scholarly journals Ectopic Eruption of the First Permanent Molar in the Maxilla: Cephalometric Features of 13 Pediatric Patients

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (17) ◽  
pp. 7869
Author(s):  
Daniela Di Venere ◽  
Alessandra Laforgia ◽  
Paola Lorusso ◽  
Saverio Capodiferro ◽  
Massimo Corsalini
Keyword(s):  
Retrospective Study ◽  
Pediatric Patients ◽  
Group Differences ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Study Group ◽  
Mandibular Angle ◽  
Permanent Molar ◽  
Ectopic Eruption

Ectopic eruption of the first permanent molar in the maxilla, generally characterized by the wrong axial positioning during eruption, is reported to occur in about 2–6% of children. Its incidence is surely under-estimated as it frequently remains undiagnosed and, additionally, becomes irreversible, resulting in posterior crowding in such cases. This retrospective study aims to investigate the cephalometric features of patients affected by ectopic eruption of the maxillary first molar in comparison to a control group of patients. From a total of 1935 subjects, 13 patients were enrolled in the study group, while 26 patients were randomly selected as a control group. Lateral cephalometric teleradiographs obtained at the time of diagnosis were used to measure cephalometric values between study patients and controls. The prevalence of ectopic eruption of the first maxillary permanent molar in our patients was 1.14%. The mandibular angle (SN-GoMe) was found to be significantly greater in the study group than in control. The same statistical trend was observed for the inter-maxillary angle (SnaSnp-GoMe); also, the distance Sna-Me was greater in the study group. Differences between groups were statistically significant for the following distances: Snp-Sna, Ba-S and SOR-Sna, which were found to be, overall, greater in the study group. Ectopic eruption of the first permanent molar in the maxilla seems to be associated with morphogenetic characteristics of patients, mainly with a dolichocephalic pattern.

scholarly journals Radiological Parameters Review for Choanal Atresia

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (2) ◽  
pp. 302-311
Author(s):  
Daniela Messineo ◽  
Maryia Chernikava ◽  
Valeria Pasquali ◽  
Serena Bertin ◽  
Mario Ciotti ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Retrospective Study ◽  
High Resolution ◽  
Surgical Approach ◽  
Choanal Atresia ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Study Group ◽  
Control Groups ◽  
Imaging Parameters ◽  
Multiplanar Imaging

(1) Background: The study aims to identify which imaging parameters are necessary for a new correct surgical approach in the study of choanal atresia, and which anatomical findings are essential for correct planning of endoscopic treatment in choanal atresia. (2) Methods: In this retrospective study, 19 patients with choanal atresia had high-resolution multiplanar imaging (14 cases aged ≤1 year and 5 cases aged 1 to 3 years) and 35 patients in the control group similarly distributed by age. Fourteen variables, the most relevant from a surgical point of view, were selected and measured. A comparison was made between the averages of the study group and the different control groups, either directly observed or selected from the literature, using Pearson’s correlation. (3) Results: In 14 out of 26 cases, the differences were statistically significant. There was a correlation between the structures assessed, such as choanal height, rostrum height, and age. (4) Conclusions: Thanks to volumetric reformatting, this work identified and provided the clinician with useful information that helped choose the correct surgical approach. Furthermore, it focused on which imaging parameters are necessary to improve the planning of the surgical correction of choanal atresia.

scholarly journals Sonographic Signs of Adenomyosis in Women with Endometriosis Are Associated with Infertility

2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (11) ◽  
pp. 2355
Author(s):  
Dean Decter ◽  
Nissim Arbib ◽  
Hila Markovitz ◽  
Daniel S. Seidman ◽  
Vered H. Eisenberg
Keyword(s):  
Laparoscopic Surgery ◽  
Retrospective Study ◽  
Statistical Analysis ◽  
Conservative Management ◽  
Transvaginal Ultrasound ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Study Group ◽  
Control Groups ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
And Control

