scholarly journals A Self-Activated CNN Approach for Multi-Class Chest-Related COVID-19 Detection

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (19) ◽  
pp. 9023
Author(s):  
Najam-ur Rehman ◽  
Muhammad Sultan Zia ◽  
Talha Meraj ◽  
Hafiz Tayyab Rauf ◽  
Robertas Damaševičius ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Neural Network ◽  
Machine Learning ◽  
State Of The Art ◽  
Detection System ◽  
Classification Methods ◽  
Single Class ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Computer Aided ◽  
Chest X Ray ◽  
Fully Connected

Chest diseases can be dangerous and deadly. They include many chest infections such as pneumonia, asthma, edema, and, lately, COVID-19. COVID-19 has many similar symptoms compared to pneumonia, such as breathing hardness and chest burden. However, it is a challenging task to differentiate COVID-19 from other chest diseases. Several related studies proposed a computer-aided COVID-19 detection system for the single-class COVID-19 detection, which may be misleading due to similar symptoms of other chest diseases. This paper proposes a framework for the detection of 15 types of chest diseases, including the COVID-19 disease, via a chest X-ray modality. Two-way classification is performed in proposed Framework. First, a deep learning-based convolutional neural network (CNN) architecture with a soft-max classifier is proposed. Second, transfer learning is applied using fully-connected layer of proposed CNN that extracted deep features. The deep features are fed to the classical Machine Learning (ML) classification methods. However, the proposed framework improves the accuracy for COVID-19 detection and increases the predictability rates for other chest diseases. The experimental results show that the proposed framework, when compared to other state-of-the-art models for diagnosing COVID-19 and other chest diseases, is more robust, and the results are promising.

An Efficient Method for Coronavirus Detection Through X-rays using deep Neural Network

2021 ◽  
Vol 17 ◽  
Author(s):  
P. Srinivasa Rao ◽  
Pradeep Bheemavarapu ◽  
P. S. Latha Kalyampudi ◽  
T. V. Madhusudhana Rao
Keyword(s):  
Neural Network ◽  
Network Model ◽  
Neural Network Model ◽  
Chronic Respiratory Disease ◽  
Automated System ◽  
X Rays ◽  
Medical Problems ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Chest X Ray ◽  
Fully Connected

Background: Coronavirus (COVID-19) is a group of infectious diseases caused by related viruses called coronaviruses. In humans, the seriousness of infection caused by a coronavirus in the respiratory tract can vary from mild to lethal. A serious illness can be developed in old people and those with underlying medical problems like diabetes, cardiovascular disease, cancer, and chronic respiratory disease. For the diagnosis of the coronavirus disease, due to the growing number of cases, a limited number of test kits for COVID-19 are available in the hospitals. Hence, it is important to implement an automated system as an immediate alternative diagnostic option to pause the spread of COVID-19 in the population. Objective: This paper proposes a deep learning model for classification of coronavirus infected patient detection using chest X-ray radiographs. Methods: A fully connected convolutional neural network model is developed to classify healthy and diseased X-ray radiographs. The proposed neural network model consists of seven convolutional layers with rectified linear unit, softmax (last layer) activation functions and max pooling layers which were trained using the publicly available COVID-19 dataset. Results and Conclusion: For validation of the proposed model, the publicly available chest X-ray radiograph dataset consisting COVID-19 and normal patient’s images were used. Considering the performance of the results that are evaluated based on various evaluation metrics such as precision, recall, MSE, RMSE & accuracy, it is seen that the accuracy of the proposed CNN model is 98.07%.

scholarly journals Klasifikasi Chest X-Ray Images Berdasarkan Kriteria Gejala Covid-19 Menggunakan Convolutional Neural Network

2021 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
pp. 147-153
Author(s):  
Vina Ayumi ◽  
Ida Nurhaida
Keyword(s):  
Neural Network ◽  
Deep Learning ◽  
Convolutional Neural Network ◽  
Output Parameter ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Chest X Ray ◽  
Fully Connected

