scholarly journals An Artificial Intelligence Solution for Predicting Short-Term Degradation Behaviors of Proton Exchange Membrane Fuel Cell

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (14) ◽  
pp. 6348
Author(s):  
Zijun Yang ◽  
Bowen Wang ◽  
Xia Sheng ◽  
Yupeng Wang ◽  
Qiang Ren ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fuel Cell ◽  
Proton Exchange Membrane ◽  
Pem Fuel Cell ◽  
Activation Function ◽  
Proton Exchange ◽  
Cell Performance ◽  
Short Term ◽  
Degradation Behaviors ◽  
Hidden Layer ◽  
Exchange Membrane

The dead-ended anode (DEA) and anode recirculation operations are commonly used to improve the hydrogen utilization of automotive proton exchange membrane (PEM) fuel cells. The cell performance will decline over time due to the nitrogen crossover and liquid water accumulation in the anode. Highly efficient prediction of the short-term degradation behaviors of the PEM fuel cell has great significance. In this paper, we propose a data-driven degradation prediction method based on multivariate polynomial regression (MPR) and artificial neural network (ANN). This method first predicts the initial value of cell performance, and then the cell performance variations over time are predicted to describe the degradation behaviors of the PEM fuel cell. Two cases of degradation data, the PEM fuel cell in the DEA and anode recirculation modes, are employed to train the model and demonstrate the validation of the proposed method. The results show that the mean relative errors predicted by the proposed method are much smaller than those by only using the ANN or MPR. The predictive performance of the two-hidden-layer ANN is significantly better than that of the one-hidden-layer ANN. The performance curves predicted by using the sigmoid activation function are smoother and more realistic than that by using rectified linear unit (ReLU) activation function.

Experimental Investigation of Proton Exchange Membrane Fuel Cell With Platinum and Nafion Along the In-Plane Direction

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Peng Cheng ◽  
Chasen Tongsh ◽  
Jinqiao Liang ◽  
Zhi Liu ◽  
Qing Du ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fuel Cell ◽  
Flow Rate ◽  
Proton Exchange Membrane ◽  
Pem Fuel Cell ◽  
Gas Diffusion ◽  
Proton Exchange ◽  
Cell Performance ◽  
Gradient Distribution ◽  
Plane Direction ◽  
Exchange Membrane

Abstract In this study, an experimental study has been performed to investigate the effect of in-plane distribution of Pt and Nafion in membrane electrode assembly (MEA) on proton exchange membrane (PEM) fuel cell. Two types of MEAs, such as the gradient and uniform distributions of Pt catalyst and Nafion, are compared under various operating conditions including cathode flow rate, MEA preparation method, Pt loading and relative humidity (RH). The catalyst ink is sprayed onto Nafion membrane or gas diffusion layer (GDL) through a pneumatic automatic spraying device manufactured by ourselves. MEA is prepared by hot pressing. The results show that as flow rate decreases, the MEA with gradient distribution will show a higher voltage at a high current density for catalyst coated membrane (CCM) method. For CCM method, gradient distribution can optimize cell performance under low cathode flow rate, but the optimization effect is weakened when flow rate is too low. Compared with CCM method, the gas diffusion electrode (GDE) method makes the difference value of Ohmic resistance between gradient and uniform distribution very larger, resulting in poor performance improvement. For GDE method, gradient distribution shows no optimization for cell performance under different Pt loadings and RH, but a smaller average Pt loading and fully-humidified reactants can reduce the performance distinction between uniform and gradient distribution. The gradient design of Pt and Nafion along the in-plane direction is a promising strategy to improve the performance of PEM fuel cell. Reasonably controlling the gradient distribution of Pt in the plane direction of cathode can reduce the amount of Pt catalysts and improve efficiency.

Key parameters of active layers affecting proton exchange membrane (PEM) fuel cell performance

Energy ◽  
2008 ◽  
Vol 33 (12) ◽  
pp. 1794-1800 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jarupuk Thepkaew ◽  
Apichai Therdthianwong ◽  
Supaporn Therdthianwong
Keyword(s):  
Fuel Cell ◽  
Proton Exchange Membrane ◽  
Pem Fuel Cell ◽  
Proton Exchange ◽  
Cell Performance ◽  
Fuel Cell Performance ◽  
Active Layers ◽  
Exchange Membrane

Performance of Proton Exchange Membrane in the Presence of Mg2+

2014 ◽  
Vol 11 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
Guo Li ◽  
Jinzhu Tan ◽  
Jianming Gong ◽  
Xiaowei Zhang ◽  
Yanchao Xin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fuel Cell ◽  
Carbon Dioxide Emissions ◽  
Proton Exchange Membrane ◽  
Pem Fuel Cell ◽  
Proton Exchange ◽  
Cell Performance ◽  
Electrical Performance ◽  
Fuel Cell Performance ◽  
Exchange Membrane

