scholarly journals Design Optimization of Centrifugal Microfluidic “Lab-on-a-Disc” Systems towards Fluidic Larger-Scale Integration

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (13) ◽  
pp. 5839
Author(s):  
Jens Ducrée
Keyword(s):  
Design Optimization ◽  
Retention Rate ◽  
Point Of Care ◽  
Operational Reliability ◽  
Band Width ◽  
Disc Space ◽  
Laboratory Unit ◽  
Digital Twin ◽  
Point Of Use ◽  
Scale Integration

Enhancing the degree of functional multiplexing while assuring operational reliability and manufacturability at competitive costs are crucial ingredients for enabling comprehensive sample-to-answer automation, e.g., for use in common, decentralized “Point-of-Care” or “Point-of-Use” scenarios. This paper demonstrates a model-based “digital twin” approach, which efficiently supports the algorithmic design optimization of exemplary centrifugo-pneumatic (CP) dissolvable-film (DF) siphon valves toward larger-scale integration (LSI) of well-established “Lab-on-a-Disc” (LoaD) systems. Obviously, the spatial footprint of the valves and their upstream laboratory unit operations (LUOs) have to fit, at a given radial position prescribed by its occurrence in the assay protocol, into the locally accessible disc space. At the same time, the retention rate of a rotationally actuated CP-DF siphon valve and, most challengingly, its band width related to unavoidable tolerances of experimental input parameters need to slot into a defined interval of the practically allowed frequency envelope. To accomplish particular design goals, a set of parametrized metrics is defined, which are to be met within their practical boundaries while (numerically) minimizing the band width in the frequency domain. While each LSI scenario needs to be addressed individually on the basis of the digital twin, a suite of qualitative design rules and instructive showcases structures are presented.

scholarly journals Design Optimization of Centrifugal Microfluidic "Lab-on-a-Disc" Systems towards Fluidic Larger-Scale Integration

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jens Ducrée
Keyword(s):  
Design Optimization ◽  
Retention Rate ◽  
Point Of Care ◽  
Operational Reliability ◽  
Band Width ◽  
Disc Space ◽  
Laboratory Unit ◽  
Digital Twin ◽  
Point Of Use ◽  
Scale Integration

Enhancing the degree of functional multiplexing while assuring operational reliability and manufacturability at competitive costs are crucial ingredients for enabling comprehensive sample-to-answer automation, e.g., for use in common, decentralized “Point-of-Care” or “Point-of-Use” scenarios. This paper demonstrates a model-based ‘digital twin’ approach which efficiently supports the algorithmic design optimization of exemplary centrifugo-pneumatic (CP) dissolvable-film (DF) siphon valves towards larger-scale integration (LSI) of well-established “Lab-on-a-Disc” (LoaD) systems. Obviously, the spatial footprint of the valves and their upstream laboratory unit operations (LUOs) have to fit, at a given radial position prescribed by its occurrence in the assay protocol, into the locally accessible disc space. At the same time, the retention rate of a rotationally actuated CP-DF siphon valve and, most challenging, its band width related to unavoidable tolerances of experimental input parameters, need to slot into a defined interval of the practically allowed frequency envelope. To accomplish particular design goals, a set of parametrized metrics is defined, which are to be met within their practical boundaries while (numerically) minimizing the band width in the frequency domain. While each LSI scenario needs to be addressed individually on the basis of the digital twin, a suite of qualitative design rules and instructive showcases structures are presented.

scholarly journals Design Optimization of Centrifugal Microfluidic "Lab-on-a-Disc" Systems towards Fluidic Larger-Scale Integration

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jens Ducrée
Keyword(s):  
Design Optimization ◽  
Retention Rate ◽  
Point Of Care ◽  
Operational Reliability ◽  
Disc Space ◽  
Laboratory Unit ◽  
Unit Operations ◽  
Point Of Use ◽  
Scale Integration ◽  
Assay Protocol

Enhancing the degree of functional multiplexing while assuring operational reliability and manufacturability at competitive costs are crucial components to enable comprehensive sample-to-answer automation, e.g., for use in common, decentralized “Point-of-Care” or “Point-of-Use” scenarios. This paper demonstrates a model-based ‘digital twin’ approach which efficiently supports the algorithmic design optimization of exemplary centrifugo-pneumatic (CP) dissolvable-film (DF) siphon valves towards larger-scale integration (LSI) of well-established “Lab-on-a-Disc” (LoaD) systems. Obviously, the spatial footprint of the valves and their upstream laboratory unit operations (LUOs) have to fit, at a given radial position prescribed by its occurrence in the assay protocol, into the locally available disc space. At the same time, the retention rate of rotationally actuated valve and, most challenging, its band width related to unavoidable experimental tolerances need to slot into a defined interval of the practically allowed frequency envelope. A set of design rules, metrics, and methods and instructive showcases for computationally assisted optimization of valve structures are presented.

scholarly journals Secure Air Traffic Control at the Hub of Multiplexing on the Centrifugo-Pneumatic Lab-on-a-Disc Platform

