scholarly journals Hypoxic Exercise Training Elevates Erythrocyte Aggregation

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (13) ◽  
pp. 6038
Author(s):  
Chin-Li Lin ◽  
Jong-Shyan Wang ◽  
Tieh-Cheng Fu ◽  
Chih-Chin Hsu ◽  
Yu-Chieh Huang
Keyword(s):  
Exercise Training ◽  
Intrinsic Factor ◽  
Erythrocyte Aggregation ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Capillary Perfusion ◽  
Extrinsic Factors ◽  
Related Factors ◽  
Fibrinogen Binding ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Hypoxic Exercise

Pathological erythrocyte aggregation reduces capillary perfusion and oxygen transfer to tissue, which is determined by the negative surface charge on the erythrocyte membrane (intrinsic aggregability) and fibrinogen–erythrocyte interaction (extrinsic factor). Exercise-induced oxidative stress is important for rheological adaptation to training but may also cause erythrocyte senescence. This study clarifies the effects of hypoxic exercise training on intrinsic/extrinsic factors of aggregation. In total, 60 healthy sedentary males were randomly assigned to either hypoxic (HE; FIO2 = 0.15) or normoxic exercise training (NE; FIO2 = 0.21) groups for 30 min·d−1, 5 d·wk−1 for 6 weeks at 60 % of the maximum work rate or to a control group (CTL). A hypoxia exercise test (HET, FIO2 = 0.12) was performed before and after the intervention. Erythrocyte aggregation was assessed by ektacytometry, and fibrinogen binding affinity and senescence biomarkers were assessed by flow cytometry. An acute 12% oxygen HET significantly enhanced erythrocyte global aggregation through intrinsic aggregability. Resting aggregation is promoted by both intrinsic aggregability and fibrinogen binding probability and force after HE, whereas NE is mainly associated with ameliorated fibrinogen–erythrocyte interactions. The HET still facilitated global aggregation after HE because of the augmented fibrinogen-related factors, even though the intrinsic factor was suppressed. Additionally, HE further increased reticulocyte counts while reducing the expression of CD47 and CD147. Resting aggregability is promoted by both intrinsic and extrinsic factors after HE, whereas NE is mainly associated with an ameliorated affinity for fibrinogen. Although an accelerated turnover rate was observed, HE further led to erythrocyte senescence.

Aerobic Exercise Training and Cardiorespiratory Fitness in Older Adults: A Randomized Control Trial

1999 ◽  
Vol 7 (4) ◽  
pp. 374-383 ◽  
Author(s):  
Richard A. Boileau ◽  
Edward McAuley ◽  
Demetra Demetriou ◽  
Naveen K. Devabhaktuni ◽  
Gregory L. Dykstra ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Heart Rate ◽  
Exercise Training ◽  
Aerobic Exercise ◽  
Exercise Program ◽  
The Elderly ◽  
Aerobic Exercise Training ◽  
Moderate Intensity ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Before And After

A trial was conducted to examine the effect of moderate aerobic exercise training (AET) on cardiorespiratory (CR) fitness. Previously sedentary participants, age 60-75 years, were randomly assigned to either AET treatment or a control group for 6 months. The AET consisted of walking for 40 min three times/week at an intensity that elevated heart rate to 65% of maximum heart rate reserve. The control group performed a supervised stretching program for 40 min three times/week. CR fitness was assessed before and after the treatments during a grade-incremented treadmill walking test. Both absolute and relative peak V̇O2 significantly increased (p < .01) in the AET group, whereas they decreased modestly in the control group. Maximum treadmill time increased significantly (p < .01) in the AET group relative to the control group. These results indicate that CR fitness as measured by peak V̇O2 modestly improves in the elderly with a moderate-intensity, relatively long-term aerobic exercise program.

Exercise training hypotension: implications for plasma volume, renin, and vasopressin

1981 ◽  
Vol 51 (2) ◽  
pp. 298-305 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. E. Greenleaf ◽  
D. Sciaraffa ◽  
E. Shvartz ◽  
L. C. Keil ◽  
P. J. Brock
Keyword(s):  
Exercise Training ◽  
Plasma Volume ◽  
Plasma Renin ◽  
Cycle Ergometer ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Vo2 Max ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Blood Pressures ◽  
Acclimation Group ◽  
Group 5

