scholarly journals Shock Absorption Characteristics and Optimal Design of Corrugated Fiberboard Using Drop Testing

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (13) ◽  
pp. 5815
Author(s):  
Chien-Chih Wang ◽  
Chin-Hua Chen ◽  
Bernard C. Jiang
Keyword(s):  
Impact Strength ◽  
Multiple Testing ◽  
Model Verification ◽  
Fractional Factorial ◽  
Package Design ◽  
Buffer Material ◽  
Key Variables ◽  
Packaging Structure ◽  
Corrugated Fiberboard ◽  
Corrugated Paper

The application of corrugated paper to buffer packaging has increased with the rise of the circular economy. The dynamic buffer curve is the key to designing the buffer packaging structure but requires multiple testing by small- and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs) without resources. In this study, we propose drop testing to perform a fractional factorial experiment and establish a regression model of impact strength through experimental data. The analysis results show that static stress, falling height, and buffer material thickness are the key variables of impact strength, and an impact strength prediction model (R2 = 94.1%) was obtained. Model verification using the buffer package design of a personal computer showed that the measured values of impact strength fell within the estimated 95% confidence interval. These results indicate that SMEs can use the proposed analysis procedure to improve the design of corrugated paper using minimal resources.

A Parametric Approach to Vehicle Seating Buck Design

2004 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nanxin Wang ◽  
Jian Wan ◽  
Gianna Gomez-Levi
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
Spatial Configuration ◽  
Vehicle Design ◽  
Design Decision ◽  
Parametric Approach ◽  
Vehicle Interior ◽  
Package Design ◽  
Spatial Environment ◽  
Entire Vehicle ◽  
Packaging Structure

Vehicle package development is an important part of the entire vehicle design. It consists of determining the occupant’s spatial environment, the vehicle’s mechanical spatial configuration and the overall exterior/interior dimensions while meeting the engineering requirements, including packaging, structure, manufacturing, etc. Developing and verifying the occupant compartment configuration is usually conducted by using a seating buck. To build a seating buck, vehicle interior surfaces are generated in CAD using vehicle exterior surfaces, package layouts and master sections. During early program stages, this information is scattered, incomplete and constantly changing, which makes the seating buck creation challenging and the package design decision-making more difficult. A new method has been developed to quickly generate the seating buck surfaces from scattered information. It has shown to significantly reduce the time conventionally required for the seating buck surface modeling. This paper documents the method and process and summarizes the potential of the method and its impact on vehicle package design.

scholarly journals Genome-wide circadian rhythm detection methods: systematic evaluations and practical guidelines

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Wenwen Mei ◽  
Zhiwen Jiang ◽  
Yang Chen ◽  
Li Chen ◽  
Aziz Sancar ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Circadian Rhythm ◽  
Circadian Rhythms ◽  
Multiple Testing ◽  
Missing Values ◽  
Detection Methods ◽  
Genome Wide ◽  
Different Types ◽  
Practical Guidelines ◽  
Key Variables ◽  
Traditional Approaches

Abstract Circadian rhythms are oscillations of behavior, physiology and metabolism in many organisms. Recent advancements in omics technology make it possible for genome-wide profiling of circadian rhythms. Here, we conducted a comprehensive analysis of seven existing algorithms commonly used for circadian rhythm detection. Using gold-standard circadian and non-circadian genes, we systematically evaluated the accuracy and reproducibility of the algorithms on empirical datasets generated from various omics platforms under different experimental designs. We also carried out extensive simulation studies to test each algorithm’s robustness to key variables, including sampling patterns, replicates, waveforms, signal-to-noise ratios, uneven samplings and missing values. Furthermore, we examined the distributions of the nominal $P$-values under the null and raised issues with multiple testing corrections using traditional approaches. With our assessment, we provide method selection guidelines for circadian rhythm detection, which are applicable to different types of high-throughput omics data.

scholarly journals FRACTAL APPROACH TO EROSION THRESHOLD OF BENTONITES

Fractals ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 26 (02) ◽  
pp. 1840012 ◽  
Author(s):  
Y. F. XU ◽  
X. Y. LI
Keyword(s):  
Fractal Model ◽  
Model Verification ◽  
Surface Erosion ◽  
Clay Particles ◽  
Fractal Approach ◽  
Erosion Threshold ◽  
Proposed Model ◽  
Buffer Material ◽  
High Sorption ◽  
High Level