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jens Ducrée
Keyword(s):  
Flow Control ◽  
Packing Density ◽  
Traffic Control ◽  
Air Traffic Control ◽  
Point Of Care ◽  
Air Traffic ◽  
Digital Twin ◽  
Fabrication Cost ◽  
Point Of Use ◽  
Scale Integration

Larger-scale integration (LSI) resides at the heart of comprehensive sample-to-answer automation and parallelisation of assay panels for frequent and ubiquitous bioanalytical testing in decentralised the point-of-use / point-of-care settings. With an emphasis on rotational, centrifugo-pneumatic flow control, this paper employs a virtual “digital twin” strategy, considering experimental tolerances, to efficiently design such “Lab-on-a-Disc” systems featuring high packing density, reliability, configurability, modularity, manufacturability, performance while minimizing development and fabrication cost.

scholarly journals Secure Air Traffic Control at the Hub of Multiplexing on the Centrifugo-Pneumatic Lab-on-a-Disc Platform

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jens Ducrée
Keyword(s):  
Flow Control ◽  
Traffic Control ◽  
Performance Metrics ◽  
Point Of Care ◽  
Retention Rates ◽  
Efficient Design ◽  
Frequency Space ◽  
Digital Twin ◽  
Algorithmic Optimization ◽  
Point Of Use

Fluidic larger-scale integration (LSI) resides at the heart of comprehensive sample-to-answer automation and parallelization of assay panels for frequent and ubiquitous bioanalytical testing in decentralized the point-of-use / point-of-care settings. This paper develops a novel “digital twin” strategy with an emphasis on rotational, centrifugo-pneumatic flow control. The underlying model systematically connects retention rates of rotationally actuated valves as a key element of LSI to experimental input parameters; for the first time, the concept of band widths in frequency space as the decisive quantity characterizing operationally robustness is introduced, a set of quantitative performance metrics guiding algorithmic optimization of disc layouts is defined, and the engineering principles of advanced, logical flow control and timing are elucidated. Overall, the digital twin enables efficient design for automating multiplexed bioassay protocols on such “Lab-on-a-Disc” (LoaD) systems featuring high packing density, reliability, configurability, modularity and manufacturability to eventually minimize cost, time and risk of development and production.

scholarly journals On-Board Reagent Storage and Release by Solvent-Selective, Rotationally Opened Membranes – A Digital Twin Approach

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jens Ducrée
Keyword(s):  
Point Of Care ◽  
Spindle Motor ◽  
Digital Twin ◽  
Long Term Storage ◽  
Point Of Use ◽  
Resource Poor ◽  
Algorithmic Design ◽  
Novel Concept ◽  
Term Storage

Decentralized bioanalytical testing in resource-poor settings ranges among the prime applications of microfluidic systems. The high operational autonomy in such point-of-care / point-of-use scenarios requires on-board stored liquid reagents, which need to be safely contained during long-term storage, transport and handling, and reliably released prior to activation. Over the recent decades, centrifugal microfluidic technologies have demonstrated the capability of integrated, automated and parallelized sample preparation and detection of bioanalytical protocols. This paper introduces a novel concept for onboard storage of liquid reagents which can be delivered in a well-defined manner by a rotational stimulus of the system-innate spindle motor, while still aligning with the conceptual simplicity of such “Lab-on-a-Disc” (LoaD) concepts. The reagent storage technology is captured by a digital twin which allows making complex performance analysis and algorithmic design optimization according to given objectives as expressed by target metrics.

scholarly journals Secure Air Traffic Control at the Hub of Multiplexing on the Centrifugo-Pneumatic Lab-On-a-Disc Platform

Micromachines ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (6) ◽  
pp. 700
Author(s):  
Jens Ducrée
Keyword(s):  
Flow Control ◽  
Traffic Control ◽  
Performance Metrics ◽  
Point Of Care ◽  
Retention Rates ◽  
Efficient Design ◽  
Frequency Space ◽  
Digital Twin ◽  
Algorithmic Optimization ◽  
Point Of Use

Fluidic larger-scale integration (LSI) resides at the heart of comprehensive sample-to-answer automation and parallelization of assay panels for frequent and ubiquitous bioanalytical testing in decentralized point-of-use/point-of-care settings. This paper develops a novel “digital twin” strategy with an emphasis on rotational, centrifugo-pneumatic flow control. The underlying model systematically connects retention rates of rotationally actuated valves as a key element of LSI to experimental input parameters; for the first time, the concept of band widths in frequency space as the decisive quantity characterizing operational robustness is introduced, a set of quantitative performance metrics guiding algorithmic optimization of disc layouts is defined, and the engineering principles of advanced, logical flow control and timing are elucidated. Overall, the digital twin enables efficient design for automating multiplexed bioassay protocols on such “Lab-on-a-Disc” (LoaD) systems featuring high packing density, reliability, configurability, modularity, and manufacturability to eventually minimize cost, time, and risk of development and production.

scholarly journals Anti-Counterfeit Technologies for Microfluidic “Lab-on-a-Disc” Systems

