scholarly journals Hybrid Battery/Lithium-Ion Capacitor Energy Storage System for a Pure Electric Bus for an Urban Transportation Application

2018 ◽  
Vol 8 (7) ◽  
pp. 1176 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mahdi Soltani ◽  
Jan Ronsmans ◽  
Shouji Kakihara ◽  
Joris Jaguemont ◽  
Peter Van den Bossche ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Energy Storage ◽  
High Power ◽  
Storage System ◽  
Lithium Ion ◽  
Energy Storage System ◽  
High Energy ◽  
Battery Lifetime ◽  
Hybrid Energy ◽  
Hybrid Energy Storage ◽  
Lithium Ion Capacitor

Public transportation based on electric vehicles has attracted significant attention in recent years due to the lower overall emissions it generates. However, there are some barriers to further development and commercialization. Fewer charging facilities in comparison to gas stations, limited battery lifetime, and extra costs associated with its replacement present some barriers to achieve better acceptance. A practical solution to improve the battery lifetime and driving range is to eliminate the large-magnitude pulse current flow from and to the battery during acceleration and deceleration. Hybrid energy storage systems which combine high-power (HP) and high-energy (HE) storage units can be used for this purpose. Lithium-ion capacitors (LiC) can be used as a HP storage unit, which is similar to a supercapacitor cell but with a higher rate capability, a higher energy density, and better cyclability. In this design, the LiC can provide the excess power required while the battery fails to do so. Moreover, hybridization enables a downsizing of the overall energy storage system and decreases the total cost as a consequence of lifetime, performance, and efficiency improvement. The aim of this paper is to investigate the effectiveness of the hybrid energy storage system in protecting the battery from damage due to the high-power rates during charging and discharging. The procedure followed and presented in this paper demonstrates the good performance of the evaluated hybrid storage system to reduce the negative consequences of the power peaks associated with urban driving cycles and its ability to improve the lifespan by 16%.

scholarly journals Prolongation of Battery Lifetime for Electric Buses through Flywheel Integration

Energies ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (4) ◽  
pp. 899
Author(s):  
Philipp Glücker ◽  
Klaus Kivekäs ◽  
Jari Vepsäläinen ◽  
Panagiotis Mouratidis ◽  
Maximilian Schneider ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Energy Storage ◽  
Public Transportation ◽  
Storage System ◽  
Energy Storage System ◽  
High Energy ◽  
Battery Life ◽  
Battery Lifetime ◽  
Hybrid Energy ◽  
Hybrid Energy Storage ◽  
Hybrid Energy Storage System

Electrification of transportation is an effective way to tackle climate change. Public transportation, such as electric buses, operate on predetermined routes and offer quiet operation, zero local emissions and high energy efficiency. However, the batteries of these buses are expensive and wear out in use. The battery ageing is expedited by fast charging and power spikes during operation. The contribution of this paper is the reduction of the power spikes and thus a prolonged battery lifetime. A novel hybrid energy storage system for electric buses is proposed by introducing a flywheel in addition to the existing battery. A simulation model of the hybrid energy storage system is presented, including a battery ageing model to measure the battery lifetime. The bus was simulated during its daily driving operation on different routes with different energy management strategies and flywheel configurations. These different flywheels as well as the driving cycle had a significant impact on the battery life increase. The proposed hybrid battery/flywheel storage system resulted in a battery lifetime increase of 20% on average.

scholarly journals Sizing of Lithium-Ion Battery/Supercapacitor Hybrid Energy Storage System for Forklift Vehicle

Energies ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 13 (17) ◽  
pp. 4518
Author(s):  
Théophile Paul ◽  
Tedjani Mesbahi ◽  
Sylvain Durand ◽  
Damien Flieller ◽  
Wilfried Uhring
Keyword(s):  
Energy Storage ◽  
Lithium Ion Battery ◽  
Storage System ◽  
Lithium Ion ◽  
Energy Storage System ◽  
High Energy ◽  
High Energy Density ◽  
Hybrid Energy ◽  
Hybrid Energy Storage ◽  
Hybrid Energy Storage System

