scholarly journals In-Vitro Investigation of Fatigue and Fracture Behavior of Transmucosal versus Submerged Bone Level Implants Used in Fixed Prosthesis

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (13) ◽  
pp. 6186
Author(s):  
Saverio Cosola ◽  
Paolo Toti ◽  
Enrico Babetto ◽  
Ugo Covani ◽  
Miguel Peñarrocha-Diago ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Standardized Test ◽  
Degree Of Freedom ◽  
The Other ◽  
Fatigue Performance ◽  
Implant Design ◽  
In Vitro Investigation ◽  
Bone Level ◽  
Dynamic Endurance ◽  
One Way Anova

Background: The present in vitro study aimed to investigate the fatigue performance of different dental fixtures in two different emergence profiles. Biological failures are frequently reported because the problem canonly be solved by replacing a failing implant with a new one. Clinicians addressed minor mechanical failures, such as bending, loosening or the fracture of screws, abutment, or the entire prosthesis, by simply replacing or fixing them. Methods: Transmucosal and submerged bone-level dental implants underwent fatigue strength tests (statical and dynamical performance) by a standardized test: UNI EN ISO 14801:2016. Two types of emergence profiles (Premium sub-crestal straight implant with a cylindrical-shaped coronal emergence or Prama one-piece cylindrical-shape implant with transmucosal convergent neck and hyperbolic geometry) were tested, and dynamic fatigue were run to failure. Data was analyzed by a suitable statistical tool. Results: The Wöhler curve of 0.38 cm Premium group c2, appeared to be significantly different from that of the 0.38 cm Prama group c3 (nonparametric one-way ANOVA χ2 = 6; degree of freedom = 1; probability = 0.0043) but not from that of the 0.33 cm Premium group c1 (nonparametric one-way ANOVA χ2 = 0.62; degree of freedom = 1; probability = 0.4328). Fatigue performance of configuration 2 was one and a half times better than that of configuration 3. Group c3 had a better ultimate failure load (421.6 ± 12.5 N) than the other two settings i.e., c1 (324.5 ± 5.5 N) and c2 (396.3 ± 5.6) reaching almost a nonsignificant level. Conclusions: It was observed that a transmucosal implant design could provide the highest resistance to static fracture. On the other hand, an equicrestal implant design could increase dynamic endurance.

An In-Vitro Investigation into the Cement Pressurization Achieved During Insertion of Four Different Femoral Stems

2005 ◽  
Vol 219 (6) ◽  
pp. 407-413 ◽  
Author(s):  
C Gozzard ◽  
S Gheduzzi ◽  
A W Miles ◽  
I D Learmonth
Keyword(s):  
Revision Surgery ◽  
In Vitro Study ◽  
The Other ◽  
Stem Volume ◽  
Factors Associated ◽  
In Vitro Investigation ◽  
Femoral Stems ◽  
Stem Shape ◽  
Distal Stem

Adequate cement pressurization during stem insertion improves the interdigitation of cement into bone. This increases the strength of the cement-bone interface, thus contributing to the reduction of the incidence of aseptic loosening, the commonest cause of revision surgery. This in-vitro study compared the cement pressurization achieved during insertion of four different stems of equivalent sizes: the Elite Plus (DePuy, UK), C-Stem (DePuy, UK), Exeter (Stryker, USA), and CPS-Plus (Plus Orthopedics, Switzerland). The maximum pressures attained at the time of stem insertion were recorded at proximal, mid and distal stem levels. The Elite Plus generated significantly higher distal pressures than the other stems. The CPS-Plus generated significantly greater proximal cement pressures than the Elite Plus, C-Stem, and Exeter prostheses. The triple taper of the C-Stem increased the cement pressurization medial to the stem. The stem shape and the presence or absence of a proximal stem centralizer affect cement pressurization. The presence of a proximal stem centralizer, a large stem volume, and a lateral-medial taper are all factors associated with increased cement pressurization during stem insertion.

scholarly journals Effect of various co-culture systems on embryo development in ovine

2013 ◽  
Vol 58 (No. 10) ◽  
pp. 443-452 ◽  
Author(s):  
B. Heidari ◽  
A. Shirazi ◽  
M.-M. Naderi ◽  
M.-M. Akhondi ◽  
H. Hassanpour ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Embryo Development ◽  
Culture System ◽  
Cell Number ◽  
Culture Conditions ◽  
The Other ◽  
Culture Period ◽  
Hatching Rate ◽  
Embryonic Fibroblast ◽  
One Way Anova

