scholarly journals Beekeeping in the Desert: Foraging Activities of Honey Bee during Major Honeyflow in a Hot-Arid Ecosystem

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (20) ◽  
pp. 9756
Author(s):  
Abdulaziz S. Alqarni ◽  
Javaid Iqbal ◽  
Hael S. Raweh ◽  
Awad M. A. Hassan ◽  
Ayman A. Owayss
Keyword(s):  
Apis Mellifera ◽  
Honey Bee ◽  
Weather Conditions ◽  
Arid Environment ◽  
Temperature Threshold ◽  
Thermal Window ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Rich Flora ◽  
June July

This study investigated the outgoing and pollen-gathering foraging activities of Apis mellifera jemenitica (AMJ) and Apis mellifera carnica (AMC) under a hot-arid environment in the presence of nectar-rich melliferous Ziziphus nummularia flora. The data revealed the differential effects of weather conditions and Z. nummularia flora on the foraging activities of the studied honey bee subspecies in the Rawdat-Khuraim oasis in central Saudi Arabia. Z. nummularia exhibited two flowering seasons, from June–July (season I) and August–October (season II), with a significantly higher mean flowering density observed during season II (404 flowers/m2) than during season I (235 flowers/m2). AMJ showed significantly higher foraging activities (outgoing and pollen-gathering) than AMC (exotic bees) during all months in each flowering season. The mean outgoing and pollen-gathering foraging rates of AMJ (32.40 ± 0.67 and 4.88 ± 0.40 workers/colony/min, respectively) were significantly higher than those of AMC (15.93 ± 1.20 and 2.39 ± 0.23 workers/colony/min, respectively). The outgoing and pollen-gathering foraging activities of the two subspecies fluctuated throughout the different times of day. Foraging activities were considerably high at sunrise (SR) and low at noon (N) during both flowering seasons. We also observed seasonal variations in the foraging activities of both bee subspecies. The mean foraging activities (outgoing and pollen-gathering) were slightly higher in season I (27.43 ± 1.21 and 4.46 ± 0.45 workers/colony/min, respectively) than in season II (21.71 ± 0.86 and 3.02 ± 0.22 workers/colony/min, respectively). The thermal window analysis revealed a significant difference between the flight activities (bees exiting and returning to the nest throughout the day) of AMJ and AMC; AMJ had a higher temperature threshold than AMC. The outgoing and pollen-gathering foraging activities within each bee subspecies were positively correlated. The present study can help researchers understand the performances of honeybees and the association of their performances with weather and nectar-rich flora conditions.

Survey of feral honey bee (Apis mellifera) colonies for Nosema apis in Western Australia

2007 ◽  
Vol 47 (7) ◽  
pp. 883 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rob Manning ◽  
Kate Lancaster ◽  
April Rutkay ◽  
Linda Eaton
Keyword(s):  
Apis Mellifera ◽  
Honey Bee ◽  
Western Australia ◽  
Honey Bees ◽  
Nosema Apis ◽  
The South ◽  
South West ◽  
Feral Populations ◽  
Significant Difference

The parasite, Nosema apis, was found to be widespread among feral populations of honey bees (Apis mellifera) in the south-west of Western Australia. The location, month of collection and whether the feral colony was enclosed in an object or exposed to the environment, all affected the presence and severity of infection. There was no significant difference in the probability of infection between managed and feral bees. However, when infected by N. apis, managed bees appeared to have a greater severity of the infection.

scholarly journals Thermoregulation in colonies of africanized and hybrids with Caucasian, Italian and Carniolan Apis mellifera honey bees

1999 ◽  
Vol 42 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
Vagner de Alencar Arnaut de Toledo ◽  
Regina Helena Nogueira-Couto
Keyword(s):  
Apis Mellifera ◽  
Honey Bees ◽  
Maximum Temperature ◽  
Tropical Region ◽  
Internal Temperature ◽  
Africanized Honey Bees ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
The Mean ◽  
One Year ◽  
Brood Nest

