scholarly journals Systematic Analysis of Wind Resources for Eolic Potential in Bangladesh

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (17) ◽  
pp. 7924
Author(s):  
Mariam Hussain ◽  
Seon Ki Park
Keyword(s):  
Statistical Power ◽  
Power Plants ◽  
Weather Forecast ◽  
Systematic Analysis ◽  
Medium Range Weather Forecast ◽  
Boundary Layer Height ◽  
Wind Speeds ◽  
Northern Regions ◽  
Linear Correlations ◽  
Wind Resources

Energy consumption in Bangladesh increased for economic, industrial, and digitalization growth. Reductions in conventional sources such as natural gas (54%) and coal (5.6%) are calls to enhance renewable resources. This paper aims to investigate the atmospheric variables for potential wind zones and develop a statistical power-forecasting model. The study-site is Bangladesh, focusing on eight divisions across two regions. First, the southern zone includes Dhaka (Capital), Chittagong, Barishal, and Khulna. The northern regions are Rajshahi, Rangpur, Mymensingh, and Sylhet. This investigation illustrates wind (m/s) speeds at various heights (m) and analyzes the boundary layer height (BLH) from the European Center for Medium Range Weather Forecast reanalysis 5th generation (ERA5). The data is from a period of 40 years from 1979 to 2018, assessing with a climatic base of 20 years (1979 to 2000). The climatological analysis comprises trends, time series, anomalies, and linear correlations. The results for the wind speed (BLH) indicate that the weakest (lower) and strongest (higher) regions are Sylhet and Barishal, respectively. Based on power-curve relationships, a simple power predictive model (SPPM) is developed using global wind atlas (GWA) data (sample: 1100) to estimate the power density (W/m2) and found an accuracy of 0.918 and 0.892 for Exponential (EXP) and Polynomial (PN) with mean absolute percentage errors (MAPE) of 22.92 and 21.8%, respectively. For validation, SPPM also forecasts power incorporating historical observations for Chittagong and obtains correlations of 0.970 and 0.974 for EXP and PN with a MAPE of 10.26 and 7.69% individually. Furthermore, calculations for annual energy production reveal an average megawattage of 1748 and 1070 in the southern and northern regions, with an MAPE of 15.71 and 5.85% for EXP and PN models, except Sylhet. The SPPM’s predictability can be improved with observed wind speeds and turbine types. The research wishes to apply SPPM for estimating energy in operational power plants.

scholarly journals A Comparison between One-Step and Two-Step Nesting Strategy in the Dynamical Downscaling of Regional Climate Model COSMO-CLM at 2.2 km Driven by ERA5 Reanalysis

Atmosphere ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (2) ◽  
pp. 260
Author(s):  
Mario Raffa ◽  
Alfredo Reder ◽  
Marianna Adinolfi ◽  
Paola Mercogliano
Keyword(s):  
Regional Climate Model ◽  
Climate Model ◽  
Dynamical Downscaling ◽  
Spatial Scales ◽  
Regional Climate ◽  
Weather Forecast ◽  
Medium Range Weather Forecast ◽  
Spatial And Temporal Scales ◽  
Starting Point ◽  
One Step

Recently, the European Centre for Medium Range Weather Forecast (ECMWF) has released a new generation of reanalysis, acknowledged as ERA5, representing at the present the most plausible picture for the current climate. Although ERA5 enhancements, in some cases, its coarse spatial resolution (~31 km) could still discourage a direct use of precipitation fields. Such a gap could be faced dynamically downscaling ERA5 at convection permitting scale (resolution < 4 km). On this regard, the selection of the most appropriate nesting strategy (direct one-step against nested two-step) represents a pivotal issue for saving time and computational resources. Two questions may be raised within this context: (i) may the dynamical downscaling of ERA5 accurately represents past precipitation patterns? and (ii) at what extent may the direct nesting strategy performances be adequately for this scope? This work addresses these questions evaluating two ERA5-driven experiments at ~2.2 km grid spacing over part of the central Europe, run using the regional climate model COSMO-CLM with different nesting strategies, for the period 2007–2011. Precipitation data are analysed at different temporal and spatial scales with respect to gridded observational datasets (i.e., E-OBS and RADKLIM-RW) and existing reanalysis products (i.e., ERA5-Land and UERRA). The present work demonstrates that the one-step experiment tendentially outperforms the two-step one when there is no spectral nudging, providing results at different spatial and temporal scales in line with the other existing reanalysis products. However, the results can be highly model and event dependent as some different aspects might need to be considered (i.e., the nesting strategies) during the configuration phase of the climate experiments. For this reason, a clear and consolidated recommendation on this topic cannot be stated. Such a level of confidence could be achieved in future works by increasing the number of cities and events analysed. Nevertheless, these promising results represent a starting point for the optimal experimental configuration assessment, in the frame of future climate studies.