To determine the function of changes in plasma volume (PV), plasma renin activity (PRA), and arginine vasopressin (AVP) in the mechanism of the reduction of resting blood pressure during exercise training, resting supine, sitting, and standing systolic (SBP) and 5th-phase diastolic (DBP) blood pressures were measured in 10 men (19-24 yr) before and after an 8-day (2 h/day) training period on a cycle ergometer. The control group (5 men) exercised at 1.4 1/min [44% peak O2 uptake (VO2 max)] at 23.8 degrees C Tdb and 50% rh, and the acclimation group at 1.5 1/min (46% VO2 max) at 39.8 degrees C Tdb and 50% rh. After acclimation, resting supine and sitting DPB decreased (P less than 0.05) by 6 and 9 mmHg, respectively. There were no significant changes in DBP in the controls or in SBP in either group. After training, PV increased by 12.2% in controls and by 17.6% after acclimation. The resting hypotension could not be attributed to changes in resting levels of PV, AVP, or PRA. However, large decreases in PV and large increases in AVP and especially PRA during acclimation exposures suggest these responses may play a role in the chronic hypotensive response.

scholarly journals The Effect of Through-Range Versus Shortened-Length Exercise Training on Upper Quarter Posture Among Students With Forward Head Posture: A Randomized Clinical Trial

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Parisa Sayyadi ◽  
Rahman Sheikhhoseini ◽  
Kieran O’Sullivan ◽  
Ramin Balouchi
Keyword(s):  
Exercise Training ◽  
Thoracic Kyphosis ◽  
Training Programs ◽  
Exercise Group ◽  
Control Group ◽  
School Students ◽  
Forward Head Posture ◽  
Head Posture ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Craniovertebral Angle

Introduction: The purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of shortened-length versus through-range exercise training on upper quarter posture in primary school students with Forward Head Posture (FHP). Materials and Methods: Sixty pain-free participants with FHP were randomly allocated to one of three groups; shortened-length training (n=20), through-range training (n=20), and no- treatment control group (n=20). The shortened-length and through-range groups participated in training programs 3 times per week for 8 weeks. Upper quarter postures, including Craniovertebral Angle (CVA), Shoulder Angle (SA), Cranial Angle (CA), and thoracic kyphosis were measured by photogrammetry before and after the training. The confidence level was set at 95% (P<0.05). Results: After training, both exercise groups showed significant changes in CVA (P=0.001), SA (P=0.001), CA (P=0.001), and thoracic kyphosis (P=0.001) compared to the control group. Furthermore, CVA changed more in the shortened-length exercise group compared to the through-range exercise group (P=0.003) (effect size= 0.446). Conclusion: Both through-range and shortened-length exercises altered upper quarter alignment. The shortened-length training resulted in a larger change in CVA. These changes were small, and more studies are needed to investigate the effects of such training programs among people with pain.

scholarly journals Interval Exercise Training Affects Expression of MCT-1, GLUT-1, PFK-1 and p53 as Key Metabolic Regulators on Azoxymethane-Induced Experimental Colon Cancer

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hossein Shirvani ◽  
Behzad Bazgir ◽  
Mostafa Rahimi ◽  
Amin Isanejad ◽  
Mohammad Samadi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Colon Cancer ◽  
Exercise Training ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Exercise Protocol ◽  
Tumor Induction ◽  
Interval Exercise ◽  
Glut 1 ◽  
Tumor Group ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Metabolic Regulators

Abstract Background Physical activity is one of the modulators of the cancer risk and survival factors. Therefore, the aim of this study was considering of pre and post interval exercise training on expression of MCT-1, GLUT-1, PFK-1 and p53 as a key metabolic regulators in azoxymethane-induced experimental colon cancer Methods Forty-eight male BALB/c mice were equally randomized into 6 groups: I: control (C); healthy animals, II: Exercise (E), III: tumor induction (T); animals received AOM for inducing colon cancer, IV: AOM + exercise (TE); animals with colon cancer underwent 8 weeks of the interval training protocol after tumor establishment, V: exercise + AOM (ET); animals received exercise protocol one week before AOM consumption, and (VI) exercise + AOM + exercise (ETE); animals received exercise protocol one week before and after AOM consumption (about 15 weeks) Groups III-VI were weekly-received AOM (as a carcinogenic agent, 10 mg/kg s.c) in three consecutive weeks to induce colon cancer. Interval exercise training was begun at 16–18 m/min, 10–14 min, 5 days/week for 6 weeks. Results The results showed that the tumor significantly increased mRNA and protein of MCT1 in the tumor group compared to the control group (p < 0.001), Also, exercise before and after tumor induction reduced MCT1 (and other glucose regulators) in the colon (respectively: p < 0.02 and p < 0.01). While the p53 gene decreased significantly in the tumor group compared to the control group (p < 0.01). Exercise before tumor induction and after tumor induction increased significantly (p < 0.01 and p < 0.04 respectively) in p53 compared to the tumor group. ETE group also downregulate the expression of glucose metabolism genes in colon tumor (p < 0.05). Conclusion Long-term aerobic interval exercise (pre, post, pre&post tumor) can contribute to inhibition of tumor progression and treatment against colon cancer. It seems that these preventive and treatment effects exercise training can attribute to the regulation of lactate and glucose transporters by up-regulation of p53 colorectal cancer cells.

