scholarly journals Exploring the Impact of Driver Adherence to Speed Limits and the Interdependence of Roadside Collisions in an Urban Environment: An Agent-Based Modelling Approach

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (12) ◽  
pp. 5336
Author(s):  
Sedar Olmez ◽  
Liam Douglas-Mann ◽  
Ed Manley ◽  
Keiran Suchak ◽  
Alison Heppenstall ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Traffic Congestion ◽  
Urban Environments ◽  
Traffic Density ◽  
Management Support ◽  
Speed Limits ◽  
Vehicle Collisions ◽  
Agent Based ◽  
Local Council ◽  
Agent Based Modelling ◽  
The Impact

Roadside collisions are a significant problem faced by all countries. Urbanisation has led to an increase in traffic congestion and roadside vehicle collisions. According to the UK Government’s Department for Transport, most vehicle collisions occur on urban roads, with empirical evidence showing drivers are more likely to break local and fixed speed limits in urban environments. Analysis conducted by the Department for Transport found that the UK’s accident prevention measure’s cost is estimated to be £33bn per year. Therefore, there is a strong motivation to investigate the causes of roadside collisions in urban environments to better prepare traffic management, support local council policies, and ultimately reduce collision rates. This study utilises agent-based modelling as a tool to plan, experiment and investigate the relationship between speeding and vehicle density with collisions. The study found that higher traffic density results in more vehicles travelling at a slower speed, regardless of the degree to which drivers comply with speed restrictions. Secondly, collisions increase linearly as speed compliance is reduced for all densities. Collisions are lowest when all vehicles comply with speed limits for all densities. Lastly, higher global traffic densities result in higher local traffic densities near-collision sites across all adherence levels, increasing the likelihood of congestion around these sites. This work, when extended to real-world applications using empirical data, can support effective road safety policies.

scholarly journals Modelling the impact of alternative educational qualifications on the New Zealand higher education system

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Stephen Marshall
Keyword(s):  
Higher Education ◽  
New Zealand ◽  
Education System ◽  
Historical Data ◽  
Social Phenomena ◽  
Agent Based ◽  
Higher Education System ◽  
Agent Based Modelling ◽  
Education And Employment ◽  
The Impact

Agent-based modelling provides a mechanism by which complex social phenomena can simulated in order to identify how particular features arise from causes such as demographics, human preferences and their interaction with policy settings. The NetLogo environment has been used to implement a simulation of the New Zealand higher education system, using historical data to calibrate model settings to mirror those of the real-world system. This simulation is used to explore how the introduction of an alternative qualification and education paradigm might disrupt established patterns of education and employment.

scholarly journals Is there a Need for Agent-based Modelling and Simulation in Business Process Management?

Organizacija ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 51 (4) ◽  
pp. 255-269 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michal Halaška ◽  
Roman Šperka
Keyword(s):  
Business Process ◽  
Business Process Management ◽  
Process Management ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Modelling And Simulation ◽  
Simulation Experiments ◽  
Agent Based ◽  
Agent Based Modelling ◽  
Advantages And Disadvantages ◽  
The Impact

AbstractBackground and Purpose: Agent-based modelling and simulation (ABS) is growing in many areas like, e.g., management, social and computer sciences. However, the similar trend does not seem to occur within the field of business process management (BPM), even though simulation approaches like discrete event simulation or system dynamics are well established and widely used. Thus, in our paper we investigate the advantages and disadvantages of agent-based modelling and simulation in the field of BPM in simulation experiments.Design/Methodology/Approach: In our research, we investigate if there is a necessity for ABS in the field of BPM with our own simulation experiments to compare traditional and ABS models. For this purpose, we use simulation framework MAREA, which is a simulation environment with integrated ERP system. Our model is a complex system of a trading company selling computer cables. For the verification of our model, we use automated process discovery techniques.Results: In our simulations, we investigated the impact of changes in resources’ behavior on the outcome of company’s order to cash process (O2C). Simulations experiments demonstrated that even small changes might have statistically significant effect on outcomes of the processes and decisions based on such outcomes. Simulation experiments also demonstrated that the impact of randomly distributed fluctuations of well-being have a diminishing tendency with the increasing number of sales representatives involved in the process.Conclusions: Our research revealed several advantages and disadvantages of using ABS in business process modelling. However, as we show, many of them were at least partially addressed in the recent years. Thus, we believe that ABS will get more attention in the field of BPM similarly to other fields like, e.g., social sciences. We suggested areas in BPM simulations, e.g., modelling of resources, be it human or technological resources, where there is a need for ABS.

