scholarly journals Assessment of Tire Features for Modeling Vehicle Stability in Case of Vertical Road Excitation

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (14) ◽  
pp. 6608
Author(s):  
Vaidas Lukoševičius ◽  
Rolandas Makaras ◽  
Andrius Dargužis
Keyword(s):  
Traffic Safety ◽  
Road Transport ◽  
Vehicle Stability ◽  
The Road ◽  
Directional Stability ◽  
Road Pavement ◽  
Road Excitation ◽  
On The Road ◽  
Materials Used ◽  
The Impact

Two trends could be observed in the evolution of road transport. First, with the traffic becoming increasingly intensive, the motor road infrastructure is developed; more advanced, greater quality, and more durable materials are used; and pavement laying and repair techniques are improved continuously. The continued growth in the number of vehicles on the road is accompanied by the ongoing improvement of the vehicle design with the view towards greater vehicle controllability as the key traffic safety factor. The change has covered a series of vehicle systems. The tire structure and materials used are subject to continuous improvements in order to provide the maximum possible grip with the road pavement. New solutions in the improvement of the suspension and driving systems are explored. Nonetheless, inevitable controversies have been encountered, primarily, in the efforts to combine riding comfort and vehicle controllability. Practice shows that these systems perform to a satisfactory degree only on good quality roads, as they have been designed specifically for the latter. This could be the cause of the more complicated car control and accidents on the lower-quality roads. Road ruts and local unevenness that impair car stability and traffic safety are not avoided even on the trunk roads. In this work, we investigated the conditions for directional stability, the influence of road and vehicle parameters on the directional stability of the vehicle, and developed recommendations for the road and vehicle control systems to combine to ensure traffic safety. We have developed a refined dynamic model of vehicle stability that evaluates the influence of tire tread and suspensions. The obtained results allow a more accurate assessment of the impact of the road roughness and vehicle suspension and body movements on vehicle stability and the development of recommendations for the safe movement down the road of known characteristics.

scholarly journals Analysis of the advancements in real-life performance of highly automated vehicles' with regard to the road traffic safety

2018 ◽  
Vol 231 ◽  
pp. 05003 ◽  
Author(s):  
Arkadiusz Matysiak ◽  
Paula Razin
Keyword(s):  
Traffic Safety ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Road Traffic ◽  
Real Life ◽  
Automated Vehicles ◽  
Automated Driving ◽  
The Road ◽  
Road Traffic Safety ◽  
On The Road ◽  
The Impact

The article presents the analysis of the performance of the vehicles equipped with automated driving systems (ADS) which were tested in real-life road conditions from 2015 to 2017 in the state of California. It aims at the effort to assess the impact on the road safety the continuous technological advancements in driving automation might have, based on of the first large-scale, real-life test deployments. Vehicle manufacturers and other stakeholders testing the highly automated vehicles in California are obliged to issue yearly reports which provide an insight on the test scale as well as the technology maturity. The so-called 'disengagement reports' highlight the range and number of control takeovers between the ADS and driver, which are made either based on driver's decision or information provided by the vehicle itself. The analysis of these reports allowed to investigate the development made in automated driving technology throughout the years of tests, as well as the direct or indirect influence of the external factors (e.g. various weather conditions) on the ADS performance. The results show that there is still a significant gap in reliability and safety between human drivers and highly automated vehicles which has been yet steadily decreasing due to technology advancements made while driving in the specific infrastructure and traffic conditions of California.

Mechanical performance in field conditions of treated and stabilized granular materials used in unpaved roads: a longitudinal study

2014 ◽  
Vol 41 (2) ◽  
pp. 97-105
Author(s):  
L. Beaulieu ◽  
R. Pleau ◽  
P. Pierre ◽  
P. Poulin ◽  
S. Juneau
Keyword(s):  
Granular Material ◽  
Mechanical Performance ◽  
Field Tests ◽  
Field Conditions ◽  
The Road ◽  
On The Road ◽  
Materials Used ◽  
Falling Weight ◽  
Road Following ◽  
The Impact

The main objective of this article is to propose a methodology to evaluate and to study the mechanical performance of various hygroscopic, organic and synthetic dust suppressants and stabilization agents through field tests. Different road sections were treated for several years and many tests have been conducted. The impact on the mechanical performance of the treated granular material has been studied under field conditions by evaluating the deterioration of the road following the spreading of the product on the road. Field tests were conducted over three years in summers 2007, 2008, and 2009. The deterioration of the road is evaluated in terms of improper cross section, inadequate roadside drainage, corrugations, dust, potholes, ruts, and loose aggregates. To evaluate the influence of stabilization agents on the bearing capacity of the granular material on the road, falling weight deflectometer (FWD) tests have also been performed.

scholarly journals Innovation of Sustainable and Greener Raised Median or Road Divider on Expressway

2020 ◽  
Vol 11 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Kamarudin Ambak ◽  
◽  
Norfatehah Abdul Rahim ◽  
Naida Rosli ◽  
◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Road Accident ◽  
Maintenance Cost ◽  
Sieve Analysis ◽  
River Sand ◽  
The Road ◽  
Good Grade ◽  
Sustainable Materials ◽  
On The Road ◽  
Materials Used ◽  
The Impact