scholarly journals The Effect of Water Therapy and Jogging Exercises on the Health-Related Factors Physical Fitness of Elderly Women

2021 ◽  
Vol 3 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Morteza Taheri ◽  
Shakiba Farzian ◽  
Atefeh Esmaeili ◽  
Ebrahim Shabani
Keyword(s):  
Physical Fitness ◽  
Lower Limb ◽  
Elderly Women ◽  
Dynamic Balance ◽  
The Elderly ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Related Factors ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Water Therapy

Objectives: The aim of this research was to study the effects of a course of water therapy and jogging on factors related to the physical fitness of elderly women. Methods: Semi experimental study was performed by pretest-posttest design in which elderly women over 60 (64.3 ± 2.5 years old) were randomly divided into 3 groups of water therapy exercises, jogging group (JG) and control group (CG). Factors related to physical fitness (lower limb muscle strength test, static balance, dynamic balance and physical flexibility) before and after interventional exercises. One-way ANOVA and Tukey's post hoc test were applied to analyze the data. Results: It was shown that both water therapy exercises and jogging had a significant effect on static (P = 0.03), dynamic (P = 0.04), lower limb strength [P = 0.03 and (P = 0.01) for WTE and JG, respectively] and physical flexibility scores (P = 0.03), but there was no significant difference between the two experimental groups in all research variables (P ≥ 0.05). Conclusions: The use of water therapy and jogging exercises leads to improved static and dynamic balance, muscular strength of the lower extremities. Since improving the motor performance variables has a significant effect on preventing the falling of the elderly, it is recommended to use these exercises for the elderly.

Effect of training on the response of plasma vascular endothelial growth factor to exercise in patients with peripheral arterial disease

2006 ◽  
Vol 111 (6) ◽  
pp. 401-409 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rachel E. Wood ◽  
Brad E. Sanderson ◽  
Christopher D. Askew ◽  
Philip J. Walker ◽  
Simon Green ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor ◽  
Growth Factor ◽  
Exercise Training ◽  
Acute Exercise ◽  
Oxygen Demand ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Vascular Endothelial ◽  
Walking Test ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Endothelial Growth Factor

Expansion of the capillary network, or angiogenesis, occurs following endurance training. This process, which is reliant on the presence of VEGF (vascular endothelial growth factor), is an adaptation to a chronic mismatch between oxygen demand and supply. Patients with IC (intermittent claudication) experience pain during exercise associated with an inadequate oxygen delivery to the muscles. Therefore the aims of the present study were to examine the plasma VEGF response to acute exercise, and to establish whether exercise training alters this response in patients with IC. In Part A, blood was collected from patients with IC (n=18) before and after (+20 and +60 min post-exercise) a maximal walking test to determine the plasma VEGF response to acute exercise. VEGF was present in the plasma of patients (45.11±29.96 pg/ml) and was unchanged in response to acute exercise. Part B was a training study to determine whether exercise training altered the VEGF response to acute exercise. Patients were randomly assigned to a treatment group (TMT; n=7) that completed 6 weeks of high-intensity treadmill training, or to a control group (CON; n=6). All patients completed a maximal walking test before and after the intervention, with blood samples drawn as for Part A. Training had no effect on plasma VEGF at rest or in response to acute exercise, despite a significant increase in maximal walking time in the TMT group (915±533 to 1206±500 s; P=0.009) following the intervention. The absence of a change in plasma VEGF may reflect altered VEGF binding at the endothelium, although this cannot be confirmed by the present data.

scholarly journals A Study of Musculoskeletal Disorders among Visual Display Terminal Workers

2013 ◽  
Vol 10 ◽  
pp. 300-307 ◽  
Author(s):  
N.A. Samsuddin ◽  
Dian Darina Indah Daruis
Keyword(s):  
Musculoskeletal Disorders ◽  
Visual Display ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Related Factors ◽  
Visual Display Terminal ◽  
Work Related ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Ergonomic Interventions ◽  
Ergonomic Intervention