We compared the prevalence of ultrasound signs of adenomyosis in women with endometriosis who underwent surgery to those who were managed conservatively. This was a retrospective study of women evaluated at a tertiary endometriosis referral center who underwent 2D/3D transvaginal ultrasound. Adenomyosis diagnosis was based on the presence of at least three sonographic signs. The study group subsequently underwent laparoscopic surgery while the control group continued conservative management. Statistical analysis compared the two groups for demographics, symptoms, clinical data, and sonographic findings. The study and control groups included 244 and 158 women, respectively. The presence of any, 3+, or 5+ sonographic signs of adenomyosis was significantly more prevalent in the study group (OR = 1.93–2.7, p < 0.004, 95% CI; 1.24–4.09). After controlling for age, for all findings but linear striations, the OR for having a specific feature was higher in the study group. Women in the study group with ≥ 5 sonographic signs of adenomyosis had more than twice the risk of experiencing infertility (OR = 2.31, p = 0.012, 95% CI; 1.20–4.45). Sonographic signs of adenomyosis are more prevalent in women with symptomatic endometriosis who underwent surgery compared with those who continued conservative management. Women with 5+ findings have a significantly increased risk of infertility. Adenomyosis on ultrasound should be considered in the management decisions regarding these patients.

Does Hydrogen Peroxide Mouthwash Improve the Outcome of Secondary Post-Tonsillectomy Bleed? A 10-year Review

2005 ◽  
Vol 133 (2) ◽  
pp. 202-205 ◽  
Author(s):  
Irumee Pai ◽  
Stephen Lo ◽  
Satsuki Brown ◽  
Abbad G. Toma
Keyword(s):  
Hydrogen Peroxide ◽  
Retrospective Study ◽  
Study Design ◽  
Broad Spectrum ◽  
Pediatric Patients ◽  
Surgical Intervention ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Intravenous Antibiotics ◽  
The Common

Objective: To determine whether hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) mouthwash influences the outcome of secondary post-tonsillectomy hemorrhage in children. Study Design: Ten-year retrospective study of all children with secondary post-tonsillectomy hemorrhage. Setting: Tertiary otolaryngology center. Results: Of the 156 patients, 59 received H2O2 and 97 did not. All patients received broad-spectrum intravenous antibiotics. The average rehospitalization duration due to hemorrhage was 1.7 days (H2O2 group) and 1.6 days (control group). In the H2O2 group, 8.5% required surgery, compared with 10.3% in the control group. Further hemorrhage episodes requiring readmission occurred in 3.4% of the H2O2 group and 3.1% of controls. There was no difference between the 2 groups in rehospitalization duration ( P = 0.49), rate of surgical intervention ( P = 0.85), and rate of readmission with further hemorrhage ( P = 0.92). Conclusion: Hydrogen peroxide mouthwash does not improve the outcome of secondary post-tonsillectomy hemorrhage in pediatric patients. Significance: This study does not support the common practice of treating post-tonsillectomy hemorrhage with H2O2.

scholarly journals The significance of polymorphisms of gene coagulation factors VII and XIII in the pathogenesis of non-traumatic avascular necrosis of the femoral head

2021 ◽  
Vol 27 (1) ◽  
pp. 43-47
Author(s):  
M.A. Panin ◽  
◽  
N.V Zagorodnii ◽  
A.V. Boiko ◽  
L.M. Samokhodskaya ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Femoral Head ◽  
Avascular Necrosis ◽  
Coagulation Factors ◽  
Group Differences ◽  
Unknown Etiology ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Study Group ◽  
Control Groups ◽  
Aseptic Necrosis ◽  
And Control