An integrated control method based on the priority of ways in a freeway network

2016 ◽  
Vol 40 (3) ◽  
pp. 843-852 ◽  
Author(s):  
Minghui Ma ◽  
Shidong Liang
Keyword(s):  
Traffic Congestion ◽  
Control Method ◽  
Integrated Control ◽  
Adaptive Controller ◽  
Ramp Metering ◽  
Traffic Density ◽  
Variable Speed ◽  
Speed Limits ◽  
Variable Speed Limits ◽  
Freeway Networks

Traffic congestion is a common problem in merging regions of freeway networks. An adaptive integrated control method involving variable speed limits and ramp metering is presented with the aim of easing traffic congestion at merging regions. The problem of the imbalanced rights of ways of the upstream mainline and on-ramp at the merging region is solved by constructing the evaluation indices of congestion degree. Specifically, the traffic density and queue length of the upstream mainline and on-ramp are selected for use in the evaluation indices. Then, an adaptive controller is designed, integrating variable speed limits and ramp metering. The proposed method is tested in simulations considering a real freeway network in China calibrated by real traffic variables. The results show that the proposed adaptive integrated control method can prevent traffic flow breakdown and maintain a high outflow at the merging region during peak periods. The adaptive integrated control may lead to a 17% improvement in traffic delay.

traffic, urban

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Eric Poehler
Keyword(s):  
Urban Environments ◽  
Agent Based Modeling ◽  
Urban Traffic ◽  
Literary Analysis ◽  
Agent Based ◽  
Formal Systems ◽  
Area Of Interest ◽  
Ancient People ◽  
Object Of Study ◽  
The Impact

The movement of people, animals, and vehicles through the ancient urban environment had a significant impact on the shape of ancient cities, but as an object of study, urban traffic is a relatively recent area of interest, one that has tended to focus on the Roman world. The range of methods available to consider the topic, however, are relatively many, including literary analysis, archaeological field survey, and a battery of technical methods, such as Space Syntax, Network Analysis, and Agent-Based Modeling. In all of these approaches, two models of movement—pedestrian and vehicular—remain paramount. The results of studying urban traffic have shed new light on the impact of different forms of urban design, the ways in which ancient people navigated those designs, and norms and formal systems in place in urban environments to order the movement of people and vehicles.

scholarly journals Improving the impact of HIV pre-exposure prophylaxis implementation in small urban centers among men who have sex with men: An agent-based modelling study

PLoS ONE ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 13 (7) ◽  
pp. e0199915 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jason R. Gantenberg ◽  
Maximilian King ◽  
Madeline C. Montgomery ◽  
Omar Galárraga ◽  
Mattia Prosperi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Urban Centers ◽  
Agent Based ◽  
Agent Based Modelling ◽  
Sex With Men ◽  
Exposure Prophylaxis ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Modelling Study

scholarly journals Assessing the Plurality of Actors and Policy Interactions: Agent-Based Modelling of Renewable Energy Market Integration

Complexity ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 2017 ◽  
pp. 1-24 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marc Deissenroth ◽  
Martin Klein ◽  
Kristina Nienhaus ◽  
Matthias Reeg
Keyword(s):  
Renewable Energy ◽  
Market Integration ◽  
Renewable Energy Sources ◽  
Policy Instruments ◽  
Energy Market ◽  
Agent Based ◽  
Policy Interactions ◽  
Agent Based Modelling ◽  
The Impact