Considering the advent of mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) as a new source of somatic cells in embryo co-culture system, the current study was aimed to compare in vitro embryo development using embryonic MSCs monolayer with embryonic fibroblast cells (EFCs), oviductal epithelial cells (OECs), and cell-free culture system. The IVM/IVF presumptive sheep zygotes were randomly cultured in different culture conditions as follows: (1) SOFaaBSA medium for the whole culture period (SOF, n = 371), (2) SOFaaBSA medium for the first 3 days followed by co-culturing with MSCs for the next 5 days (SOF-MSCs, n = 120), (3) co-culturing with MSCs for the first 3 days followed by culture in SOFaaBSA medium for the next 5 days (MSCs-SOF, n = 133), (4) co-culturing with MSCs for the whole culture period (MSCs, n = 212), (5) SOFaaBSA medium for the first 3 days followed by co-culturing with EFCs for the next 5 days (SOF-EFCs, n = 132), (6) co-culturing with EFCs for the first 3 days followed by culture in SOFaaBSA medium for the next 5 days (EFCs-SOF, n = 165), (7) co-culturing with EFCs for the whole culture period (EFCs, n = 236), and (8) co-culturing with OECs for the whole culture period (OECs, n = 255). One-Way ANOVA by multiple pairwise comparisons using Tukey’s test was performed. Co-culturing in MSCs group had no superiority over EFCs and OECs groups. Though, when co-culturing with MSCs and EFCs was limited to the first 3 days of culture, the embryo development indices were improved compared to the other co-cultured groups. Considering both the hatching rate and total cell number, the application of MSCs for the first 3 days of culture (MSCs-SOF) was superior to the other co-culture and SOF groups.  

An in vitro comparison of the ability of three commonly used pediatric cardiopulmonary bypass circuits to filter gaseous microemboli

Perfusion ◽  
2010 ◽  
Vol 25 (4) ◽  
pp. 255-263 ◽  
Author(s):  
Richard W Melchior ◽  
Tami Rosenthal ◽  
Andrew C Glatz
Keyword(s):  
Cardiopulmonary Bypass ◽  
In Vitro Model ◽  
The Other ◽  
Arterial Line ◽  
Independent Variables ◽  
Absolute Flow ◽  
In Vitro Investigation ◽  
Vitro Model ◽  
Different Levels

Background: The purpose of this study was to compare the ability of three commonly used pediatric cardiopulmonary bypass (CPB) circuits to filter gaseous microemboli (GME) in an in vitro model. Methods: Devices were tested at different levels of two specific independent variables: volume of air injected (1, 3, 5ml) and percentage of each oxygenator’s rated flow (50%, 75%, 100%, 125%). The air-handling ability of each CPB circuit was determined by the Emboli Detection and Classification Quantifier (Luna Innovations Inc., Roanoke,VA). Results: At all tested conditions, the FX-05 allowed a higher percentage of GME when compared to either one or both of the other two CPB circuits. When comparing oxygenators at similar absolute flow rates, the KIDS D100/D130 CPB circuit performed worse compared to the other two CPB circuits. C onclusions: The combination of the Baby RX-05 oxygenator and Capiox AF02 arterial line filter provides the highest level of protection from air emboli in an in vitro investigation.

Biomechanichal Comparison of Multilevel Cervical Laminectomy and Spinous Process Splitting Laminoplasty With or Without Hydroxyapatite Spinous Process Spacers

2001 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shinichiro Kubo ◽  
Vijay K. Goel ◽  
Yang S. Jo ◽  
Kim J. Hyun ◽  
Naoya Tajima
Keyword(s):  
Spinous Process ◽  
Adjacent Segment Degeneration ◽  
The Other ◽  
Adjacent Segment ◽  
Segmental Instability ◽  
In Vitro Investigation ◽  
Multilevel Cervical Myelopathy ◽  
Biomechanical Factors

Abstract Laminoplasty or laminectomy may is used for the treatment of multilevel cervical myelopathy. However, it has been shown that multilevel laminectomies can lead to segmental instability, kyphosis, perrineural adhesions and late neurological deterioration. [1–4] On the other hand, laminoplasty, seems to preserve motion, and reduces adjacent segment degeneration in a patient. [5–7] The role of biomechanical factors in the differences in outcome for the two procedures is not fully delineated. Our hypothesis is that laminoplasty procedure does not lead to an increase in motion while laminectomy does. An in vitro investigation was undertaken to test this hypothesis.