Introduction Non-traumatic avascular necrosis of the femoral head (ANFH) is a poly-etiologic and socially significant disease in the age of 20 to 50 years and is associated with disability. Research on the identification of necrosis causes/predictors is a relevant issue. Purpose To study the contribution of polymorphisms in the genes of coagulation factors F7 and F13 in the aetiology of non-traumatic avascular necrosis of the femoral head. Methods Polymorphisms of the genes of coagulation factors F7 and F13 were studied; comparative analysis of the frequency of important allelic variants of F7genes (Arg353Gln) and F13 (Val134Leu) in patients with a verified diagnosis of aseptic necrosis (study group) and in healthy patients (control group) was performed. The study group included 41 patients (all males) with aseptic necrosis of the femoral head of unknown etiology. Results The frequency of gene alleles in the F7 Arg353Gln in the study group were: GG in 30 out of 41 patients (73.2 %), GA in 11 out of 41 patients (26.8 %), and none of 41 patients had a polymorphic variant AA. The frequency of alleles of this type of gene in the control group was as follows: GG in 7 out of 320 subjects (2.2 %), GA in 66 out of 320 patients (20.6 %), AA in 247 out of 320 (77.2 %). Significant differences were identified in the frequencies of homozygous genotypes, AA (χ2 = 100.215, p < 0.001) and GG (χ2 = 205.770, p < 0.001) in the study and control groups respectively. As for the heterozygous GA genotype, the differences were not significant (χ2 = 0.834, p = 0.362). The GG genotype of the gene Val134Leu F13 WAS 2.8 times more frequent in patients of the study group, differences were statistically significant (26.8 % against 9.7 %, χ2 = 10.388; p = 0.002). The presence of the TT genotype of the gene Val134Leu F13 was almost five times more frequent (χ2 = 18.956, p < 0.001) in healthy individuals (control group). Differences in the frequency of allele T in homo/ and heterozygous combinations (TT and GT) in the study and control groups was also significant (72.7 % vs 90.1 %, respectively, χ2 = 4.946, p = 0.027). Discussion Polymorphisms of coagulation factors genes F7 and F13 have a significant effect on the genesis of non-traumatic avascular necrosis of the femoral head. Risk factor of ANFH development is homozygous GG genotype in the gene Arg353Gln F7. Low probability of the disease is due to a protective role of AA genotype of the gene Arg353Gln F7 and TT genotype of the gene Val134Leu F13.

scholarly journals Emergence delirium and intranasal dexmedetomidine premedication in pediatric anesthesia: a retrospective study in plastic surgery

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alessandra Di Palma ◽  
Federica Maldarelli ◽  
Antonietta Cimino ◽  
Mario Zama ◽  
Sergio Giuseppe Picardo
Keyword(s):  
Retrospective Study ◽  
Plastic Surgery ◽  
Lower Incidence ◽  
Pediatric Patients ◽  
Pediatric Anesthesia ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Emergence Delirium ◽  
Different Ages ◽  
Combined Anesthesia ◽  
And Control

Abstract Background Dexmedetomidine is widely used in the treatment of emergency delirium (ED) in pediatric patients. However, further evidence on its use in pediatric anesthesia on potential differences in the reduction of ED according to patient’s age and type of anesthesia is required. Moreover, whether dexmedetomidine influences time of discharge from the surgical area remains unclear. We evaluated whether intranasal dexmedetomidine is effective in decreasing the incidence of ED in 106 children who had anesthesia for plastic surgery undergoing general or combined anesthesia at different ages. We also assessed if this drug has an impact on time to discharge from the surgical area. Methods In total, 106 children, aged 2–10 years, were enrolled in this retrospective study. Among them, 50 have been premedicated with dexmedetomidine (dexmedetomidine group); the remaining 56 patients served as controls (control group). The incidence of ED was evaluated according to the use of dexmedetomidine premedication, age and type of anesthesia (general vs combined). The length of anesthesia and duration of staying in the surgical area were also analyzed. Results Three patients who received dexmedetomidine premedication showed ED (6%), compared with 43 patients in the control group (77%; p<0.05). This lower incidence of ED was also present when stratifying patients according to the type of anesthesia or age. No difference between the dexmedetomidine group and control group were reported in timing of discharge from surgical area.Conclusions Premedication with dexmedetomidine is associated with decreased incidence of ED without increasing timing of discharge after surgery, regardless of patients’ age or type of anesthesia. In particular, patients subjected to combined anesthesia report benefit from the use of this molecule.

scholarly journals Tooth abnormalities in pediatric patients submitted to antineoplastic treatment for central nervous system neoplasms

2016 ◽  
Vol 19 (3) ◽  
pp. 39
Author(s):  
Ornella Florio Demasi ◽  
Marcelo Fava ◽  
Camila Merida Carrillo ◽  
Terezinha Garrett de Freitas Sampaio Amaral ◽  
Vicente Odone Filho
Keyword(s):  
Central Nervous System ◽  
Nervous System ◽  
Pediatric Patients ◽  
Statistical Significance ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Study Group ◽  
Central Nervous System Neoplasms ◽  
Tooth Abnormalities ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Nervous System Neoplasms