This experiment was carried out to study the internal temperature regulation of a colony of Africanized honey bees (AFR), compared with hybrid Caucasian (CAU), Italian (ITA), and Carniolan (CAR) bees, during the period of one year and different size hives located in a sub-tropical region. The instant internal temperature, 33.7 ± 1.5° C for the AFR, 33.5 ± 1.4° C for the CAU, 33.7 ± 1.5° C for the ITA and 33.8 ± 1.4° C for the CAR, did not show any significant difference (P>0.05). The maximum temperature (36.1 ± 2.3° C) was statistically different (P<0.05) from the minimum (27.6 ± 5.3° C). There was no difference (P>0.05) in the mean internal temperature, between the nucleus (31.7 ± 6.3° C) and the brood nest (32.1 ± 5.3° C) measured between two and four o'clock in the afternoon.

Lambing season and fertility of fat-tailed ewes under an extensive production system are associated with liveweight and body condition around mating

2009 ◽  
Vol 49 (12) ◽  
pp. 1086 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. K. Esmailizadeh ◽  
O. Dayani ◽  
M. S. Mokhtari
Keyword(s):  
Body Condition ◽  
Production System ◽  
Fixed Effects ◽  
Body Condition Score ◽  
Mating Period ◽  
Breed Group ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Condition Score ◽  
The Mean ◽  
June July

The objective of this study was to investigate to what extent fertility and lambing season of fat-tailed ewes raised under an extensive production system are related to liveweight, body condition and changes around mating. Ewe liveweight and body condition score (BSC) were recorded in June, July and August over a period of 3 years (1999–2001) in 11 flocks (eight flocks of Kurdi breed and three flocks of Kurdi × Sanjabi crossbred). Both Kurdi and Sanjabi are native fat-tailed breeds in western Iran. In total, 3278 lambing records relating to 1592 ewes and data on mating date, liveweight and BCS of 1930 ewes (3975 records) were used for statistical analyses. The statistical model for bodyweight and body condition data included fixed effects of breed group, flock nested within breed group, year, the future lambing status following summer breeding (barren, autumn lambing and winter lambing), ewe age and all two-way interactions. Breed group had a significant effect on ewe liveweight (P < 0.01). However, there was no significant difference between BCS of the two breed groups around mating. Ewe liveweights measured in June, July and August had significant effects on fertility and lambing season (P < 0.01). Ewes that produced lambs were generally heavier at mating than barren ewes (P < 0.01). Autumn-lambing ewes were heavier than winter-lambing ewes in June and July (P < 0.01). Effects of changes in liveweight on fertility and lambing season were significant (P < 0.01). The effects of BCS in June, July and August (P < 0.01) and changes in BCS during the mating period (P < 0.05) on fertility and lambing season were also significant. The mean BCS (in June and July) of autumn-lambing ewes was greater than that of the winter-lambing and barren ewes (P < 0.05). The proportion of autumn-lambing ewes significantly increased as BCS in July increased, whereas the proportion of barren ewes decreased (P < 0.01). Fertility was associated with age so that as the age of the ewes increased from 2 to 7 years, the proportion of barren ewes significantly decreased from 29 to 5% (P < 0.01). There was a relatively high proportion of very thin ewes of 2 and 3 years of age. These findings imply that low body condition is a particular problem in younger ewes suggesting the importance of giving special nutritional treatment to younger ewes to reduce the proportion of barren ewes.