Insertion torque/time integral as a measure of primary implant stability

2020 ◽  
Vol 65 (6) ◽  
pp. 729-733
Author(s):  
Tanja Grobecker-Karl ◽  
Matthias Karl ◽  
Constanze Steiner
Keyword(s):  
Cortical Layer ◽  
Implant Design ◽  
Insertion Torque ◽  
Resonance Frequency Analysis ◽  
Implant Stability ◽  
Time Integral ◽  
Primary Implant ◽  
Medium Quality ◽  
Bone Level

AbstractThe goal of this in vitro study was to determine the insertion torque/time integral for three implant systems. Bone level implants (n = 10; BLT – Straumann Bone Level Tapered 4.1 mm × 12 mm, V3 – MIS V3 3.9 mm × 11.5 mm, ASTRA – Dentsply-Sirona ASTRA TX 4.0 mm × 13 mm) were placed in polyurethane foam material consisting of a trabecular and a cortical layer applying protocols for medium quality bone. Besides measuring maximum insertion torque and primary implant stability using resonance frequency analysis (RFA), torque time curves recorded during insertion were used for calculating insertion torque/time integrals. Statistical analysis was based on ANOVA, Tukey’s honest differences test and Pearson product moment correlation (α = 0.05). Significantly greater mean maximum insertion torque (59.9 ± 4.94 Ncm) and mean maximum insertion torque/time integral (961.64 ± 54.07 Ncm∗s) were recorded for BLT implants (p < 0.01). V3 showed significantly higher mean maximum insertion torque as compared to ASTRA (p < 0.01), but significantly lower insertion torque/time integral (p < 0.01). Primary implant stability did not differ significantly among groups. Only a single weak (r = 0.61) but significant correlation could be established between maximum insertion torque and insertion torque/time integral (p < 0.01) when all data from all three implant groups were pooled. Implant design (length, thread pitch) seems to affect insertion torque/time integral more than maximum insertion torque.

scholarly journals In Vitro Antimicrobial Effect of Bioadhesive Oral Membrane with Chlorhexidine Gel

2018 ◽  
Vol 29 (4) ◽  
pp. 354-358 ◽  
Author(s):  
Annelyze Podolan Kloster ◽  
Natalino Lourenço Neto ◽  
Silgia Aparecida da Costa ◽  
Thais Marchini Oliveira ◽  
Rodrigo Cardoso de Oliveira ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Candida Albicans ◽  
Local Treatment ◽  
Antimicrobial Effect ◽  
The Other ◽  
Tukey Test ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Chitosan Gel ◽  
One Way Anova ◽  
Chlorhexidine Gel

Abstract This study aimed to evaluate in vitro the antimicrobial effect of a bioadhesive chitosan-based oral membrane with chlorhexidine for local treatment of infections in the oral tissues. Five oral membranes of different compositions were tested: 5% chitosan (G1); 5% chitosan ± 0.2% chlorhexidine (G2), 5% chitosan ± 0.6% chlorhexidine (G3), 5% chitosan ± 1.0% chlorhexidine (G4), and 5% chitosan ± 2.0% chlorhexidine (G5). Also, five gel types were tested according to the following compositions: 5% chitosan gel (G6), 0.2% chlorhexidine gel (G7), 2.0% chlorhexidine gel (G8), 5% chitosan gel ± 0.2% chlorhexidine gel (G9), and 5% chitosan gel ± 2.0% chlorhexidine gel (G10). The antimicrobial action of the samples was tested against Candida albicans and Streptococcus mutans through antibiogram by measuring the inhibition halos. Data were statistically analyzed by Kruskal-Wallis and one-way ANOVA followed by Tukey test (p<0.05). The 2.0% chlorhexidine membrane (G5) and the disks containing 2.0% chlorhexidine gel (G8) showed the greatest inhibition halos for both microorganisms, with statistically significant difference when compared to others tested groups (p=0.008) only for Candida albicans inhibitions results. All the other formulations of membranes and gels showed inhibition halos, but without statistically significant difference. The bioadhesive chitosan-based oral membrane with 2% chlorhexidine and 2% chlorhexidine gel were the most effective in inhibiting the tested microorganisms.

scholarly journals Variables Affecting the Accuracy of Implant Master Casts: An In Vitro Pilot Study

2014 ◽  
Vol 2014 ◽  
pp. 1-6 ◽  
Author(s):  
Matthias Karl ◽  
Victor Palarie
Keyword(s):  
Reference Model ◽  
Misfit Strain ◽  
Strain Development ◽  
Impression Materials ◽  
Lower Strain ◽  
In Vitro Investigation ◽  
Bone Level ◽  
Level Of Significance ◽  
Implant System