<strong>Objective</strong>: The aim of this study was to evaluate the frequency of tooth abnormalities in pediatric patients treated for central nervous system neoplasms. <strong>Material and methods: </strong>This cross-sectional study assessed thirty-one patients, median age 14.2 years (range 5 - 25), who were off therapy for at least one year, comparatively with a control group of thirty-one healthy patients matched for age with the study group. Tooth abnormalities were evaluated by panoramic radiographs. <strong>Results: </strong>There was no statistical significant evidence that patients of the study group (age range 5 - 25 years) have more frequency of tooth abnormalities comparatively with controls.   However, in children who were diagnosed before 5 years of age, microdontia was the most common abnormality with statistically significant difference (<em>P=</em>0.037). Root shortening grade III was observed in patients over 10 years of age at the time of radiographic examination, also with statistical significance (<em>P=</em>0.046). <strong>Conclusions: </strong>Tooth abnormalities frequency in patients treated for central nervous system neoplasms is directly related to the age of diagnosis and stage of odontogenesis. Microdontia and reduced root surface areas, the most common abnormalities observed, can lead to future oral health impairment due to malocclusion and less periodontal support. It is important to give parents and patients early orientation about maintenance of good oral hygiene and proper treatment by orthodontics or dentofacial orthopedics.

scholarly journals Effects of remote digital monitoring on oral hygiene of orthodontic patients: a prospective study

2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Linda Sangalli ◽  
Fabio Savoldi ◽  
Domenico Dalessandri ◽  
Stefano Bonetti ◽  
Min Gu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Oral Hygiene ◽  
Orthodontic Treatment ◽  
Group Differences ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Study Group ◽  
Remote Monitoring System ◽  
Carious Lesions ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Digital Monitoring ◽  
Plaque Control

Abstract Background Remote digital monitoring during orthodontic treatment can help patients in improving their oral hygiene performance and reducing the number of appointments due to emergency reasons, especially in time of COVID-19 pandemic where non-urgent appointments might be discouraged. Methods Thirty patients scheduled to start an orthodontic treatment were divided into two groups of fifteen. Compared to controls, study group patients were provided with scan box and cheek retractor (Dental Monitoring®) and were instructed to take monthly intra-oral scans. Plaque Index (PI), Gingival Index (GI), and White Spot Lesions (WSL) were recorded for both groups at baseline (t0), every month for the first 3 months (t1, t2, t3), and at 6 months (t4). Carious Lesions Onset (CLO) and Emergency Appointments (EA) were also recorded during the observation period. Inter-group differences were assessed with Student's t test and Chi-square test, intra-group differences were assessed with Cochran’s Q-test (significance α = 0.05). Results Study group patients showed a significant improvement in plaque control at t3 (p = 0.010) and t4 (p = 0.039), compared to control group. No significant difference was observed in the number of WSL between the two groups. No cavities were detected in the study group, while five CLO were diagnosed in the control group (p = 0.049). A decreased number of EA was observed in the study group, but the difference was not significant. Conclusions Integration of a remote monitoring system during orthodontic treatment was effective in improving plaque control and reducing carious lesions onset. The present findings encourage orthodontists to consider this technology to help maintaining optimal oral health of patients, especially in times of health emergency crisis.

scholarly journals TROMBOCYTOSIS FOLLOWING SPLENECTOMY IN PEDIATRIC PATIENTS

2016 ◽  
Vol 65 (2) ◽  
pp. 166-169
Author(s):  
Andreea Ligia Dinca ◽  
◽  
Cristina Oana Marginean ◽  
Despina Baghiu ◽  
Alina Grama ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Platelet Count ◽  
Retrospective Study ◽  
Pediatric Patients ◽  
Severe Form ◽  
Study Group ◽  
Inclusion Criteria ◽  
Mild Form ◽  
Reactive Thrombocytosis ◽  
Thrombotic Complications ◽  
Post Traumatic