XI.—An Investigation into the Effects of Seasonal Changes on Body Temperature

1913 ◽  
Vol 32 ◽  
pp. 110-135 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sutherland Simpson
Keyword(s):  
Body Temperature ◽  
Rectal Temperature ◽  
Egg Production ◽  
Weather Conditions ◽  
Barometric Pressure ◽  
Temperature Curve ◽  
The Body ◽  
The Mean ◽  
One Year ◽  
June July

SummaryMonthly observations, extending over one year, were made on the rectal temperature of 114 domestic fowls (Gallus gallus, ♀) and records from forty-one of these were obtained for two years. Six different breeds were used, each located in a separate pen, all under similar conditions, and the mean temperatures for each group were plotted out to form an annual temperature curve. It was found that—1. The lowest temperatures occur in December, January, and February, and the highest in June, July, and August, corresponding in a general way with the temperature of the external air.2. Barometric pressure does not appear to have any influence on the body temperature of the hen.3. The curve of egg-production does not coincide with the annual temperature curve, the former reaching its highest level in April and May, the latter in June, July, and August.If we compare the mean rectal temperature at two periods of the year when the external or weather conditions are approximately the same (April-May and September-October), but when the vitality of the birds, as indicated by the curve of egg-production, moulting, etc., is at a maximum and minimum respectively, we find that the figures are practically identical. This would seem to show that cyclical bodily changes have little effect on body temperature as compared with outside influences.

Growth of Apis mellifera (L.) colonies influenced by honey extraction frequencies

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sumit Chaudhary ◽  
O.P. Chaudhary ◽  
Vadde Anoosha
Keyword(s):  
Apis Mellifera ◽  
Honey Bee ◽  
Colony Growth ◽  
High Pollen ◽  
Single Extraction ◽  
Honey Production ◽  
Significant Difference

Present re search was formulated to find out how honey extraction frequencies influence colony growth and honey production of European honey bee Apis mellifera colonies. Colonies were equalized in terms of food and brood before starting experiment and were subjected to three types of honey extraction frequencies namely single, two and regular/ farmer’s practices. Observations were recorded fortnightly throughout the honey flow season for two consecutive years (2014-16). As per present findings single extraction frequency have maximum mean honey area of 668.4 inches2 followed by twice extracted colonies (568.6) with significant difference and regular extraction (449.0) gives least honey. Honey peaks were observed during mid February (837.8-916.8 inches2) which remains significantly higher than honey areas in January and in March. As far as colony growth was concerned colonies with two extractions have high total brood areas of 436.4 inches2 and similar trend was followed in case of larvae, pupae and egg. Effect on pollen stores gave a different picture in contrast of other parameters here colonies with regular extraction were observed with significantly high pollen stores (99.3 inches2) than single extracted colonies (83.7 inches2). For high honey production single extraction was recommended and if colony multiplication was also an aim than twice extraction is best option as per findings.

scholarly journals Adana İli Arıcılığının Yapısını Belirlemek Üzere Yapılan Bir Anket Çalışması

2019 ◽  
Vol 7 (12) ◽  
pp. 2030
Author(s):  
Mustafa Güneşdoğdu ◽  
Ethem Akyol
Keyword(s):  
Apis Mellifera ◽  
Data Collection ◽  
Primary School ◽  
Honey Bee ◽  
Personal Information ◽  
Educational Status ◽  
Education Level ◽  
Collection Method ◽  
Geographic Structure ◽  
Rich Flora

Adana province is very suitable for honey bee (Apis mellifera) breeding in terms of climate, geographic structure and rich flora. This study was carried out to investigate of beekeeping structure in Adana. The research was carried out as a questionnaire with technical questions related to technical beekeeping by visiting 169 beekeepers in Adana. In this study, a questionnaire consisting of multiple choice and open-ended questions were used as a data collection method. This survey were obtained data on beekeepers personal information, educational status, reasons for starting beekeeping, how many years they have been beekeeping, recognition of bee diseases and pests, and reared bee species. It is an effort to depict the technical and economic characteristics of province beekeeping practices in order to discover the overall structure of beekeeping in the province. According to the results of the survey, 99.4% of beekeepers’ gender were male, average age 47.77, 58.5% of beekeepers’ education level were primary school, beekeeping experience averaged 19.22 years and colony numbers were 293.21 per beekeeper. Furthermore, the problems of beekeepers were tried to determine.

scholarly journals Evaluation of factors influencing tick bites and tick-borne infections: a longitudinal study

