scholarly journals Semantic Microservice Framework for Digital Twins

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (12) ◽  
pp. 5633
Author(s):  
Gernot Steindl ◽  
Wolfgang Kastner
Keyword(s):  
Industrial Process ◽  
Workflow Engine ◽  
Sensor Data ◽  
Enabling Technology ◽  
Service Orchestration ◽  
Physical Systems ◽  
Semantic Web Technology ◽  
Digital Twins ◽  
Service Framework

Digital Twins (DT) in industrial cyber-physical systems are the key enabling technology for Industry 4.0. Services are an essential part of almost every DT concept, but their interaction is usually implementation-specific since no common guidelines are available. This work identifies some fundamental requirements for a DT service framework based on applications identified in corresponding literature. Based on these requirements, a service framework architecture is proposed. The architecture utilizes Semantic Web technology and a workflow engine for service orchestration to support the fulfilment of the identified requirements. As a case study for sensor data evaluation of an industrial process, a proof-of-concept implementation is presented, showing the feasibility and suitability of the proposed DT service framework architecture.

Hidden Markov model-based digital twin construction for futuristic manufacturing systems

2019 ◽  
Vol 33 (03) ◽  
pp. 317-331 ◽  
Author(s):  
Angkush Kumar Ghosh ◽  
AMM Sharif Ullah ◽  
Akihiko Kubo
Keyword(s):  
Manufacturing Systems ◽  
Markov Models ◽  
Transition Probabilities ◽  
Hidden Markov ◽  
Physical Systems ◽  
Digital Twin ◽  
Digital Twins ◽  
Model Component ◽  
Grinding Operations

AbstractThis paper addresses the construction of digital twins (exact mirror images of real-world in cyberspace) using hidden Markov models for the futuristic manufacturing systems known as Industry 4.0. The proposed digital twin consists of two components namely model component and simulation component. The model component forms a Markov chain that encapsulates the dynamics underlying the phenomenon by using some discrete states and their transition probabilities. The simulation component recreates the phenomenon using a Monte Carlo simulation process. The efficacy of the proposed digital twin construction methodology is shown by a case study, where the digital twin of the surface roughness of a surface created by successive grinding operations is described. The developers of the cyber-physical systems will be benefitted from the outcomes of this study because these systems need the computable virtual abstractions of the manufacturing phenomena to address the issues related to the maturity index of futuristic manufacturing systems (i.e., understand, predict, decide, and adopt).

scholarly journals Exploring gestural input for engineering surveys of real-life structures in virtual reality using photogrammetric 3D models

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sławomir Konrad Tadeja ◽  
Yupu Lu ◽  
Maciej Rydlewicz ◽  
Wojciech Rydlewicz ◽  
Tomasz Bubas ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Virtual Reality ◽  
Real Life ◽  
3D Models ◽  
Sensor Data ◽  
Gaze Tracking ◽  
Domain Experts ◽  
Digital Twins ◽  
Physical Objects ◽  
Gestural Input

AbstractPhotogrammetry is a promising set of methods for generating photorealistic 3D models of physical objects and structures. Such methods may rely solely on camera-captured photographs or include additional sensor data. Digital twins are digital replicas of physical objects and structures. Photogrammetry is an opportune approach for generating 3D models for the purpose of preparing digital twins. At a sufficiently high level of quality, digital twins provide effective archival representations of physical objects and structures and become effective substitutes for engineering inspections and surveying. While photogrammetric techniques are well-established, insights about effective methods for interacting with such models in virtual reality remain underexplored. We report the results of a qualitative engineering case study in which we asked six domain experts to carry out engineering measurement tasks in an immersive environment using bimanual gestural input coupled with gaze-tracking. The qualitative case study revealed that gaze-supported bimanual interaction of photogrammetric 3D models is a promising modality for domain experts. It allows the experts to efficiently manipulate and measure elements of the 3D model. To better allow designers to support this modality, we report design implications distilled from the feedback from the domain experts.

scholarly journals DOLARS, a Distributed On-Line Activity Recognition System by Means of Heterogeneous Sensors in Real-Life Deployments—A Case Study in the Smart Lab of The University of Almería

Sensors ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (2) ◽  
pp. 405
Author(s):  
Marcos Lupión ◽  
Javier Medina-Quero ◽  
Juan F. Sanjuan ◽  
Pilar M. Ortigosa
Keyword(s):  
Real Time ◽  
Activity Recognition ◽  
Real Life ◽  
Recognition System ◽  
Machine Learning Algorithms ◽  
Sensor Data ◽  
Heterogeneous Sensors ◽  
On Line ◽  
The University