Thrombocytosis represents a platelet count over 500.000/mm³. Objective. The aim of this study is to evaluate the frequency and gravity of reactive thrombocytosis in pediatric patients who underwent splenectomy. Material and method. We performed a retrospective study including 20 patients (4-16 years old) who underwent splenectomy between 2006-2015. The inclusion criteria in the study were: patients with the age under 18 years, who underwent splenectomy independently by the cause, and who developed afterwards thrombocytosis. Results. In the studied group 64% of the splenectomised patients (16) developed a form of thrombocytosis. In 4 cases – severe form (Platelets > 1 million/mm3) and in 7 cases a mild form. There were not noticed any significant differences regarding the gender repartition of the patients (9 were females, and 11 were males). In 13 patients, thrombocytosis disappeared after 30 days, and only in 3 cases, the episode lasted more than 360 days. Thrombotic phenomena were noticed only in one patient from our study group. All the patients benefited from thromboprophylaxis and hydration measures, and 2 cases needed associated treatment with Hydroxyurea. Conclusions. Our study reveals an increased frequency of thrombocytosis after splenectomy (80%), with a maximum peak of incidence in 2-10 days following the intervention, thrombocytosis being generally benign and self-limited; still one of the cases experienced thrombotic complications and severe thrombocytosis was more frequent after post-traumatic splenectomy.

Assaultiveness Among Institutionalised Adults with Mental Retardation

1994 ◽  
Vol 164 (1) ◽  
pp. 62-68 ◽  
Author(s):  
Olav M. Linaker
Keyword(s):  
Mental Retardation ◽  
Psychotropic Drugs ◽  
Total Population ◽  
Moderate Level ◽  
Group Differences ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Study Group ◽  
Problem Behaviour ◽  
Personal Skills

In an institution, 57 people with mental retardation who had shown assaultive behaviour during the last year were compared with a control group of 57 people in the same institution, matched by sex, level of retardation and age. The study group were younger and had more people with a moderate level of mental retardation than the total population of the institution. Compared with the controls, the assaultive group had more resources available, had more psychopathology, consumed more psychotropic drugs, and had a higher frequency of other problem behaviour. We found no group differences in personal skills, including communication. Generally, the observed covariates of assaultive behaviour resembled that seen in other populations with assaultive behaviour.

Role of Ischemia Modified Albumin Serum Levels as an Oxidative Stress Marker in Children with Diabetic Ketoacidosis

2019 ◽  
Vol 22 (8) ◽  
pp. 577-581
Author(s):  
Mutlu U. Yazıcı ◽  
Ganime Ayar ◽  
Senay Savas-Erdeve ◽  
Ebru Azapağası ◽  
Salim Neşelioğlu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Intensive Care Unit ◽  
Intensive Care ◽  
Diabetic Ketoacidosis ◽  
Pediatric Patients ◽  
Serum Levels ◽  
Oxidative Stress Marker ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Study Group ◽  
Ischemia Modified Albumin

Aim and Objective: Ischemia modified albumin (IMA) is a biomarker that has been introduced recently for use in the evaluation of oxidative stress. The aim of this study was to measure the ischemia modified albumin serum levels in pediatric patients with diabetic ketoacidosis (DKA) during acidosis and after the patient recovered from acidosis and to compare these with the control group. Materials and Methods: Pediatric patients with Type I diabetes mellitus (T1DM) who were admitted to the pediatric intensive care unit with the diabetic ketoacidosis were assigned as the study group and healthy children who were admitted to the outpatient clinic and decided as healthy after clinic and laboratory evaluation were selected as the control group. IMA and adjusted IMA levels were evaluated in the blood samples from the control group and the study group when admitted first time to the intensive care unit during the acidosis period (DKA before treatment, DKA-BT), and after recovering from acidosis (DKA after treatment, DKA-AT). Results: A total of 24 pediatric patients with diabetic ketoacidosis and 30 healthy control children matching age and sex were included in the current study. The albumin levels in pediatric patients with T1DM during DKA-BT were higher than the albumin levels after acidosis (4.101±0.373, 3.854±0.369 g/dL, respectively) (p<0.05). However, there was no significant difference when these values were compared to the control group. Mean values of IMA and Adj-IMA were statistically higher in DKAAT compared to the control group (0.748±0.150 vs 0.591±0.099, p< 0.001; 0.708±0.125 vs 0.607±0.824, p< 0.001, respectively). IMA and adjusted IMA levels measured after recovered from acidosis were significantly higher compared to the level of IMA during DKA (0.748±0.150 vs 0.606±0.105 as absorbance unit, p<0.001; 0.708±0.125 vs 0.625±0.100, p<0.05, respectively). Conclusion: In children with T1DM, even though acidosis recovered following the treatment in diabetic ketoacidosis, which is an oxidative stress marker, the ischemia modified albumin levels and adjusted ischemia modified albumin levels were high.

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