scholarly journals IoT Blockchain Data Veracity with Data Loss Tolerance

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (21) ◽  
pp. 9978
Author(s):  
Kwai Cheong Moke ◽  
Tan Jung Low ◽  
Dodo Khan
Keyword(s):  
Data Collection ◽  
Business Models ◽  
Data Driven ◽  
Data Loss ◽  
Model Framework ◽  
New Era ◽  
Monitoring Model ◽  
Blockchain Technology ◽  
Peer Network ◽  
Loss Tolerance

Recent years have witnessed the advancement of the Internet of Things (IoT) and its emergence as a technology that could revolutionize many businesses. It helps considerably in creating data-driven business models with the insights it provides. IoT systems are deployed in data collection, monitor processes, provide insights and allow businesses to make data-driven productivity improvements. However, IoT systems are often experiencing data loss due to inevitable failures ranging from devices, networks, to the application layer, especially in scarce infrastructure resources environments. Data loss might be unrecoverable in many circumstances. As such, this research presents a blockchain based IoT model (framework) with the aim of circumventing data loss. We envisioned IoT blockchain technology in enhancing data veracity with data loss tolerance. That is, to have blockchain enhancing the IoT data veracity by leveraging on the features existed in its peer-to-peer network (P2P) and distributed ledger storage technology (DLT). Additionally, the edge computing of IoT blockchain technology is also conceptually workable; with intelligent small computing resources, it opens up a new era of bringing the intelligence of data collection, connectivity, computation and storage into the edge/device layer. A novel IoT blockchain strength monitoring system is also been studied to further enhance data veracity; this is achieved through a capacitance monitoring on the IoT blockchain system. The empirical results show that the proposed IoT blockchain with a strength monitoring model can alleviate data loss and thus enhance data veracity with data loss tolerance.

scholarly journals Blockchain Beyond Cryptocurrency: Non-Fungible Tokens

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Burcu Sakız ◽  
Ayşen Hiç Gencer
Keyword(s):  
Business Models ◽  
Disruptive Innovation ◽  
Peer To Peer ◽  
Smart Contracts ◽  
Blockchain Technology ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Peer Network ◽  
Work Mechanism ◽  
Distributed Networking ◽  
Peer To Peer Network

Blockchain technology is a disruptive innovation with the potential to replace existing business models that rely on centralized systems and third parties for trust. Even if there are a lot of application areas, blockchain used primarily for cryptocurrencies. Satoshi Nakamoto implemented the first blockchain application and invented the world’s first digital currency which is named as Bitcoin in 2008. Fundementally Bitcoin relies on cryptographic “proof of work” mechanism, digital signatures, and peer to peer distributed networking layer in order to provide a distributed ledger holding transactions. In 2014, a second generation of blockchains allow to program and execute them over distributed networks such as Ethereum project. The code to program any asset stored in blockchain’s peer-to-peer network is called as "smart contract" and smart contracts gives a powerful tool to developers for decentralized applications. There are various types of tokens that anyone can built on top of Ethereum and by combining smart contracts and new tokens, this paved the way of possibility to build a wide range of decentralized projects. One of the disruptive blockchain based innovation impacting intellectual property is called non-fungible-tokens or NFTs firstly introcuced in late 2017 on Ethereum network. This research contends that blockchain and non-fungible tokens (NFTs) which are cryptographically unique, scarce, non-replicable digital assets created through smart contracts and provably digital collectible assets. Our objective is to give NFT taxonomy, review NFT platforms and discuss technical challenges as well as recent advances in tackling the challenges. Moreover, this paper also aims to point out the future directions for NFT technology.

scholarly journals An Applicability of Blockchain Model in Business use Case - A Technical Approach

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anitha Premkumar
Keyword(s):  
Business Models ◽  
Business Networks ◽  
Business Network ◽  
Technical Approach ◽  
Electronic Communications ◽  
Blockchain Technology ◽  
Distributed Ledger ◽  
Peer Network ◽  
Peer To Peer Network ◽  
Transaction Processing Systems