This study purposes a new innovation design for the construction of road divider that more sustainable and greener which is eco-friendly. It was conducted to modify the material used on the road divider, so that the suitability of the material can reduce the impact of the vehicle during road accident. Objective of this study is to test and design greener sustainable materials as a road median component. Besides, the study is to determine the suitability and characteristics of materials for road median. Materials used in this study are gunny sacks filled with sand, laterite soil, soft turfing (cow and pearl grass) and used tire as a cushion effect. Based on experiment testing, sieve analysis result showed that river sand is a good grade sand and suitable for road median. While, direct shear test showed sand and soil used for this study are suitable because there have a high shear strength. For grass observation, cow grass is suitable compare pearl grass in term of growth rate, maintenance cost, durability on sunlight exposure and weather in Malaysia. The load applied for conducting impact test on the sand sack were 14.08N 25.6N 44.8N. The initial damage occurred when a force reaches at 44.8N. However, the condition of the arrangement of sand sack is still stable. In conclusion, this new innovation of green and sustainable road divider has high potential in absorbing the impact of accidents.

scholarly journals A stress-strain state analysis of the road transport works foundations on seasonally freezing soils

2020 ◽  
Vol 7 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
Anatoliy Permikin ◽  
Igor Ovchinnikov ◽  
Anastasiya Gricuk
Keyword(s):  
Traffic Safety ◽  
Road Transport ◽  
Transport Infrastructure ◽  
Fine Aggregate ◽  
Negative Consequences ◽  
Soil Thickness ◽  
The Road ◽  
Operational Characteristics ◽  
On The Road ◽  
Frost Boil

This article discusses the road transport works foundations when they are located in the seasonally freezing soils zone. Some culvert aqueduct utilized structures were considered and analyzed as an example, in the scope of most common structures on the road network and that also has an insignificant weight. Some constructive solutions disadvantages of these pipes were pointed out. It is noted that the operational characteristics of nonfrost-susceptible soil decrease in the watercourse filtering process and settling small particles and reported the dependence of the relative soil frost boil on the fine aggregate percentage. As an example of the frost boil forces influence, a typical culvert aqueduct design is considered. The calculation of axial and tangential heaving forces that affect the crown of tube is performed, assuming that the bedding soil is contaminated. Based on the calculation, rise calculated value dependence graphs of the unstressed base on the soil dampness and the heaving soil thickness, and the heaving pressure on the soil dampness are presented here. Due to the insufficient value of the forces holding back against lifting, possible negative consequences of the frost boil impact forces are presented, this affects not only the culvert aqueduct operational characteristics but also the roadbed smoothness and traffic safety. Thus, the need for additional measures to prevent soil swelling under the pipe head is justified. Recommended measures to prevent excessive deformations during frost boil, as well as modern aspects of the development of such technologies, are considered. Conclusions are made about their applicability and feasibility in relation to small artificial structures of transport infrastructure.

scholarly journals Road Traffic Safety Analysis Of Different Junction Types On The State Roads

2021 ◽  
Vol 1202 (1) ◽  
pp. 012034
Author(s):  
Valentina Amare ◽  
Juris Smirnovs
Keyword(s):  
Traffic Safety ◽  
Road Network ◽  
Traffic Accidents ◽  
Road Traffic ◽  
Road Accidents ◽  
The Road ◽  
Road Traffic Safety ◽  
Road Capacity ◽  
On The Road ◽  
The Impact

Abstract The highest number of road accidents occurs at junctions. One of the aims of traffic organisation is to improve traffic safety in these areas. Based on a variety of indices – road capacity, points of conflict, number, and severity of road traffic accidents – different alternatives for junctions are evaluated. However, the road network has many junctions and roads serve to travel from point "A" to point "B" at a given time. Therefore, one of the most important tasks when addressing the issue of road safety is to find a rational way of improving the safety without losing the importance of the road. The aim of this paper is to analyse the impact of different junctions on the road network and basing on actual data develop a method for the evaluation of different types of junctions with respect to road class.

scholarly journals The equipment for determining the impact of traffic environment on road pavement

2019 ◽  
Vol 13 (2) ◽  
pp. 149-153
Author(s):  
Iryna Solonenko
Keyword(s):  
Sample Type ◽  
The Road ◽  
Road Pavement ◽  
Operational Characteristics ◽  
Traffic Environment ◽  
Equipment Type ◽  
Element Number ◽  
On The Road ◽  
The Impact

The article presents the classification of equipment developed by the author for the research of the operational characteristics of road pavement. The equipment was classified according to the following criteria: type of equipment; type of contact element; mode of interaction with the supporting surface; type of fixture of the suspension element; number of contact elements; sample type; type of load. For illustrations, the classification of the most common equipment was carried out. The research was conducted to compare and select the most rational equipment to study the effect of traffic environment on the road pavement. The research was carried out by the multi-criteria analysis. Based on the conducted research, the most rational installations for conducting experiments were determined.