Deteksi dini terhadap adanya indikasi pasien dengan gejala COVID-19 perlu dilakukan untuk mengurangi penyebaran virus. Salah satu cara yang dapat dilakukan untuk mendeteksi virus COVID-19 adalah dengan cara mempelajari citra chest x-ray pasien dengan gejala Covid-19. Citra chest x-ray dianggap mampu menggambarkan kondisi paru-paru pasien COVID-19 sebagai alat bantu untuk diagnosa klinis. Penelitian ini mengusulkan pendekatan deep learning berbasis convolutional neural network (CNN) untuk klasifikasi gejala COVID-19 melalui citra chest X-Ray. Evaluasi performa metode yang diusulkan akan menggunakan perhitungan accuracy, precision, recall, f1-score, dan cohens kappa. Penelitian ini menggunakan model CNN dengan 2 lapis layer convolusi dan maxpoling serta fully-connected layer untuk output. Parameter-parameter yang digunakan diantaranya batch_size = 32, epoch = 50, learning_rate = 0.001, dengan optimizer yaitu Adam. Nilai akurasi validasi (val_acc) terbaik diperoleh pada epoch ke-49 dengan nilai 0.9606, nilai loss validasi (val_loss) 0.1471, akurasi training (acc) 0.9405, dan loss training (loss) 0.2558.

scholarly journals One-shot Cluster-Based Approach for the Detection of COVID–19 from Chest X–ray Images

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
V. N. Manjunath Aradhya ◽  
Mufti Mahmud ◽  
D. S. Guru ◽  
Basant Agarwal ◽  
M. Shamim Kaiser
Keyword(s):  
Neural Network ◽  
Machine Learning ◽  
Probabilistic Neural Network ◽  
Classification Model ◽  
Superior Performance ◽  
Generalized Regression Neural Network ◽  
X Rays ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Proposed Model ◽  
Chest X Ray

AbstractCoronavirus disease (COVID-19) has infected over more than 28.3 million people around the globe and killed 913K people worldwide as on 11 September 2020. With this pandemic, to combat the spreading of COVID-19, effective testing methodologies and immediate medical treatments are much required. Chest X-rays are the widely available modalities for immediate diagnosis of COVID-19. Hence, automation of detection of COVID-19 from chest X-ray images using machine learning approaches is of greater demand. A model for detecting COVID-19 from chest X-ray images is proposed in this paper. A novel concept of cluster-based one-shot learning is introduced in this work. The introduced concept has an advantage of learning from a few samples against learning from many samples in case of deep leaning architectures. The proposed model is a multi-class classification model as it classifies images of four classes, viz., pneumonia bacterial, pneumonia virus, normal, and COVID-19. The proposed model is based on ensemble of Generalized Regression Neural Network (GRNN) and Probabilistic Neural Network (PNN) classifiers at decision level. The effectiveness of the proposed model has been demonstrated through extensive experimentation on a publicly available dataset consisting of 306 images. The proposed cluster-based one-shot learning has been found to be more effective on GRNN and PNN ensembled model to distinguish COVID-19 images from that of the other three classes. It has also been experimentally observed that the model has a superior performance over contemporary deep learning architectures. The concept of one-shot cluster-based learning is being first of its kind in literature, expected to open up several new dimensions in the field of machine learning which require further researching for various applications.

scholarly journals Fast COVID-19 Detection of Chest X-Ray Images Using Single Shot Detection MobileNet Convolutional Neural Networks

2021 ◽  
Vol 56 (2) ◽  
pp. 235-248
Author(s):  
Fatchul Arifin ◽  
Herjuna Artanto ◽  
Nurhasanah ◽  
Teddy Surya Gunawan
Keyword(s):  
Neural Network ◽  
Detection System ◽  
Network Models ◽  
Single Shot ◽  
Neural Network Models ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Detection Model ◽  
Shot Detection ◽  
Average Accuracy ◽  
Chest X Ray