Business network brings many organizations close together to achieve their desired goals and profit from it. People from different organizations may or may not know each other but still can be part of a business network. A major challenge with these business networks is how to provide trust among people and data security. Blockchain is another means through which many organizations in the current digital age are overcoming these problems with ease. Blockchains have also changed the way the business transactions with clients take place. Blockchain is a decentralized distributed ledger in a peer to peer network which can be public or private, and it enables individuals or companies to collaborate with each other to achieve trust and transparency between business and its clients. Many implementations of blockchain technology are widely available today. Each of them have their own strengths for a specific application domain. They can fundamentally alter electronic communications with a potential to affect all sorts of transaction processing systems. However, there are still many challenges of blockchain technology waiting to be solved such as scalability and adoptability. In this paper, we provide the knowledge on Blockchain technology and we present the applicability of blockchain in the business models and also discuss the relevant use cases for Banking and Supply Chain models.

scholarly journals Distributed database on blockchain technology for new era of electricity transactions

2019 ◽  
Vol XXII (1) ◽  
pp. 44-51
Author(s):  
Oprea S. V.
Keyword(s):  
Business Models ◽  
Market Competition ◽  
Distributed Database ◽  
Third Parties ◽  
Web Portals ◽  
New Era ◽  
Blockchain Technology ◽  
Consumption Behaviour ◽  
Consumption Data ◽  
Market Solutions

The electricity retailers or suppliers promote business models focused on consumers-centred services except few of them. The reader could even doubt their interest in offering the most appropriate tariffs since lower tariffs imply lower revenue and consequently lower profit. No one-fit-for-all service can actively engage the electricity consumers. Most of the electricity consumers do not understand their consumption behaviour because they do not know it, they do not have real access to the consumption data. The current web portals do not share the consumption data with third parties, thus there is no market solutions. In this paper, we propose a distributed database architecture on blockchain technology for electricity transactions that innovate and increase the market competition in the era of digitalization enhancing the consumers awareness and transparent transitions.

scholarly journals The core academic and scientific disciplines underlying data-driven smart sustainable urbanism: an interdisciplinary and transdisciplinary framework

2021 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Simon Elias Bibri
Keyword(s):  
The Body ◽  
Data Driven ◽  
New Era ◽  
The Core ◽  
Sustainable Urbanism ◽  
Scientific Disciplines ◽  
Specific Direction ◽  
Research Problems ◽  
Urban Planning And Development ◽  
Application Potential

AbstractA new era is presently unfolding wherein both smart urbanism and sustainable urbanism processes and practices are becoming highly responsive to a form of data-driven urbanism under what has to be identified as data-driven smart sustainable urbanism. This flourishing field of research is profoundly interdisciplinary and transdisciplinary in nature. It operates out of the understanding that advances in knowledge necessitate pursuing multifaceted questions that can only be resolved from the vantage point of interdisciplinarity and transdisciplinarity. This implies that the research problems within the field of data-driven smart sustainable urbanism are inherently too complex and dynamic to be addressed by single disciplines. As this field is not a specific direction of research, it does not have a unitary disciplinary framework in terms of a uniform set of the academic and scientific disciplines from which the underlying theories can be drawn. These theories constitute a unified foundation for the practice of data-driven smart sustainable urbanism. Therefore, it is of significant importance to develop an interdisciplinary and transdisciplinary framework. With that in regard, this paper identifies, describes, discusses, evaluates, and thematically organizes the core academic and scientific disciplines underlying the field of data-driven smart sustainable urbanism. This work provides an important lens through which to understand the set of established and emerging disciplines that have high integration, fusion, and application potential for informing the processes and practices of data-driven smart sustainable urbanism. As such, it provides fertile insights into the core foundational principles of data-driven smart sustainable urbanism as an applied domain in terms of its scientific, technological, and computational strands. The novelty of the proposed framework lies in its original contribution to the body of foundational knowledge of an emerging field of urban planning and development.

scholarly journals Towards a new era of mass data collection: Assessing pandemic surveillance technologies to preserve user privacy

