scholarly journals Unstimulated Parotid Saliva Is a Better Method for Blood Glucose Prediction

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (23) ◽  
pp. 11367
Author(s):  
Yangyang Cui ◽  
Hankun Zhang ◽  
Jia Zhu ◽  
Lu Peng ◽  
Zhili Duan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Blood Glucose ◽  
Glucose Concentration ◽  
Ph Value ◽  
Reaction System ◽  
Parotid Saliva ◽  
Collection Method ◽  
Unstimulated Saliva ◽  
Saliva Collection ◽  
Highly Correlated ◽  
Healthy Participants

Objective: Saliva glucose has been widely used in diagnosing and monitoring diabetes, but the saliva collection method will affect saliva glucose concentration. So, this study aims to identify the ideal saliva collection method. Method: A total amount of six saliva collection methods were employed in 80 healthy participants in the morning. Besides, three unstimulated saliva methods were employed in another 30 healthy participants in the morning; in the meantime the blood glucose of these 30 participants was detected with a Roche blood glucose meter. The glucose oxidase method with 2, 4, 6-tribromo-3-hydroxybenzoic acid (TBHBA) as the chromogen has been improved to be suitable for healthy people, through the selection of the optimal pH value and ionic strength of the reaction system. This method was used for the detection of saliva glucose. Results: The improved method obtained absorbance at the wavelength of 520 nm, and the optimized parameter combination was pH 6.5 and 5 mg/dL NaCl. The lower limit of glucose detection was 0.1 mg/dL. Unstimulated saliva glucose concentration was higher than stimulated saliva glucose concentration. Unstimulated parotid saliva glucose concentration was the highest. Besides, unstimulated saliva glucose has a better normal distribution effect. Meantime, it was found that unstimulated parotid saliva was the most highly correlated with blood glucose (R2 = 0.707). Conclusions: the saliva collection method was an important factor that affected saliva glucose concentration. Unstimulated parotid saliva was the most highly correlated with blood glucose, which provided a reference for prediction of diabetes mellitus.

scholarly journals Comparing Glucose Concentration Among Six Saliva Collection Methods In The Newly Developed Saliva Glucose Detection System

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Cui Yangyang ◽  
Zhang Hangkun ◽  
Zhu Jia ◽  
Peng Lu ◽  
Duan Zhili ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Blood Glucose ◽  
Glucose Concentration ◽  
Blood Glucose Concentration ◽  
Detection System ◽  
Healthy People ◽  
Blood Glucose Monitoring ◽  
Glucose Detection ◽  
Parotid Saliva ◽  
Whole Saliva ◽  
Saliva Collection

Abstract Objective: This study aims to identify the ideal saliva collection technique and propose a newly sensitive approach to achieve daily non-invasive blood glucose monitoring for healthy people. Method: A total amount of six methods were employed for collecting saliva glucose in 20 healthy participants in the morning (9:00), before lunch (11:00), after lunch (14:00) and in the evening (17:00). Ultra-micro ultraviolet spectrophotometer was used to launch a new saliva glucose detection system in measuring the saliva glucose concentration.Results: The newly developed glucose detection system showed a statistically significant linear relationship in the range of 0.1-6 mg/dl with R2 = 0.999. Besides, the parotid saliva glucose concentration was higher than both the sublingual/submandibular saliva and the whole saliva. The parotid glucose concentration fluctuating after meal, and the sublingual/submandibular glucose concentration steady. Conclusions: The detection limit was 1/110 of the average blood glucose concentration of healthy people when fasting, which fully met the sensitivity requirements for detecting the saliva glucose concentration of healthy people. Besides, the collection method was an important factor that affected the saliva glucose concentration. The unstimulated parotid saliva glucose may be easier to reflect blood glucose concentration, which provided a reference for the evaluation of the health status of subjects and the early prediction of diabetes mellitus.

scholarly journals Glucose Concentrations in Parotid Fluid and Venous Blood of Patients Attending a Diabetic Clinic1

1981 ◽  
Vol 74 (10) ◽  
pp. 725-728 ◽  
Author(s):  
L N Forbat ◽  
R E Collins ◽  
G K Maskell ◽  
P H Sönksen
Keyword(s):  
Blood Glucose ◽  
Linear Regression ◽  
Metabolic Control ◽  
Glucose Concentration ◽  
Venous Blood ◽  
Parotid Saliva ◽  
Simple Correlation ◽  
Noninvasive Technique ◽  
Glucose Levels ◽  
Blood Glucose Levels

Measurements of the glucose concentration in venous blood and parotid saliva taken from 31 diabetics attending a diabetic clinic showed values ranging respectively from 3.9 to 19.1 mmol/l and 0.06 to 0.83 mmol/l (means 9.6 mmol/l and 0.32 mmol/l respectively). Linear regression of salivary glucose on blood glucose gave a simple correlation coefficient of 0.18 (NS). Since salivary glucose levels did not reflect blood glucose levels, the possibility of diabetics regulating their metabolic control by the noninvasive technique of monitoring salivary glucose concentrations is not possible.