scholarly journals Impact of the Application of Grinding and Grooving of a Concrete Road Pavement on Noise Level in the Environment

2021 ◽  
Vol 1203 (3) ◽  
pp. 032106
Author(s):  
Artur Nowoświat ◽  
Rafał Żuchowski ◽  
Michał Bukała
Keyword(s):  
Noise Level ◽  
Traffic Noise ◽  
The Road ◽  
Road Pavement ◽  
Road Section ◽  
Close Proximity ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Reduction Methods ◽  
On The Road ◽  
The Impact

Abstract A growing number of cars and trucks moving around on our roads contributes to the rise of noise level to which people in their immediate vicinity are exposed. The regulations in force impose on road managers the obligation to limit road noise to the permissible level in compliance with the applicable regulations. The obligation to ensure protection against traffic noise applies equally to newly designed roads and to the existing ones which are being extended or modernized. This type of noise is generated principally by the interaction between tires and road pavement. Therefore, the design and construction of quiet pavements plays a very important role in reducing environmental noise and may in some cases be an alternative to other noise reduction methods. The article undertakes the task of assessing the impact of grinding technology and grooving technology of the existing concrete pavement on the reduction of noise propagation in the environment. The article involves the tests of road pavement made of cement concrete. The tests were carried out on the road section before and after the above-mentioned works, using the method similar to Close Proximity Method (CPX) and the noise measurement method at road edge at a distance of 10.0 m and height of 4.0 m. The obtained results were illustrated with a noise range map for the modified and standard road pavements.

scholarly journals MAINTENANCE COSTS OF ROAD PAVEMENT AND MOTOR VEHICLES ON THE ROUTE VILNIUS – KAUNAS – KLAIPEDA

Transport ◽  
2006 ◽  
Vol 21 (2) ◽  
pp. 131-134 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dainius Miškinis ◽  
Vytautas Lingaitis
Keyword(s):  
Motor Vehicles ◽  
Maintenance Costs ◽  
The Road ◽  
Road Pavement ◽  
Pavement Deterioration ◽  
Axle Loads ◽  
On The Road ◽  
The Impact

The article describes the impact of axle loads of vehicles on the road pavement. Pavement deterioration intensity and the charge imposed on vehicles the axle load of which exceeds the set norm are analyzed on the road under investigation according to the results of weighing axle loads of vehicles as well as appropriate calculation methodologies. The work presents regressive equations according to which maintenance costs of vehicles can be predicted taking the condition of pavement into consideration.

scholarly journals Technical and Technological Innovations and Quality in Road transport of Goods - Selected Aspects

2019 ◽  
Vol 83 ◽  
pp. 51-62
Author(s):  
Małgorzata Kędzior-Laskowska
Keyword(s):  
Road Transport ◽  
Transport Systems ◽  
Quality Of Services ◽  
Technological Innovations ◽  
Intelligent Transport ◽  
The Road ◽  
Transport Services ◽  
On The Road ◽  
The Impact

The article presents the results of research regarding the impact of technical and technological innovations on the quality of services in road transport of goods. The study was conducted using a structured questionnaire survey on a sample of134 road transport companies. Respondents were managers and business owners. 7 factors, which potentially determined the quality of services, were assessed by the respondents. The data analysis used the arithmetic mean and the dominant, which formed the basis for determining the importance of a given factor for the quality of services. The variability analysis provided information about the variation of the sample. The results of the research proved the influence of innovation on quality. The highest-ranked factors supporting the quality ofroad transport services were intelligent transport systems, the ability to minform the customer about the actual location of the shipment (delivery time) and systems supporting the work of a professional driver. The article also identified selected innovations and attempts were made to determine their importance in the development of the quality of services and the effects of their functioning on the road transport system.

scholarly journals Adhesion of car tires to the road surface during reconstruction of road accidents

2020 ◽  
Vol 164 ◽  
pp. 03022
Author(s):  
Stanislav Evtukov ◽  
Egor Golov
Keyword(s):  
Road Traffic ◽  
Field Research ◽  
Weather Conditions ◽  
Road Transport ◽  
Road Surface ◽  
Road Accidents ◽  
The Road ◽  
Use Values ◽  
On The Road ◽  
The Impact

Road and weather conditions have a significant impact on the occurrence of road accidents and their development as events. According to these circumstances, the system “Driver – Car – Road – Environment” identifies certain types of expertise that are engaged in determining the presence and magnitude of the parameters of the road environment that affect the development of the road transport situation. When conducting relevant investigations, the experts calculate the speed and length of the stopping distance of the vehicle, using coefficients that determine the impact of road conditions on the road traffic situation under study. One of these important indicators is the coefficient of adhesion of car tires to the road surface. Due to the lack of technical capability to experimentally determine the coefficient of adhesion at the place of an accident, many experts are forced to use values from the reference literature. This study is devoted to checking the agreement of reference values of this indicator with actual values that correspond to the conditions of driving on Russian roads. To solve this problem, full-scale measurements were made of the coefficient of adhesion of tires with a coating on more than 2000 km of roads in different regions of Russia (with different climatic and topographic conditions) and the results of field research were analyzed.

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