Nowadays, electric vehicles are one of the main topics in the new industrial revolution, called Industry 4.0. The transport and logistic solutions based on E-mobility, such as handling machines, are increasing in factories. Thus, electric forklifts are mostly used because no greenhouse gas is emitted when operating. However, they are usually equipped with lead-acid batteries which present bad performances and long charging time. Therefore, combining high-energy density lithium-ion batteries and high-power density supercapacitors as a hybrid energy storage system results in almost optimal performances and improves battery lifespan. The suggested solution is well suited for forklifts which continuously start, stop, lift up and lower down heavy loads. This paper presents the sizing of a lithium-ion battery/supercapacitor hybrid energy storage system for a forklift vehicle, using the normalized Verein Deutscher Ingenieure (VDI) drive cycle. To evaluate the performance of the lithium-ion battery/supercapacitor hybrid energy storage system, different sizing simulations are carried out. The suggested solution allows us to successfully optimize the system in terms of efficiency, volume and mass, in regard to the battery, supercapacitors technology and the energy management strategy chosen.

scholarly journals An Experiment-Based Methodology for Evaluating the Impacts of Full Bandwidth Load on the Hybrid Energy Storage System for Electrified Vehicles

Sci ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 3 ◽  
Author(s):  
◽  
◽  
◽  
◽  
◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Energy Storage ◽  
Storage System ◽  
Energy Storage System ◽  
High Energy ◽  
High Energy Density ◽  
Frequency Range ◽  
Hybrid Energy ◽  
Hybrid Energy Storage ◽  
Hybrid Energy Storage System ◽  
Electrified Vehicles

In Electrified Vehicles, the cost, efficiency, and durability of electrified vehicles are dependent on the energy storage system (ESS) components, configuration and its performance. This paper, pursuing a minimal size tactic, describes a methodology for quantitatively and qualitatively investigating the impacts of a full bandwidth load on the ESS in the HEV. However, the methodology can be extended to other electrified vehicles. The full bandwidth load, up to the operating frequency of the electric motor drive (20 kHz), is empirically measured which includes a frequency range beyond the usually covered frequency range by published standard drive cycles (up to 0.5 Hz). The higher frequency band is shown to be more efficiently covered by a Hybrid Energy Storage System (HESS) which in this paper is defined as combination of a high energy density battery, an Ultra-Capacitor (UC), an electrolytic capacitor, and a film capacitor. In this paper, the harmonic and dc currents and voltages are measured through two precision methods and then the results are used to discuss about overall HEV efficiency and durability. More importantly, the impact of the addition of high-band energy storage devices in reduction of power loss during transient events is disclosed through precision measurement based methodology.

scholarly journals Design and real-time test of a hybrid energy storage system in the microgrid with the benefit of improving the battery lifetime

2018 ◽  
Vol 218 ◽  
pp. 470-478 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jianwei Li ◽  
Rui Xiong ◽  
Hao Mu ◽  
Bertrand Cornélusse ◽  
Philippe Vanderbemden ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Energy Storage ◽  
Real Time ◽  
Storage System ◽  
Energy Storage System ◽  
Battery Lifetime ◽  
Hybrid Energy ◽  
Hybrid Energy Storage ◽  
Hybrid Energy Storage System ◽  
Time Test

scholarly journals An Experiment-Based Methodology for Evaluating the Impacts of Full Bandwidth Load on the Hybrid Energy Storage System for Electrified Vehicles

Sci ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 26 ◽  
Author(s):  
Masood Shahverdi ◽  
Michael Mazzola ◽  
Matthew Doude ◽  
Quintin Grice ◽  
Jim Gafford ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Energy Storage ◽  
Storage System ◽  
Energy Storage System ◽  
High Energy ◽  
High Energy Density ◽  
Frequency Range ◽  
Hybrid Energy ◽  
Hybrid Energy Storage ◽  
Hybrid Energy Storage System ◽  
Electrified Vehicles

In Electrified Vehicles, the cost, efficiency, and durability of electrified vehicles are dependent on the energy storage system (ESS) components, configuration and its performance. This paper, pursuing a minimal size tactic, describes a methodology for quantitatively and qualitatively investigating the impacts of a full bandwidth load on the ESS in the HEV. However, the methodology can be extended to other electrified vehicles. The full bandwidth load, up to the operating frequency of the electric motor drive (20 kHz), is empirically measured which includes a frequency range beyond the usually covered frequency range by published standard drive cycles (up to 0.5 Hz). The higher frequency band is shown to be more efficiently covered by a Hybrid Energy Storage System (HESS) which in this paper is defined as combination of a high energy density battery, an Ultra-Capacitor (UC), an electrolytic capacitor, and a film capacitor. In this paper, the harmonic and dc currents and voltages are measured through two precision methods and then the results are used to discuss about overall HEV efficiency and durability. More importantly, the impact of the addition of high-band energy storage devices in reduction of power loss during transient events is disclosed through precision measurement based methodology.

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