This study investigated the effectiveness of workstation ergonomic intervention in reducing musculoskeletal disorders (MSD) in Visual Display Terminal (VDT) workers. The study was carried out at one of a Multinational Company in Petaling Jaya, Selangor. Sixty Heavy VDT workers were selected randomly as case study respondents. Questionnaires were given to 60 respondents to investigate their awareness in ergonomic intervention, job-related factors that contributing to musculoskeletal disorders, as well as MSD severity and symptoms among them. Then, 30 workers who are heavy VDT users were selected to receive the education and ergonomics interventions, whereas another 30 receive the education and ergonomic intervention, whereas another 30 workers were assigned as a control group. The two groups were then crossedover after sixth week, and follow-up questionnaire s we given to all of them once again. The results for both questionnaires, before and after the ergonomics intervention, were then analyzed for this case study. The interventions include ergonomics leaflets, ergonomic posters, online ergonomic education and ergonomic working posture guidance. The outcomes suggested that a participation in an ergonomics program, even though in a short duration and minimally disruptive to the normal workplace routine, can still contribute to a rapid effect on improving work posture. Although improper posture is associated to be the main risk factor for work-related musculoskeletal disorders, multigroup and long-term randomized trial are required to establish the effectiveness or workstation ergonomic intervention in reducing musculoskeletal disorders in VDT workers. In conclusion, there is significant evidence that individualized ergonomic interventions may contribute to improve work-related posture and reduce MSD injuries for VDT workers.

scholarly journals Prognostic Value of Th-22 Cells and Related Functional Cytokines in Patients with Vitiligo

2019 ◽  
Vol 3 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
Jing Huo ◽  
Chunjing Zhao ◽  
Zhenzhen Qu
Keyword(s):  
Outpatient Clinic ◽  
Prognostic Value ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Study Group ◽  
Healthy Controls ◽  
Related Factors ◽  
Th 17 ◽  
Before And After

Objective: To investigate the prognostic value of Th-22 cells and related functional cytokines in patients with vitiligo. Methods: Thirty-five patients with vitiligo who admitted to the outpatient clinic from June 2016 to November 2018 in the hospital were selected as the study group. Thirty healthy controls were selected as the control group. Th-22 cells and their related cytokines were analyzed in both groups. Resylts: The levels of cytokines in Th-22 and Th-17 cells in the study group were significantly higher than those in the control group (P<0.05). The expression of Treg lymphocyte-related factors in the study group was lower than that in the control group (P<0.05). The changes in cell and factor levels in patients with vitiligo before and after treatment were significantly different (P<0.05). Conclusion: It is shown that three cells, including Th-22, Th-17 and Treg are related to each other, and they can inhibit and promote the pathogenesis of vitiligo which provides a reference for prognosis and treatment.

Effects of a 6-Week Straw Phonation in Water Exercise Program on the Aging Voice

2020 ◽  
Vol 63 (4) ◽  
pp. 1018-1032
Author(s):  
Chia-Hsin Wu ◽  
Roger W. Chan
Keyword(s):  
Acoustic Analysis ◽  
Vocal Tract ◽  
Exercise Program ◽  
Analysis Of Covariance ◽  
Elderly Subjects ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Perceptual Evaluation ◽  
Positive Effects ◽  
Aging Voice ◽  
Before And After

Purpose Semi-occluded vocal tract (SOVT) exercises with tubes or straws have been widely used for a variety of voice disorders. Yet, the effects of longer periods of SOVT exercises (lasting for weeks) on the aging voice are not well understood. This study investigated the effects of a 6-week straw phonation in water (SPW) exercise program. Method Thirty-seven elderly subjects with self-perceived voice problems were assigned into two groups: (a) SPW exercises with six weekly sessions and home practice (experimental group) and (b) vocal hygiene education (control group). Before and after intervention (2 weeks after the completion of the exercise program), acoustic analysis, auditory–perceptual evaluation, and self-assessment of vocal impairment were conducted. Results Analysis of covariance revealed significant differences between the two groups in smoothed cepstral peak prominence measures, harmonics-to-noise ratio, the auditory–perceptual parameter of breathiness, and Voice Handicap Index-10 scores postintervention. No significant differences between the two groups were found for other measures. Conclusions Our results supported the positive effects of SOVT exercises for the aging voice, with a 6-week SPW exercise program being a clinical option. Future studies should involve long-term follow-up and additional outcome measures to better understand the efficacy of SOVT exercises, particularly SPW exercises, for the aging voice.

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