scholarly journals Optimization of a Small Wind Power Plant for Annual Wind Speed Distribution

Energies ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (6) ◽  
pp. 1587
Author(s):  
Krzysztof Wrobel ◽  
Krzysztof Tomczewski ◽  
Artur Sliwinski ◽  
Andrzej Tomczewski
Keyword(s):  
Wind Speed ◽  
Power Plant ◽  
Wind Power ◽  
Power Plants ◽  
Control Method ◽  
Wind Power Plant ◽  
Switched Reluctance ◽  
Wind Speeds ◽  
Wind Speed Distribution ◽  
And Control

This article presents a method to adjust the elements of a small wind power plant to the wind speed characterized by the highest annual level of energy. Tests were carried out on the basis of annual wind distributions at three locations. The standard range of wind speeds was reduced to that resulting from the annual wind speed distributions in these locations. The construction of the generators and the method of their excitation were adapted to the characteristics of the turbines. The results obtained for the designed power plants were compared with those obtained for a power plant with a commercial turbine adapted to a wind speed of 10 mps. The generator structure and control method were optimized using a genetic algorithm in the MATLAB program (Mathworks, Natick, MA, USA); magnetostatic calculations were carried out using the FEMM program; the simulations were conducted using a proprietary simulation program. The simulation results were verified by measurement for a switched reluctance machine of the same voltage, power, and design. Finally, the yields of the designed generators in various locations were determined.

scholarly journals Detection and thermal description of medicanes from numerical simulation

2014 ◽  
Vol 14 (5) ◽  
pp. 1059-1070 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. A. Picornell ◽  
J. Campins ◽  
A. Jansà
Keyword(s):  
Numerical Simulation ◽  
Thermal Structure ◽  
Weather Prediction ◽  
Weather Forecast ◽  
Small Scale ◽  
Medium Range Weather Forecast ◽  
Warm Core ◽  
Strong Winds ◽  
Nwp Model ◽  
Ecmwf Model

Abstract. Tropical-like cyclones rarely affect the Mediterranean region but they can produce strong winds and heavy precipitations. These warm-core cyclones, called MEDICANES (MEDIterranean hurriCANES), are small in size, develop over the sea and are infrequent. For these reasons, the detection and forecast of medicanes are a difficult task and many efforts have been devoted to identify them. The goals of this work are to contribute to a proper description of these structures and to develop some criteria to identify medicanes from numerical weather prediction (NWP) model outputs. To do that, existing methodologies for detecting, characterizating and tracking cyclones have been adapted to small-scale intense cyclonic perturbations. First, a mesocyclone detection and tracking algorithm has been modified to select intense cyclones. Next, the parameters that define the Hart's cyclone phase diagram are tuned and calculated to examine their thermal structure. Four well-known medicane events have been described from numerical simulation outputs of the European Centre for Medium-Range Weather Forecast (ECMWF) model. The predicted cyclones and their evolution have been validated against available observational data and numerical analyses from the literature.

scholarly journals Two decades of in-situ temperature measurements in the upper troposphere and lowermost stratosphere from IAGOS long-term routine observation

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Florian Berkes ◽  
Patrick Neis ◽  
Martin G. Schultz ◽  
Ulrich Bundke ◽  
Susanne Rohs ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Weather Forecast ◽  
Global Scale ◽  
Temperature Trend ◽  
Data Set ◽  
Medium Range Weather Forecast ◽  
Upper Troposphere ◽  
Temperature Trends ◽  
Geographical Regions