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jens Ducrée
Keyword(s):  
Flow Control ◽  
Point Of Care ◽  
Significant Risk ◽  
Online Database ◽  
Medical Products ◽  
Digital Twin ◽  
Economy Of Scale ◽  
Microfluidic Flow ◽  
Significant Damage ◽  
Hardware Encryption

Non-genuine medical products, including diagnostic devices, have become a lucrative business for fraudsters, causing significant damage to revenues and reputation of companies, as well as posing a significant risk to the health of people and societies. Along a “digital twin” representing centrifugal microfluidic flow control on exemplary “Lab-on-a-Disc” (LoaD) systems, a novel, two-pronged strategy to safeguard miniaturized point-of-care devices by means of secret features and manufacturing challenges is outlined; such “hardware encryption” is flexibly programmed for each chip during production, and deciphered from a secure, local or online database at the time of use. This way, unlicensed copying may be efficiently deterred by an unfavourable economy-of-scale, even in absence of legal prosecution.

scholarly journals Rapid Isothermal Amplification and Portable Detection System for SARS-CoV-2

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Ganguli ◽  
A. Mostafa ◽  
J. Berger ◽  
M. Aydin ◽  
F. Sun ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Limit Of Detection ◽  
Detection System ◽  
Point Of Care ◽  
Rna Extraction ◽  
Clinical Diagnostics ◽  
Isothermal Amplification ◽  
Sample Collection ◽  
Rt Pcr ◽  
Point Of Use ◽  
Viral Transport Medium

AbstractThe COVID-19 pandemic provides an urgent example where a gap exists between availability of state-of-the-art diagnostics and current needs. As assay details and primer sequences become widely known, many laboratories could perform diagnostic tests using methods such as RT-PCR or isothermal RT-LAMP amplification. A key advantage of RT-LAMP based approaches compared to RT-PCR is that RT-LAMP is known to be robust in detecting targets from unprocessed samples. In addition, RT-LAMP assays are performed at a constant temperature enabling speed, simplicity, and point-of-use testing. Here, we provide the details of an RT-LAMP isothermal assay for the detection of SARS-CoV-2 virus with performance comparable to currently approved tests using RT-PCR. We characterize the assay by introducing swabs in virus spiked synthetic nasal fluids, moving the swab to viral transport medium (VTM), and using a volume of that VTM for performing the amplification without an RNA extraction kit. The assay has a Limit-of-Detection (LOD) of 50 RNA copies/μL in the VTM solution within 20 minutes, and LOD of 5000 RNA copies/μL in the nasal solution. Additionally, we show the utility of this assay for real-time point-of-use testing by demonstrating detection of SARS-CoV-2 virus in less than 40 minutes using an additively manufactured cartridge and a smartphone-based reader. Finally, we explore the speed and cost advantages by comparing the required resources and workflows with RT-PCR. This work could accelerate the development and availability of SARS-CoV-2 diagnostics by proving alternatives to conventional laboratory benchtop tests.Significance StatementAn important limitation of the current assays for the detection of SARS-CoV-2 stem from their reliance on time- and labor-intensive and laboratory-based protocols for viral isolation, lysis, and removal of inhibiting materials. While RT-PCR remains the gold standard for performing clinical diagnostics to amplify the RNA sequences, there is an urgent need for alternative portable platforms that can provide rapid and accurate diagnosis, potentially at the point-of-use. Here, we present the details of an isothermal amplification-based detection of SARS-CoV-2, including the demonstration of a smartphone-based point-of-care device that can be used at the point of sample collection.

scholarly journals An Overview of Digital Twin Concept for Key Components of Renewable Energy Systems

2021 ◽  
Vol 8 ◽  
pp. 29-47
Author(s):  
Qiying Li
Keyword(s):  
Renewable Energy ◽  
Condition Monitoring ◽  
Asset Management ◽  
Energy System ◽  
Operational Reliability ◽  
Energy Structure ◽  
Low Carbon ◽  
Operation Condition ◽  
Digital Twin ◽  
Renewable Energy System

Renewable energy (RE) is green and low-carbon energy, which can not only protect the environment, promote the technological diversification of the energy supply system, accelerate the adjustment of energy structure, but also has important significance for the sustainable development of economy. With the increasing complexity of the problems of renewable energy system asset management and ensuring the operational reliability of electric power equipment, it's necessary to establish remote, online, reliable monitoring and inspection techniques for the state evaluation of electrical equipment during the full life cycle. In order to meet these demands, the digital twin is a very suitable technology. In recent years, there are numerous scientific papers demonstrating DT's capabilities in virtual simulation, condition monitoring (CM), power optimization and fault diagnosis for RE generation systems, transmission and transformation equipment and storage systems. The majority of the research focusing on product design, maintenance of operation, condition monitoring and fault decision-making has provided many valuable contributions to academia and industrial fields. Nevertheless, all this valuable information is scattered over many literatures and it is lack of systematic generalization. In this article, different applications of DT technology in RE system are analyzed, advanced methods and theories are summarized comprehensively, and the development trend of DT technology in renewable energy system in the future is introduced.

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