injection molding process. The fiber loading was fixed to 30 wt%, whereas the coupling agent was fixed to 5 wt%. The properties of the composites were characterized by the tensile properties, impact testing, differential scanning calorimetry, dynamic thermomechanical, thermogravimetric, and X-ray diffraction analyses. The distribution of the fibers into the PA was examined by a scanning electron microscope. It was found that the VA improved the mechanical and thermomechanical properties slightly compared to BR-based samples. Overall, the structural, morphological, and thermal properties of the composites were also improved comparatively using VA.

Filling Behavior of Polymer Material into Sub-^|^mu;m Structure in Injection Molding Process

2013 ◽  
Vol 133 (4) ◽  
pp. 105-111
Author(s):  
Chisato Yoshimura ◽  
Hiroyuki Hosokawa ◽  
Koji Shimojima ◽  
Fumihiro Itoigawa
Keyword(s):  
Injection Molding ◽  
Polymer Material ◽  
Injection Molding Process ◽  
Molding Process

Pengembangan Mesin Pencacah Sampah/Limbah Plastik Dengan Sistem Crusher dan Silinder Pemotong Tipe Reel

2015 ◽  
Vol 10 (2) ◽  
pp. 66
Author(s):  
Junaidi - ◽  
Ichlas Nur ◽  
Nofriadi - ◽  
Rusmardi -
Keyword(s):  
Testing Machine ◽  
Engine Performance ◽  
Performance Testing ◽  
Injection Molding Process ◽  
Molding Process ◽  
Recycling Industry ◽  
Performance Improvements ◽  
Plastic Recycling ◽  
Technical Evaluation ◽  
Lower Frame

Waste plastic mounting, but can be recycled into other products in the form of granules before further processed into pellets and seed injection molding process produces products such as buckets, plates, bottles and other beverages. To be processed into the required form of granules of plastic thrasher. Though so small plastic recycling industry is still constrained in plastic enumeration process because the machine used was not optimal ability. The purpose of this research is the development of the system thrasher plastic crusher and cutter cylinder-type reel and technical evaluation. This study was conducted over two years, the first year the design and manufacture of machinery, the second year is a technical evaluation of the engine, engine performance improvements and economic analysis of granular plastic products.From the results obtained engine design capacity of the machine ± 350 kg / h, the engine size is 50 cm x 120 cm x 30 cm, power motor of 10 HP at 1450 RPM rotation with 3 phase. Some of the major components of the engine that is, counter crusher unit consists of two counter rotating cylinders opposite, counter shaft size Ø 4 cm x 58 cm, blade chopper Ø 17 cm x 2 cm with the number of teeth / blades 7 pieces and the number of blades along shaft 7 pieces, buses retaining Ø 10 cm x 2 cm. Counter-cylinder unit consists of a reel-type cutter counter shaft size Ø 4 cm x 90 cm, the middle shaft mounted cylinder with Ø 17 cm x 40 cm as the holder of the chopper blades. Chopper blade consists of 4 pieces with a size of 40 cm x 2 cm x 4 cm with ASSAB materials. Furthermore, as the blade retaining bedknife shear force of the blade chopper, upper frame, lower frame, strainer, funnel entry, exit funnel, and the drive unit consists of an electric motor, reducer, belts, pulleys and 2 pieces of gear transmission. The results of performance testing machine crusher round cylinder 75 RPM and 1450 RPM reel-type cutting machine capacity ± 300 kg / h on the filter hole Ø 1.5 cm, with a 80% grain uniformity.

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