Abstract. Despite several studies on temperature trends in the tropopause region, a comprehensive understanding of the evolution of temperatures in this climate-sensitive region of the atmosphere remains elusive. Here we present a unique global-scale, long-term data set of high-resolution in-situ temperature data measured aboard passenger aircraft within the European Research Infrastructure IAGOS (In-service Aircraft for a Global Observing System, www.iagos.org). This data set is used to investigate temperature trends within the global upper troposphere and lowermost stratosphere (UTLS) for the period 1995 to 2012 in different geographical regions and vertical layers of the UTLS. The largest amount of observations is available over the North Atlantic. Here, a neutral temperature trend is found within the lowermost stratosphere. This contradicts the temperature trend in the European Centre for Medium Range Weather Forecast (ECMWF) ERA-Interim reanalysis, where a significant (95 % confidence) temperature increase of +0.56 K/decade is obtained. Differences between trends derived from observations and reanalysis data can be traced back to changes in the temperature bias between observation and model data over the studied period. This study demonstrates the value of the IAGOS temperature observations as anchor point for the evaluation of reanalyses and its suitability for independent trend analyses.

scholarly journals Model of a Wind Turbine with Variable Blade Angle

2021 ◽  
Vol 25 (1) ◽  
pp. 41-48
Author(s):  
Stanisław Chudzik
Keyword(s):  
Optimal Control ◽  
Wind Turbine ◽  
Rotational Speed ◽  
Power Plants ◽  
Turbine Blades ◽  
Wind Farms ◽  
Blade Angle ◽  
Battery Cell ◽  
General Belief ◽  
Wind Speeds

The article presents the results of research into the operation of a model of a wind micropower plant with a variable blade angle. The research was carried out on a miniature model of a measuring stand built for the purpose of carrying out work on pre-developed projects of wind micro power plants. The stand allows to carry out measurements related to the selection of the optimal propeller geometry, as well as the development and testing of algorithms for optimal control of the micropower plant. The physical basics of wind turbine operation and the methods of its optimal control are presented. The results of the performed measurements for the selected propeller blade geometry with the possibility of changing its setting angle are presented. A DC generator with a load with a non-linear characteristic in the form of a Li-Po battery cell was used. The results of operation of a simple MPPT control algorithm are presented. The lack of optimal control systems for the operation of micropower plants is dictated by the general belief that the costs of its production are high in relation to the possible improvement of the efficiency of micropower plants. Moreover, the practical methods of controlling larger wind turbines are not optimal for small and very small turbines. The conducted research focused on determining the possibility of using turbines with variable blade angles depending on its rotational speed. In larger wind farms, changing the blade angle is mainly used to limit the power of the turbine at high wind speeds. In micro wind power plants such solutions are not used for economic reasons. However, the use of a simple mechanism for changing the angle of the blades depending on the rotational speed of the propeller can increase the efficiency of the turbine in a wider range of wind speeds. The small dimensions of the research model allow for quick and cheap development of preliminary prototypes of turbine blades thanks to the possibility of using 3D printing technology.

scholarly journals CFS Prediction of Winter Persistent Inversions in the Intermountain Region

2010 ◽  
Vol 25 (4) ◽  
pp. 1211-1218 ◽  
Author(s):  
Robert R. Gillies ◽  
Shih-Yu Wang ◽  
Jin-Ho Yoon ◽  
Scott Weaver
Keyword(s):  
Salt Lake ◽  
Salt Lake City ◽  
Intraseasonal Oscillation ◽  
Weather Forecast ◽  
The United States ◽  
Intermountain West ◽  
Medium Range Weather Forecast ◽  
Forecast Models ◽  
Lake City ◽  
Intermountain Region