Activity Recognition (AR) is an active research topic focused on detecting human actions and behaviours in smart environments. In this work, we present the on-line activity recognition platform DOLARS (Distributed On-line Activity Recognition System) where data from heterogeneous sensors are evaluated in real time, including binary, wearable and location sensors. Different descriptors and metrics from the heterogeneous sensor data are integrated in a common feature vector whose extraction is developed by a sliding window approach under real-time conditions. DOLARS provides a distributed architecture where: (i) stages for processing data in AR are deployed in distributed nodes, (ii) temporal cache modules compute metrics which aggregate sensor data for computing feature vectors in an efficient way; (iii) publish-subscribe models are integrated both to spread data from sensors and orchestrate the nodes (communication and replication) for computing AR and (iv) machine learning algorithms are used to classify and recognize the activities. A successful case study of daily activities recognition developed in the Smart Lab of The University of Almería (UAL) is presented in this paper. Results present an encouraging performance in recognition of sequences of activities and show the need for distributed architectures to achieve real time recognition.

scholarly journals A Design of the Resilient Enterprise: A Reference Architecture for Emergent Behaviors Control

Sensors ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 20 (22) ◽  
pp. 6672
Author(s):  
Rob Bemthuis ◽  
Maria-Eugenia Iacob ◽  
Paul Havinga
Keyword(s):  
Enterprise Architecture ◽  
Business Processes ◽  
Control Mechanisms ◽  
Reference Architecture ◽  
Systems Of Systems ◽  
Supply Chain Resilience ◽  
Physical Systems ◽  
Technological Advances ◽  
Emergent Behaviors

The sooner disruptive emergent behaviors are detected, the sooner preventive measures can be taken to ensure the resilience of business processes execution. Therefore, organizations need to prepare for emergent behaviors by embedding corrective control mechanisms, which help coordinate organization-wide behavior (and goals) with the behavior of local autonomous entities. Ongoing technological advances, brought by the Industry 4.0 and cyber-physical systems of systems paradigms, can support integration within complex enterprises, such as supply chains. In this paper, we propose a reference enterprise architecture for the detection and monitoring of emergent behaviors in enterprises. We focus on addressing the need for an adequate reaction to disruptions. Based on a systematic review of the literature on the topic of current architectural designs for understanding emergent behaviors, we distill architectural requirements. Our architecture is a hybrid as it combines distributed autonomous business logic (expressed in terms of simple business rules) and some central control mechanisms. We exemplify the instantiation and use of this architecture by means of a proof-of-concept implementation, using a multimodal logistics case study. The obtained results provide a basis for achieving supply chain resilience “by design”, i.e., through the design of coordination mechanisms that are well equipped to absorb and compensate for the effects of emergent disruptive behaviors.

Chemical Aspects of Onshore Crude Oils from the Carmópolis Field, Sergipe-Alagoas Basin, Brazil: A Case Study on the Industrial Process for Water–Oil Separation

2015 ◽  
Vol 29 (3) ◽  
pp. 1315-1322 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jandyson M. Santos ◽  
Flávia M. L. Santos ◽  
Rennan G. O. Araujo ◽  
Anselmo Carvalho Lessa ◽  
Jomery Pereira de Souza ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Industrial Process ◽  
Crude Oils ◽  
Oil Separation

Innovative real-time sensing of flow dynamics in groundwater and sediments to map contaminant spreading

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Goedele Verreydt ◽  
Niels Van Putte ◽  
Timothy De Kleyn ◽  
Joris Cool ◽  
Bino Maiheu
Keyword(s):  
Surface Water ◽  
Groundwater Flow ◽  
Real Time ◽  
Flow Direction ◽  
Flow Dynamics ◽  
Sensor Data ◽  
Time Data ◽  
Mass Fluxes ◽  
First Case