PKC-mediated toxicity of elevated glucose concentration on cardiomyocyte function

2014 ◽  
Vol 307 (4) ◽  
pp. H587-H597 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mark W. Sims ◽  
James Winter ◽  
Sean Brennan ◽  
Robert I. Norman ◽  
G. André Ng ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Blood Glucose ◽  
Glucose Concentration ◽  
Contractile Function ◽  
Blood Glucose Concentration ◽  
Specific Inhibitor ◽  
Wistar Rat ◽  
Patch Clamp Recording ◽  
Electrical Stability ◽  
Extracellular Glucose Concentration ◽  
Extracellular Glucose

While it is well established that mortality risk after myocardial infarction (MI) increases in proportion to blood glucose concentration at the time of admission, it is unclear whether there is a direct, causal relationship. We investigated potential mechanisms by which increased blood glucose may exert cardiotoxicity. Using a Wistar rat or guinea-pig isolated cardiomyocyte model, we investigated the effects on cardiomyocyte function and electrical stability of alterations in extracellular glucose concentration. Contractile function studies using electric field stimulation (EFS), patch-clamp recording, and Ca2+ imaging were used to determine the effects of increased extracellular glucose concentration on cardiomyocyte function. Increasing glucose from 5 to 20 mM caused prolongation of the action potential and increased both basal Ca2+ and variability of the Ca2+ transient amplitude. Elevated extracellular glucose concentration also attenuated the protection afforded by ischemic preconditioning (IPC), as assessed using a simulated ischemia and reperfusion model. Inhibition of PKCα and β, using Gö6976 or specific inhibitor peptides, attenuated the detrimental effects of glucose and restored the cardioprotected phenotype to IPC cells. Increased glucose concentration did not attenuate the cardioprotective role of PKCε, but rather activation of PKCα and β masked its beneficial effect. Elevated extracellular glucose concentration exerts acute cardiotoxicity mediated via PKCα and β. Inhibition of these PKC isoenzymes abolishes the cardiotoxic effects and restores IPC-mediated cardioprotection. These data support a direct link between hyperglycemia and adverse outcome after MI. Cardiac-specific PKCα and β inhibition may be of clinical benefit in this setting.

The strong relation between post-hemodialysis blood methylglyoxal levels and post-hemodialysis blood glucose concentration rise

2014 ◽  
Vol 19 (3) ◽  
pp. 527-533 ◽  
Author(s):  
Miho Senda ◽  
Susumu Ogawa ◽  
Kazuhiro Nako ◽  
Masashi Okamura ◽  
Takuya Sakamoto ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Blood Glucose ◽  
Glucose Concentration ◽  
Blood Glucose Concentration ◽  
Strong Relation

Accuracy and precision assessment of a new blood glucose monitoring system

2016 ◽  
Vol 54 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Li-Nong Ji ◽  
Li-Xin Guo ◽  
Li-Bin Liu
Keyword(s):  
Blood Glucose ◽  
Glucose Concentration ◽  
Blood Glucose Concentration ◽  
Venous Blood ◽  
Glucose Monitoring ◽  
Blood Glucose Monitoring ◽  
Blood Samples ◽  
Glucose Testing ◽  
Blood Tests ◽  
Accuracy And Precision

AbstractBlood glucose self-monitoring by individuals with diabetes is essential in controlling blood glucose levels. The International Organization for Standardization (ISO) introduced new standards for blood glucose monitoring systems (BGMS) in 2013 (ISO 15197: 2013). The CONTOUR PLUSThis study evaluated the accuracy and precision of CONTOUR PLUS BGMS in quantitative glucose testing of capillary and venous whole blood samples obtained from 363 patients at three different hospitals.Results of fingertip and venous blood glucose measurements by the CONTOUR PLUS system were compared with laboratory reference values to determine accuracy. Accuracy was 98.1% (96.06%–99.22%) for fingertip blood tests and 98.1% (96.02%–99.21%) for venous blood tests. Precision was evaluated across a wide range of blood glucose values (5.1–17.2 mmol/L), testing three blood samples repeatedly 15 times with the CONTOUR PLUS blood glucose meter using test strips from three lots. All within-lot results met ISO criteria (i.e., SD<0.42 mmol/L for blood glucose concentration <5.55 mmol/L; CV<7.5% for blood glucose concentration ≥5.55 mmol/L). Between-lot variations were 1.5% for low blood glucose concentration, 2.4% for normal and 3.4% for high.Accuracy of both fingertip and venous blood glucose measurements by the CONTOUR PLUS system was >95%, confirming that the system meets ISO 15197: 2013 requirements.

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