Abstract A recent study by Gillies and others of persistent inversion events in the Intermountain West of the United States found a substantive linkage between the intraseasonal oscillation (ISO) and the development of persistent inversion events. Given that NCEP’s Climate Forecast System (CFS) has demonstrated skill in the prediction of the ISO as far out as 1 month, it was decided to examine the CFS forecast’s capability in the prediction of such winter persistent inversions. After initial analysis, a simple regression scheme is proposed that is coupled to the CFS output of geopotential height as a way to predict the occurrence of persistent inversion events for Salt Lake City, Utah. Analysis of the CFS hindcasts through the period 1981–2008 indicates that the regression coupled with the CFS can predict persistent inversion events with lead times of up to 4 weeks. The adoption of this coupled regression–CFS prediction may improve the forecasting of persistent inversion events in the Intermountain West, which is currently restricted to the more limited time span (∼10 days) of medium-range weather forecast models.

scholarly journals Impacts of some meteorological parameters on the SO2 concentrations in the city of Obrenovac, Serbia

2010 ◽  
Vol 75 (5) ◽  
pp. 703-715 ◽  
Author(s):  
Snezana Nenadovic ◽  
Ljiljana Matovic ◽  
Misko Milanovic ◽  
Sava Janicevic ◽  
Jasmina Grbovic-Novakovic ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Sulfur Dioxide ◽  
Power Plants ◽  
Meteorological Parameters ◽  
North West ◽  
Wind Speeds ◽  
The North ◽  
West Part ◽  
Measuring Site ◽  
The Impact ◽  
The City

In this paper, the impacts of some meteorological parameters on the SO2 concentrations in the City of Obrenovac are presented. The City of Obrenovac is located in the north-west part of Serbia on the banks of the River Sava. The observed source emission, the power plants TENT A and TENT B are situated on the bank of the Sava River in the vicinity of Obrenovac. During the period from January to November 2006, the concentrations of sulfur dioxide in the air at 4 monitoring sites in Obrenovac were measured. It was noticed that the maximal measured daily concentrations of sulfur dioxide ranged from 1 ?g/m3 (16th November, 2006) to 98 ?g/m3 (29th January 2006) and lie under the maximal allowed concentration value according to the Serbian Law on Environmental Protection. The measured sulfur dioxide concentrations mostly showed characteristics usual for a daily acidification sulfur dioxide cycle, excluding the specificities influenced by the measuring site itself. Sulfur dioxide transport was recorded at increased wind speeds, primarily from the southeast direction. Based on the impact of meteorological parameters on the sulfur dioxide concentration, a validation of the monitoring sites was also performed from the aspect of their representivity.

scholarly journals Climatology and Trend of Severe Drought Events in the State of Sao Paulo, Brazil, during the 20th Century

Atmosphere ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 10 (4) ◽  
pp. 190 ◽  
Author(s):  
Luiz Gozzo ◽  
Doris Palma ◽  
Maria Custodio ◽  
Jeferson Machado
Keyword(s):  
20Th Century ◽  
Linear Trend ◽  
Weather Forecast ◽  
Reanalysis Data ◽  
Sao Paulo ◽  
The State ◽  
Economic Consequences ◽  
Severe Drought ◽  
São Paulo ◽  
Medium Range Weather Forecast

Drought is a natural hazard with critical societal and economic consequences to millions of people around the world. In this paper, we present the climatology of severe drought events that occurred during the 20th century in the region of Sao Paulo, Brazil. To account for the effects of rainfall deficit and changes in temperature at a climatic timescale, we chose the Standardized Precipitation Evapotranspiration Index (SPEI) to identify severe droughts over the city of Sao Paulo, and the eastern and central-western regions of the state. Events were identified using weather station data and European Centre for Medium-Range Weather Forecast (ECMWF) reanalysis data, in order to assess the representation of drought periods in both datasets. Results show that the reanalysis seems suitable to represent the number of events and their mean duration, severity and intensity, but the timing and characteristics of individual events are not well reproduced. The correlation between observation and reanalysis SPEI time series is low to moderate in all cases. A linear trend analysis between 1901 and 2010 shows a tendency of increasing (decreasing) severe drought events in the central and western (eastern) Sao Paulo state, according to observational data. This is in agreement with previous findings, and the reanalysis presents this same signal. The weakened trend values in the reanalysis may be associated with issues in representing precipitation in this dataset.

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