2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Bo Bødker Jensen ◽  
Mie Topholm Bruun ◽  
Per Moestrup Jensen ◽  
Andreas Kristian Pedersen ◽  
Pierre-Edouard Fournier ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Blood Donors ◽  
Seroconversion Rate ◽  
Clinical Manifestations ◽  
Weather Conditions ◽  
Igg Antibodies ◽  
Tick Bites ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Study Population ◽  
June July

Abstract Background Various tick-borne infections like borreliosis and rickettsiosis pose a health risk to humans in many parts of the world. We investigated seroprevalence of and seroconversion to Borrelia burgdorferi and Rickettsia spp. and relation to tick-bites, weather and clinical manifestations in Denmark. Methods Blood donors were enrolled at the Hospital of Southern Jutland in June–July with follow-up November–February of 2018 and 2019. Blood samples were collected, and a questionnaire regarding tick bites, potential exposures and symptoms was completed at each visit. Samples were tested for presence of IgM and IgG antibodies directed against B. burgdorferi and Rickettsia spp. using R. helvetica and R. felis as antigens. Data were examined for correlation between tick bites, serological results, potential exposures and symptoms. Results Two-hundred and fourteen (93 follow-ups) and 130 (38 follow-ups) blood donors were included in 2018 and 2019, respectively. The total borrelia seroconversion rate was 6.3% (CI 2.1–10.5), while the prevalence of IgM and IgG antibodies was 7.8% (CI 4.9–10.6) and 6.7% (CI 4–9.3), respectively. Seroconversion to Rickettsia spp. was detected in one participant. Tick bites and seroconversion were not significantly associated with the reported unspecific symptoms, but unspecific symptoms were common in the study population. There was no significant difference in number of tick bites or seroconversion/prevalence between seasons with highly alternating weather. Conclusions Results suggest that weather conditions in an individual year have a limited impact. Anti-Borrelia-antibodies do not seem to persist in serum for several years. Rickettsiosis is of limited concern in Denmark. Graphic abstract

scholarly journals Comparison of Hygienic Behavior of Exotic Honey Bee Apis mellifera L. and Indigenous Honey Bee Apis cerana of Pakistan

Sociobiology ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 67 (1) ◽  
pp. 74
Author(s):  
Muhammad Shakeel ◽  
Hussain Ali ◽  
Sajjad Ahmad
Keyword(s):  
Apis Mellifera ◽  
Exotic Species ◽  
Honey Bee ◽  
Honey Bees ◽  
Climatic Condition ◽  
Apis Cerana ◽  
Hygienic Behavior ◽  
Khyber Pakhtunkhwa ◽  
Equal Strength ◽  
Significant Difference

Indigenous and exotic honey bee species were evaluated for their hygienic behavior in the climatic condition of Peshawar Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan. Colonies of equal strength from indigenous (Apis cerana) and exotic (Apis mellifera) species were selected for the study. The same colonies were tested in two seasons. Sealed brood were killed with different methods i.e pin killed and freeze killed. The uncapping of cells and brood removal was recorded at different intervals. Significant differences were recorded between hygienic behavior of both species of honey bees. Apis cerana showed significantly superior hygienic behavior than Apis mellifera in both seasons. At different intervals in both species significant differences were recorded. A significant difference was recorded after 12 and 24 hours between the species in both seasons. No significant differences were recorded after 48hours in both species. From the study it is concluded that indigenous honey bee species has superior hygienic behavior than exotic species.

scholarly journals PERBANDINGAN EFEKTIVITAS BERKUMUR MENGGUNAKAN LARUTAN PROPOLIS LEBAH 12,38% (APIS MELLIFERA) DAN KLORHEKSIDIN GLUKONAT 0,2 % TERHADAP INDEKS PLAK