COVID-19 is a new disease with a very rapid and tremendous spread. The most important thing needed now is a COVID-19 early detection system that is fast, easy to use, portable, and affordable. Various studies on desktop-based detection using Convolutional Neural Networks have been successfully conducted. However, no research has yet applied mobile-based detection, which requires low computational cost. Therefore, this research aims to produce a COVID-19 early detection system based on chest X-ray images using Convolutional Neural Network models to be deployed in mobile applications. It is expected that the proposed Convolutional Neural Network models can detect COVID-19 quickly, economically, and accurately. The used architecture is MobileNet's Single Shot Detection. The advantage of the Single Shot Detection MobileNet models is that they are lightweight to be applied to mobile-based devices. Therefore, these two versions will also be tested, which one is better. Both models have successfully detected COVID-19, normal, and viral pneumonia conditions with an average overall accuracy of 93.24% based on the test results. The Single Shot Detection MobileNet V1 model can detect COVID-19 with an average accuracy of 83.7%, while the Single Shot Detection MobileNet V2 Single Shot Detection model can detect COVID-19 with an average accuracy of 87.5%. Based on the research conducted, it can be concluded that the approach to detecting chest X-rays of COVID-19 can be detected using the MobileNet Single Shot Detection model. Besides, the V2 model shows better performance than the V1. Therefore, this model can be applied to increase the speed and affordability of COVID-19 detection.

scholarly journals Performance Result for Detection of COVID-19 using Deep Learning

2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (7) ◽  
pp. 699-703
Keyword(s):  
Neural Network ◽  
Classification Model ◽  
Classification Models ◽  
X Ray ◽  
The World ◽  
Rectified Linear Unit ◽  
Chest X Ray ◽  
Novel Coronavirus ◽  
The Masses ◽  
Fully Connected

The 2019 novel coronavirus (COVID-19), which has sprawled fleetly among masses residing in distant nations, had a prefatory juncture in China. From both a safeness and a lucrative outlook, it has staggered the world with its hasty diffusion with conjectural vicious generic repercussions for the masses. Consequent to the escalating cases daily, there is a constricted fraction of COVID-19 inspection kits acquirable in healthcare institutions. Ergo, to obviate COVID-19 propagating betwixt masses, it is imperative to enforce an instinctive unveiling network as a prompt jack legging diagnosis appendage. The contemplated method embroils a convolutional neural network- based model, namely ResNet50, concerted with a Fully Connected Layer (FCL), reinforced by Rectified Linear Unit (ReLU) for the unearthing of coronavirus pneumonia imparted sufferer by harnessing chest X-ray radiographs. The endorsed classification model, i.e. resnet50 affirmed by FCL and ReLU, compassed accuracy of 94% for unearthing COVID-19. When equated to diverse classification models, the purported model is preeminent. The aftereffect is premised on the attested X-ray images from the data appropriable in the arsenal of Kaggle

scholarly journals Machine Learning Approach for Classification of Cancer Stages

2019 ◽  
pp. 1-4
Author(s):  
Shubham Hingmire
Keyword(s):  
Neural Network ◽  
Machine Learning ◽  
Health Care ◽  
Disease Diagnosis ◽  
Learning Approach ◽  
Classification Methods ◽  
Medical Diagnoses ◽  
Machine Learning Approach ◽  
Computer Aided

The simplest form of health care is diagnosis and prevention. of disease. Machine learning (ML) methods help achieve this goal. This project aims to compare method of computer aided medical diagnoses. The ?rst of these methods is a classify disease diagnosis according to their data. This involves the training of an Arti?cial Neural Network to respond to several patient parameters. And also comparing various classification methods the purpose research classifier classi?es the patients in two class ?rst is malignant and second is benign.

scholarly journals PDCOVIDNet: A Parallel-Dilated Convolutional Neural Network Architecture for Detecting COVID-19 from Chest X-Ray Images

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nihad K Chowdhury ◽  
Muhtadir Rahman ◽  
Muhammad Ashad Kabir
Keyword(s):  
Neural Network ◽  
Convolutional Neural Network ◽  
Network Architecture ◽  
Performance Metrics ◽  
Detection System ◽  
Feature Maps ◽  
Screening Techniques ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Support Resistance ◽  
Chest X Ray