2021 ◽  
Vol 167 ◽  
pp. 120681
Author(s):  
Samuel Ribeiro-Navarrete ◽  
Jose Ramon Saura ◽  
Daniel Palacios-Marqués
Keyword(s):  
Data Collection ◽  
User Privacy ◽  
New Era ◽  
Mass Data

The Application of the Blockchain Technology in Voting Systems

2021 ◽  
Vol 54 (3) ◽  
pp. 1-28
Author(s):  
Jun Huang ◽  
Debiao He ◽  
Mohammad S. Obaidat ◽  
Pandi Vijayakumar ◽  
Min Luo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Research Agenda ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Voting Systems ◽  
Comprehensive Review ◽  
Formal Expression ◽  
Future Research Agenda ◽  
Blockchain Technology ◽  
Peer Network ◽  
Peer To Peer Network ◽  
Insight Into

Voting is a formal expression of opinion or choice, either positive or negative, made by an individual or a group of individuals. However, conventional voting systems tend to be centralized, which are known to suffer from security and efficiency limitations. Hence, there has been a trend of moving to decentralized voting systems, such as those based on blockchain. The latter is a decentralized digital ledger in a peer-to-peer network, where a copy of the append-only ledger of digitally signed and encrypted transactions is maintained by each participant. Therefore, in this article, we perform a comprehensive review of blockchain-based voting systems and classify them based on a number of features (e.g., the types of blockchain used, the consensus approaches used, and the scale of participants). By systematically analyzing and comparing the different blockchain-based voting systems, we also identify a number of limitations and research opportunities. Hopefully, this survey will provide an in-depth insight into the potential utility of blockchain in voting systems and device future research agenda.

scholarly journals Blockchain-Based Application for Certification Management

2020 ◽  
Vol 14 (4) ◽  
pp. 488-492
Author(s):  
Jovan Karamachoski ◽  
Ninoslav Marina ◽  
Pavel Taskov
Keyword(s):  
Supply Chain ◽  
Business Models ◽  
Human Factor ◽  
Computer Code ◽  
Chain Management ◽  
Practical Applications ◽  
Sustainable Technologies ◽  
Blockchain Technology ◽  
Smart Contract ◽  
Crucial Part

Blockchain technology will bring a disruption in plenty of industries and businesses. Recently it proved the robustness, immutability, auditability, in many crucial practical applications. The blockchain structure offers traceability of actions, alterations, alerts, which is an important property of a system needed for development of sustainable technologies. A crucial part of the blockchain technology regarding the optimization of the processes is the smart contract. It is a self-executable computer code, open and transparent, encoding the terms of a regular contract. It is able to automate the processes, thus decreasing the human-factor mistakes or counterfeits. In this paper, we are presenting the feasibility of the blockchain technology in the certification processes, with an application developed for university diploma certification. The example is easily transferable in other areas and business models such as logistics, supply chain management, or other segments where certification is essential.

scholarly journals Data Papers as a New Form of Knowledge Organization in the Field of Research Data

2019 ◽  
Vol 46 (8) ◽  
pp. 622-638
Author(s):  
Joachim Schöpfel ◽  
Dominic Farace ◽  
Hélène Prost ◽  
Antonella Zane
Keyword(s):  
Business Models ◽  
Open Science ◽  
Research Data ◽  
Data Driven ◽  
Academic Publishing ◽  
Science Data ◽  
Research Data Management ◽  
Fair Principles ◽  
New Form ◽  
Machine Readable

Data papers have been defined as scholarly journal publications whose primary purpose is to describe research data. Our survey provides more insights about the environment of data papers, i.e., disciplines, publishers and business models, and about their structure, length, formats, metadata, and licensing. Data papers are a product of the emerging ecosystem of data-driven open science. They contribute to the FAIR principles for research data management. However, the boundaries with other categories of academic publishing are partly blurred. Data papers are (can be) generated automatically and are potentially machine-readable. Data papers are essentially information, i.e., description of data, but also partly contribute to the generation of knowledge and data on its own. Part of the new ecosystem of open and data-driven science, data papers and data journals are an interesting and relevant object for the assessment and understanding of the transition of the former system of academic publishing.

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