Bentonite has been considered as a candidate buffer material for the disposal of high-level radioactive waste (HLW) because of its low permeability, high sorption capacity, self-sealing characteristics and durability in a natural environment. Bentonite erosion caused by groundwater flow may take place at the interface of the compacted bentonite and fractured granite. Surface erosion of bentonite flocs is represented typically as an erosion threshold. Predicting the erosion threshold of bentonite flocs requires taking into account cohesion, which results from interactions between clay particles. Beyond the usual dependence on grain size, a significant correlation between erosion threshold and porosity measurements is confirmed for bentonite flocs. A fractal model for erosion threshold of bentonite flocs is proposed. Cohesion forces, the long-range van der Waals interaction between two clay particles are taken as the resource of the erosion threshold. The model verification is conducted by the comparison with experiments published in the literature. The results show that the proposed model for erosion threshold is in good agreement with the experimental data.

scholarly journals Genome-wide circadian rhythm detection methods: systematic evaluations and practical guidelines

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Wenwen Mei ◽  
Zhiwen Jiang ◽  
Yang Chen ◽  
Li Chen ◽  
Aziz Sancar ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Circadian Rhythm ◽  
Gold Standard ◽  
Multiple Testing ◽  
Missing Values ◽  
Simulation Studies ◽  
Signal To Noise ◽  
Circadian Genes ◽  
Genome Wide ◽  
Different Types ◽  
Key Variables

ABSTRACTCircadian rhythms are oscillations of behavior, physiology, and metabolism in many organisms. Recent advancements in omics technology make it possible for genome-wide profiling of circadian rhythms. Here, we conducted a comprehensive analysis of seven existing algorithms commonly used for circadian rhythm detection. Using gold-standard circadian and non-circadian genes, we systematically evaluated the accuracy and reproducibility of the algorithms on empirical datasets generated from various omics platforms under different experimental designs. We also carried out extensive simulation studies to test each algorithm’s robustness to key variables, including sampling patterns, replicates, waveforms, signal-to-noise ratios, uneven samplings, and missing values. Furthermore, we examined the distributions of the nominal p-values under the null and raised issues with multiple testing corrections using traditional approaches. With our assessment, we provide method selection guidelines for circadian rhythm detection, which are applicable to different types of high-throughput omics data.Key pointsVarious methods have been developed for circadian rhythm detection on a genome-wide scale using omics technologies, yet there has not been a comprehensive summary and evaluation of all existing methods to date.Using gold-standard circadian and non-circadian genes, we systematically evaluated the accuracy and reproducibility of seven existing algorithms for circadian rhythm detection on empirical datasets generated from various omics platforms.We carried out extensive simulation studies to test each algorithm’s robustness to key variables, including sampling patterns, replicates, waveforms, signal-to-noise ratios, uneven samplings, and missing values.We examined the distributions of the nominal p-values under the null and raised issues with multiple testing corrections using the Benjamini-Hochberg procedure due to gene-gene correlation and testing being overly conservative.We provide method selection guidelines for circadian rhythm detection, which are applicable to different types of high-throughput omics data.

scholarly journals Correction: Key Variables for Effective eHealth Designs for Individuals With and Without Mental Health Disorders: 2^12-4 Fractional Factorial Experiment (Preprint)

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Armando J Rotondi ◽  
Jonathan Grady ◽  
Barbara H Hanusa ◽  
Gretchen L Haas ◽  
Michael R Spring ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Mental Health Disorders ◽  
Fractional Factorial ◽  
Factorial Experiment ◽  
Key Variables ◽  
Health Disorders

UNSTRUCTURED REMOVE

Referral Patterns for Youths Identified at Risk for Suicide by Trained Gatekeepers

Crisis ◽  
2012 ◽  
Vol 33 (2) ◽  
pp. 113-119 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michael S. Rodi ◽  
Lucas Godoy Garraza ◽  
Christine Walrath ◽  
Robert L. Stephens ◽  
D. Susanne Condron ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Suicide Prevention ◽  
Demographic Characteristics ◽  
Service Access ◽  
Referral Patterns ◽  
Race And Gender ◽  
Lee Smith ◽  
Prevention Behavior ◽  
Key Variables ◽  
And Gender ◽  
To Receive

Background: In order to better understand the posttraining suicide prevention behavior of gatekeeper trainees, the present article examines the referral and service receipt patterns among gatekeeper-identified youths. Methods: Data for this study were drawn from 26 Garrett Lee Smith grantees funded between October 2005 and October 2009 who submitted data about the number, characteristics, and service access of identified youths. Results: The demographic characteristics of identified youths are not related to referral type or receipt. Furthermore, referral setting does not seem to be predictive of the type of referral. Demographic as well as other (nonrisk) characteristics of the youths are not key variables in determining identification or service receipt. Limitations: These data are not necessarily representative of all youths identified by gatekeepers represented in the dataset. The prevalence of risk among all members of the communities from which these data are drawn is unknown. Furthermore, these data likely disproportionately represent gatekeepers associated with systems that effectively track gatekeepers and youths. Conclusions: Gatekeepers appear to be identifying youth across settings, and those youths are being referred for services without regard for race and gender or the settings in which they are identified. Furthermore, youths that may be at highest risk may be more likely to receive those services.

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