2014 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 46-55
Author(s):  
Dara Puspita Harvi ◽  
Nur Indrawati Lipoeto ◽  
Hidayati Hidayati
Keyword(s):  
Apis Mellifera ◽  
Standard Deviation ◽  
Side Effects ◽  
Dental Plaque ◽  
Chlorhexidine Gluconate ◽  
Plaque Index ◽  
P Value ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Dental Plaque Index

Dental plaque is the primary etiologic in the development of caries and periodontal disease. Chlorhexidine gluconate 0.2% is the mouthwash that is widely used and effective in reducing dental plaque index, but this mouthwash is chemical with few side effects if used for long periods. Propolis is a bee product that has a high content of flavonoids antibacterial and has many benefits in health and has minimal side effects because it belongs to natural product. This study aims to determine differences in the gargling effectiveness using Chlorhexidine gluconate 0.2% and bee propolis solution 12.38% (Apis mellifera) in reducing dental plaque index. The method used in this research was a clinical experimental with the design of one group pretest and posttest. The subjects consisted of 20 students of MA DR. Abd. Ahmad PGAI Padang. Dental plaque index was measured using PHP plaque index before and after gargling using the solution of bee propolis (Apis mellifera) 12.38% and chlorhexidine gluconate 0.2%. The data of research findings were analyzed using paired T-test (p<0.05). The results show that the mean of plaque index reduction of gargling using the solution of bee propolis 12.38% (Apis mellifera) is 0,88 with the standard deviation of ± 0.66 and the mean of plaque index of gargling using Chlorhexidine gluconate 0. 2% is 1.56 with the standard deviation of ± 0.79. There is a significant difference with p value = 0.005 (p <0.05). Chlorhexidine gluconate 0.2% shows higher reduction, but this mouthwash is the chemical with few side effects, while the solution of bee propolis 12.38% (Apis mellifera) is a natural substance that is safer to use.

scholarly journals Procruste analysis of forewing shape in two endemic honeybee subspecies Apis mellifera intermissa and A. m. sahariensis from the Northwest of Algeria

2020 ◽  
Vol 22 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Fouzia Abed ◽  
Benabdellah Bachir-Bouiadjra ◽  
Lahouari Dahloum ◽  
Abdulmojeed Yakubu ◽  
Ahmed Haddad ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Apis Mellifera ◽  
Honey Bee ◽  
Geometric Approach ◽  
Wing Shape ◽  
Shape Variation ◽  
Apis Mellifera Intermissa ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Validation Procedure ◽  
Honeybee Subspecies ◽  
The Right

Abstract. Abed F, Bachir-Bouiadjra B, Dahloum L, Yakubu A, Haddad A, Homrani A. 2021. Procruste analysis of forewing shape in two endemic honeybee subspecies Apis mellifera intermissa and A. m. sahariensis from the Northwest of Algeria. Biodiversitas 22: 154-164. Honey bees play an important role as pollinators of many crops. Thus they are collectively considered as a veritable economic source. The present study was undertaken to describe variation in the right forewing geometry in two Algerian honeybee subspecies Apis mellifera intermissa and Apis mellifera sahariensis using landmark-based geometric morphometrics. A total of 1286 honeybees were sampled from 12 provinces in the northwest of Algeria. The forewing geometry was evaluated using 20 homologous landmarks by applying Procrustes superimposition analysis. The top four principal components accounted for only 41.1% of wing shape variation between the two subspecies. There was a significant difference in wing shape between the two subspecies (Mahalanobis distance = 1.0626 ; P<0.001), whereas their wing size seemed similar (P>0.05). Regarding the allometric effect, the percentage of variation in wing shape explained by size changes was relatively small, with 1.28% and 4.37% for A. m. intermissa and A.m sahariensis, respectively. The cross-validation procedure correctly classified 68.3% of specimens into their original groups. PERMANOVA test revealed significant differences in the right forewing shape among all geographic areas studied (P<0.001). The results clearly showed that the landmark-based geometric approach applied to forewings venation is a powerful and reliable tool in the discrimination of native honey bee subspecies and should be considered in local honey bee biodiversity improvement and conservation initiatives.

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