The COVID-19 pandemic continues to severely undermine the prosperity of the global health system. To combat this pandemic, effective screening techniques for infected patients are indispensable. There is no doubt that the use of chest X-ray images for radiological assessment is one of the essential screening techniques. Some of the early studies revealed that the patient’s chest X-ray images showed abnormalities, which is natural for patients infected with COVID-19. In this paper,we proposed a parallel-dilated convolutional neural network (CNN) based COVID-19 detection system from chest x-ray images, named as Parallel-Dilated COVIDNet (PDCOVIDNet). First, the publicly available chest X-ray collection fully preloaded and enhanced, and then classified by the proposed method. Differing convolution dilation rate in a parallel form demonstrates the proof-of-principle for using PDCOVIDNet to extract radiological features for COVID-19 detection. Accordingly, we have assisted our method with two visualization methods, which are specifically designed to increase understanding of the key components associated with COVID-19 infection. Both visualization methods compute gradients for a given image category related to feature maps of the last convolutional layer to create a class-discriminative region. In our experiment, we used a total of 2,905 chest X-ray images, comprising three cases (such as COVID-19, normal, and viral pneumonia), and empirical evaluations revealed that the proposed method extracted more significantfeatures expeditiously related to suspected disease. The experimental results demonstrate that our proposed method significantly improves performance metrics: the accuracy, precision, recall and F1 scores reach 96.58%, 96.58%, 96.59% and 96.58%, respectively, which is comparable or enhanced compared with the state-of-the-art methods. We believe that our contribution can support resistance to COVID-19, and will adopt for COVID-19 screening in AI-based systems.

scholarly journals Medical Fraud and Abuse Detection System Based on Machine Learning

2020 ◽  
Vol 17 (19) ◽  
pp. 7265 ◽  
Author(s):  
Conghai Zhang ◽  
Xinyao Xiao ◽  
Chao Wu
Keyword(s):  
Neural Network ◽  
Machine Learning ◽  
Health Care ◽  
Anomaly Detection ◽  
Healthcare System ◽  
Loss Function ◽  
Detection System ◽  
Relative Probability ◽  
Fully Connected ◽  
Better Than

It is estimated that approximately 10% of healthcare system expenditures are wasted due to medical fraud and abuse. In the medical area, the combination of thousands of drugs and diseases make the supervision of health care more difficult. To quantify the disease–drug relationship into relationship score and do anomaly detection based on this relationship score and other features, we proposed a neural network with fully connected layers and sparse convolution. We introduced a focal-loss function to adapt to the data imbalance and a relative probability score to measure the model’s performance. As our model performs much better than previous ones, it can well alleviate analysts’ work.

The Diagnosis of COVID-19 through X-ray Images via Transfer Learning and Fine-Tuned Dense Layer on Pipeline

Mekatronika ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 3 (2) ◽  
pp. 19-24
Author(s):  
Amiir Haamzah Mohamed Ismail ◽  
Mohd Azraai Mohd Razman ◽  
Ismail Mohd Khairuddin ◽  
Muhammad Amirul Abdullah ◽  
Rabiu Muazu Musa ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Machine Learning ◽  
Transfer Learning ◽  
Screening Method ◽  
Learning Technologies ◽  
Fine Tuning ◽  
Dense Layer ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Chest X Ray ◽  
The Common ◽  
Fully Connected

X-ray is used in medical treatment as a method to diagnose the human body internally from diseases. Nevertheless, the development in machine learning technologies for pattern recognition have allowed machine learning of diagnosing diseases from chest X-ray images. One such diseases that are able to be detected by using X-ray is the COVID-19 coronavirus. This research investigates the diagnosis of COVID-19 through X-ray images by using transfer learning and fine-tuning of the fully connected layer. Next, hyperparameters such as dropout, p, number of neurons, and activation functions are investigated on which combinations of these hyperparameters will yield the highest classification accuracy model. InceptionV3 which is one of the common neural network is used for feature extraction from chest X-ray images. Subsequently, the loss and accuracy graphs are used to find the pipeline which performs the best in classification task. The findings in this research will open new possibilities in screening method for COVID-19.

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