Impression and master cast accuracy have been identified as being the major determinants of superstructure fit in implant-supported restorations. The goal of this in vitro investigation was to determine the effects of different transfer components, impression materials, disinfection, storage time, and stone type on master cast accuracy. Following impression making from a reference model with two internal-hex bone-level implants and master cast fabrication (eight experimental groups; n = 5), a bar-type measurement device equipped with a strain gauge was fixed on all master casts while strain development was recorded. Statistical analysis was performed applying ANOVA and paired t-tests with the level of significance set at α = 0.05. The transfer components with plastic sleeves caused maximum misfit strain which was significantly greater as compared to click (P = 0.02) and open tray transfer components (P = 0.00). No significant effect on master cast accuracy was recorded for the parameters impression material, impression disinfection, and storage of impressions or casts. Lower strain development was observed in casts poured in type 3 stone as compared to casts poured in type 4 stone (P = 0.01). For the bone-level implant system considered here, the great levels of accuracy could be achieved using pick-up impressions with either click or open tray impression components.

Effect of Acidulated Phosphate Fluoride Gel on the Surface of Dental Nanocomposite Restorative Materials

2018 ◽  
Vol 51 ◽  
pp. 1-12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dimitrios Dionysopoulos ◽  
Eugenia Koliniotou-Koumpia
Keyword(s):  
Surface Roughness ◽  
In Vitro Study ◽  
Dental Composite ◽  
The Other ◽  
Treatment Control ◽  
Human Enamel ◽  
Level Of Significance ◽  
Experimental Group ◽  
One Way Anova

The aim of this in vitro study was to investigate the changes in surface roughness of different nanocomposite restoratives and enamel after application of 1.23% acidulated phosphate fluoride (APF) gel. Twelve specimens were prepared for each composite material and human enamel. The APF gel was applied to the surface of the six specimens of each experimental group for 60 sec every 24 h for 4 days. The other six specimens did not receive APF treatment (control). The surface roughness was measured using a VSI microscope. One-way ANOVA and Tukey’s test were used to compare surface roughness between materials for each experimental group at a level of significance of a=0.05. There were no statistically significant differences in Ra values among the composites which did not receive APF treatment (p>0.05). After APF treatment the lowest surface roughness exhibited enamel (0.18±0.04 Ra) and the highest Dyract Extra (0.62±0.07 Ra) followed by Tetric EvoCeram (0.59±0.06 Ra) and Beautifil II (0.51±0.06 Ra). Filtek Z350 XT presented the lowest Ra values (0.23±0.03). All the experimental groups exhibited higher Ra values after APF treatment (p<0.05), except for Filtek Z350 XT (p>0.05). Application of APF gel on the specimen surfaces influenced the surface roughness of enamel and the tested dental composite restoratives depending on their composition.

The Regulation of Haemocyanin Oxygen Affinity during Emersion of the Crayfish Austropotamobius Pallipes: I. An In Vitro Investigation of the Interactive Effects of Calcium and L-Lactate on Oxygen Affinity

1986 ◽  
Vol 121 (1) ◽  
pp. 315-326 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. MORRIS ◽  
R. TYLER-JONES ◽  
E. W. TAYLOR
Keyword(s):  
Calcium Ions ◽  
Oxygen Affinity ◽  
The Other ◽  
Bohr Effect ◽  
Interactive Effects ◽  
Austropotamobius Pallipes ◽  
High Affinity ◽  
In Vitro Investigation ◽  
The Difference

The haemolymph of the crayfish Austropotamobius pallipes exhibits a high affinity for oxygen (P50 = 2.7 Torr at pH7.9 and 15°C) and a modest Bohr effect (ϕ =0.455). The affinity of haemolymph dialysed against a crayfish Ringer was lower with a P50 value of 6.4 Torr at the same temperature and pH. The oxygen affinity of the dialysed haemolymph can be increased markedly by increased concentrations of L-lactate and to a greater extent by elevated concentrations of calcium ions. In the dialysed preparation, the potentiating effects of L-lactate and Ca2+ on haemocyanin oxygen affinity were found to be interdependent. Elevating the concentration of one of these two ions reduced the effect of the other. The increase in the oxygen affinity of the haemocyanin brought about by elevated Ca2+ and L-lactate was insufficient to account for the difference in affinity between dialysed and nondialysed haemolymph. The mutually agonistic effects of Ca2+ and L-lactate are described both empirically and graphically.

In vitro investigation of Varizella zoster virus as an oncolytic virus in glioblastoma therapy

2008 ◽  
Vol 35 (S 01) ◽  
Author(s):  
H Leske ◽  
A Baiker ◽  
C Schichor ◽  
J.C Tonn ◽  
R Goldbrunner ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Oncolytic Virus ◽  
In Vitro Investigation ◽  
Varizella Zoster Virus
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