<p>Groundwater dynamics play a crucial role in the spreading of a soil and groundwater contamination. However, there is still a big gap in the understanding of the groundwater flow dynamics. Heterogeneities and dynamics are often underestimated and therefore not taken into account. They are of crucial input for successful management and remediation measures. The bulk of the mass of mass often is transported through only a small layer or section within the aquifer and is in cases of seepage into surface water very dependent to rainfall and occurring tidal effects.</p><p> </p><p>This study contains the use of novel real-time iFLUX sensors to map the groundwater flow dynamics over time. The sensors provide real-time data on groundwater flow rate and flow direction. The sensor probes consist of multiple bidirectional flow sensors that are superimposed. The probes can be installed directly in the subsoil, riverbed or monitoring well. The measurement setup is unique as it can perform measurements every second, ideal to map rapid changing flow conditions. The measurement range is between 0,5 and 500 cm per day.</p><p> </p><p>We will present the measurement principles and technical aspects of the sensor, together with two case studies.</p><p> </p><p>The first case study comprises the installation of iFLUX sensors in 4 different monitoring wells in a chlorinated solvent plume to map on the one hand the flow patterns in the plume, and on the other hand the flow dynamics that are influenced by the nearby popular trees. The foreseen remediation concept here is phytoremediation. The sensors were installed for a period of in total 4 weeks. Measurement frequency was 5 minutes. The flow profiles and time series will be presented together with the determined mass fluxes.</p><p> </p><p>A second case study was performed on behalf of the remediation of a canal riverbed. Due to industrial production of tar and carbon black in the past, the soil and groundwater next to the small canal ‘De Lieve’ in Ghent, Belgium, got contaminated with aliphatic and (poly)aromatic hydrocarbons. The groundwater contaminants migrate to the canal, impact the surface water quality and cause an ecological risk. The seepage flow and mass fluxes of contaminants into the surface water were measured with the novel iFLUX streambed sensors, installed directly in the river sediment. A site conceptual model was drawn and dimensioned based on the sensor data. The remediation concept to tackle the inflowing pollution: a hydraulic conductive reactive mat on the riverbed that makes use of the natural draining function of the waterbody, the adsorption capacity of a natural or secondary adsorbent and a future habitat for micro-organisms that biodegrade contaminants. The reactive mats were successfully installed and based on the mass flux calculations a lifespan of at least 10 years is expected for the adsorption material.  </p>

Practice Report “Smart Disaster Management” — Combining Smart City Data and Citizen Participation to Increase Disaster Resilience

i-com ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 20 (2) ◽  
pp. 177-193
Author(s):  
Daniel Wessel ◽  
Julien Holtz ◽  
Florian König
Keyword(s):  
Citizen Participation ◽  
Smart City ◽  
Development Process ◽  
Smart Cities ◽  
Government Support ◽  
Sensor Data ◽  
Specific Information ◽  
Mutual Support ◽  
The Everyday

Abstract Smart cities have a huge potential to increase the everyday efficiency of cities, but also to increase preparation and resilience in case of natural disasters. Especially for disasters which are somewhat predicable like floods, sensor data can be used to provide citizens with up-to-date, personalized and location-specific information (street or even house level resolution). This information allows citizens to better prepare to avert water damage to their property, reduce the needed government support, and — by connecting citizens locally — improve mutual support among neighbors. But how can a smart city application be designed that is both usable and able to function during disaster conditions? Which smart city information can be used? How can the likelihood of mutual, local support be increased? In this practice report, we present the human-centered development process of an app to use Smart City data to better prepare citizens for floods and improve their mutual support during disasters as a case study to answer these questions.

scholarly journals Improving Information management in resource as a service framework using gamification technique: a case study in Institut Pendidikan Guru Malaysia

2018 ◽  
Vol 7 (2.14) ◽  
pp. 70
Author(s):  
M Nordin A Rahman ◽  
WM Khairi ◽  
W Awang
Keyword(s):  
Competitive Advantage ◽  
Information Management ◽  
Teaching And Learning ◽  
Storage Management ◽  
Quality Of Services ◽  
Management Process ◽  
Different Types ◽  
Service Framework

The issue of information management is crucial for any academic institution. Convenient access to requested content is creating a competitive advantage for different types of decisions. Information management process in Institut Pendidikan Guru (IPG) often create problems because there is no systematic way of storage management. IPG lecturers stored their teaching materials in different kind of methods. This situation cause in a loss of resources, difficult to retrieve and also cannot be identified when it's needed. Dealing with large volumes of resources it is essential to use technological solutions that enable flexible storage, retrieval, processing and interpreting information. To solve the problems, this article introduced a framework that use single platform and named as Information Sharing for Learning (IS4L) for managing teaching and learning resources in IPG. The resources will be stored and can be accessed at any time. The framework also applied the technique of gamification to motivate and encourage users to use the application and consequently will increase the volume of resources stored. The developed application based on the proposed framework could help to motivate and engage peoples to share their resources and enhance quality of services in IPG. Finally it could assist to improve the performance and effectiveness of services to achieve users’ satisfaction. 

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