Investigation of Hyperbolic Metamaterials

Composites designed by employing metal/dielectric composites coupled to the components of the incident electromagnetic (EM) fields are named metamaterials (MMs), and they display features not observed in nature. This type of artificial media has attracted great interest, resulting in groundbreaking theory that bridges the gap between EM and photonic phenomena. Practical applications of MMs have been delayed due to the high losses related to the use of metallic composites, on top of the challenges in manufacturing nanoscale, three-dimensional structures. Novel materials—for instance, graphene or transparent-conducting oxides (TCOs), employed for the production of multilayered MMs—can significantly suppress undesirable losses. It is worthwhile noting that three-layered nanocomposites enable an increase in the frequency range of the surface wave. This work analyzes recent progress in the physics of multilayered MMs. We deliver an outline of key notions, such as effective medium approximation, and present multilayered MMs based on the three-layered structure. An overview of graphene multilayered MMs reveals their ability to support Ferrell–Berreman (FB) modes. We also describe the tunable properties of the multilayered MMs.