Proton exchange membrane (PEM) fuel cell is regarded as one of the potential renewable energy which may provide a possible long-term solution to reduce carbon dioxide emissions, reduce fossil fuel dependency and increase energy efficiency. Even though great progress has been made, long-term stability and durability is still an issue. The contamination ion plays an important role on the electrical performance of PEM fuel cell. This paper investigates the effect of Mg2+ contamination on PEM fuel cell performance as a function of Mg2+ concentration. Two levels of Mg2+ concentration was chose. From the experimental results, it can be obtained that a significant drop in fuel cell performance occurred when Mg2+ was injected into the anode fuel stream. The voltage and power density of fuel cell decreased larger and larger with increase of Mg2+ concentration over time. The Mg2+ mainly caused the concentration polarization loss from the anode catalyst to the membrane in fuel cell.

In-Plane Temperature Measurement and Water Droplet Detection of a Proton Exchange Membrane Fuel Cell Using Phosphor Thermometry: Initial Development

2010 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kristopher Inman ◽  
Xia Wang ◽  
Brian Sangeorzan
Keyword(s):  
Fuel Cell ◽  
Water Droplet ◽  
Proton Exchange Membrane ◽  
Pem Fuel Cell ◽  
Gas Diffusion ◽  
Proton Exchange ◽  
Cell Performance ◽  
Fuel Cell Performance ◽  
Phosphor Thermometry ◽  
Exchange Membrane

Thermal behavior inside fuel cells plays a significant role in fuel cell performance and durability. Internal temperatures of a proton exchange membrane (PEM) fuel cell govern the ionic conductivities of the polymer electrolyte, influence the reaction rate at the electrodes, and control the water vapor pressure inside the cell. Temperature gradients also influence mass transport due to phase-change-induced flow and thermo-osmosis. Many techniques developed for studying in situ temperatures such as thermocouples sensors either disrupt fuel cell performance or carry unknown accuracy. The objectives of this research are to design and construct thermal sensors based on the principles of the lifetime-decay method of phosphor thermometry to measure temperatures of cathode gas diffusion layer inside a PEM fuel cell with minimal invasion. The sensors also demonstrate the possibility of detecting water droplet formation in the flow channels qualitatively making it possible to experimentally relate local temperature distribution with liquid water formation. Further development is required in order to increase the accuracy and utility of the sensors before conclusive testing can be performed.

The Effect of Inlet Parameters on Fluid Flow and Cell Performance at Cathode of a Proton Exchange Membrane Fuel Cell

2010 ◽  
Vol 7 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
Utku Gulan ◽  
Hasmet Turkoglu ◽  
Irfan Ar
Keyword(s):  
Reynolds Number ◽  
Fuel Cell ◽  
Power Density ◽  
Current Density ◽  
Proton Exchange Membrane ◽  
Catalyst Layer ◽  
Pem Fuel Cell ◽  
Proton Exchange ◽  
Exchange Membrane ◽  
Oxygen Mole Fraction

In this study, the fluid flow and cell performance in cathode side of a proton exchange membrane (PEM) fuel cell were numerically analyzed. The problem domain consists of cathode gas channel, cathode gas diffusion layer, and cathode catalyst layer. The equations governing the motion of air, concentration of oxygen, and electrochemical reactions were numerically solved. A computer program was developed based on control volume method and SIMPLE algorithm. The mathematical model and program developed were tested by comparing the results of numerical simulations with the results from literature. Simulations were performed for different values of inlet Reynolds number and inlet oxygen mole fraction at different operation temperatures. Using the results of these simulations, the effects of these parameters on the flow, oxygen concentration distribution, current density and power density were analyzed. The simulations showed that the oxygen concentration in the catalyst layer increases with increasing Reynolds number and hence the current density and power density of the PEM fuel cell also increases. Analysis of the data obtained from simulations also shows that current density and power density of the PEM fuel cell increases with increasing operation temperature. It is also observed that increasing the inlet oxygen mole fraction increases the current density and power density.

Theoretical Analysis on the Autothermal Reforming Process of Ethanol as Fuel for a Proton Exchange Membrane Fuel Cell System

2006 ◽  
Vol 4 (4) ◽  
pp. 468-473 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alessandra Perna
Keyword(s):  
Fuel Cell ◽  
Proton Exchange Membrane ◽  
Pem Fuel Cell ◽  
Cell System ◽  
Autothermal Reforming ◽  
Proton Exchange ◽  
Operating Conditions ◽  
Hydrogen Yield ◽  
Fuel Cell System ◽  
Exchange Membrane

The purpose of this work is to investigate, by a thermodynamic analysis, the effects of the process variables on the performance of an autothermal reforming (ATR)-based fuel processor, operating on ethanol as fuel, integrated into an overall proton exchange membrane (PEM) fuel cell system. This analysis has been carried out finding the better operating conditions to maximize hydrogen yield and to minimize CO carbon monoxide production. In order to evaluate the overall efficiency of the system, PEM fuel cell operations have been analyzed by an available parametric model.

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