The ongoing deployment of renewable energy sources (RES) calls for an enhanced integration of RES into energy markets, accompanied by a new set of regulations. In Germany, for instance, the feed-in tariff legislation for renewables has been successively replaced by first optional and then obligatory marketing of RES on competitive wholesale markets. This paper introduces an agent-based model that allows studying the impact of changing energy policy instruments on the economic performance of RES operators and marketers. The model structure, its components, and linkages are presented in detail; an additional case study demonstrates the capability of our sociotechnical model. We find that changes in the political framework cannot be mapped directly to RES operators as behaviour of intermediary market actors has to be considered as well. Characteristics and strategies of intermediaries are thus an important factor for successful RES marketing and further deployment. It is shown that the model is able to assess the emergence and stability of market niches.

scholarly journals Investigations of agent-based modelling for inpatient healthcare systems

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Amirkiarash Kiani
Keyword(s):  
Quality Of Care ◽  
Recovery Time ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Patient Acuity ◽  
Agent Based ◽  
Agent Based Modelling ◽  
Novel Approach ◽  
Research Plan ◽  
The Impact

The goal of this research was to investigate the possibility of using Agent-based Modelling, a novel approach in computerized simulation, to assess the effects of staff ratio on recovery time and to develop an empirical research plan based on an inpatient unit. By creating a virtual unit, the researcher was able to develop an adjustable model to test several scenarios based on empirical evidence; to comprehend the impact of changes to staff ratio and patient acuity on nurses’ workload and quality of care to patients. This investigation found that acuity indices of patients have no significant effect on available recovery time or the number of unperformed activities. On the contrary, nurse/patient ratio has substantial effects on both available recovery time and the number of unperformed activities; which asserts the significant effect of insufficient nurse staffing on the well-being of nurses as well as quality of care to patients.

scholarly journals TOWARDS AN ABM-BASED FRAMEWORK FOR INVESTIGATING CONSUMER BEHAVIOUR IN THE INSURANCE INDUSTRY

Ekonomika ◽  
2010 ◽  
Vol 89 (2) ◽  
pp. 95-110
Author(s):  
Aurelija Ulbinaitė ◽  
Yannick Le Moullec
Keyword(s):  
Consumer Behaviour ◽  
Insurance Industry ◽  
External Factors ◽  
Agent Based ◽  
Income Levels ◽  
Agent Based Modelling ◽  
Financial Products ◽  
Insurance Product ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Demographic Features

This paper presents a framework that builds upon agent-based modelling for investigating the behaviour of consumers in the insurance industry. Consumers are modelled as agents and clustered in groups reflecting their income levels. Agents that model consumers are characterised by their socio-demographic features and interact with other insurance consumer-agents by means of local and global social networks. Furthermore, the environment in which they evolve models the impact of external factors such as mortality, disease and other accident rates as well as insurance culture. This makes that consumer-agents accumulate experience, improve their understanding and knowledge of financial products, and thus develop their perception of need for security and consider the usefulness of insurance services. In turn, the framework enables to model the construction of the customers’ insurance product purchase decision.p>

scholarly journals Agent Based Modelling and Simulation of Pedestrian Crowds in Panic Situations

2020 ◽  
Vol 5 ◽  
pp. A100
Author(s):  
Mohammed Alrashed ◽  
Jeff Shamma
Keyword(s):  
Collective Behavior ◽  
Specific Form ◽  
Dynamics Model ◽  
Collective Behaviors ◽  
Agent Based ◽  
Agent Based Modelling ◽  
Crowd Dynamics ◽  
Proposed Model ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Mass Events

The increasing occurrence of panic stampedes during mass events has motivated studying the impact of panic on crowd dynamics. Understanding the collective behaviors of panic stampedes is essential to reducing the risk of deadly crowd disasters. In this work, we use an agent-based formulation to model the collective human behavior in such crowd dynamics. We investigate the impact of panic behavior on crowd dynamics, as a specific form of collective behavior, by introducing a contagious panic parameter. The proposed model describes the intensity and spread of panic through the crowd. The corresponding panic parameter impacts each individual to represent a different variety of behaviors that can be associated with panic situations such as escaping danger, clustering, and pushing. Simulation results show contagious panic and pushing behavior, resulting in a more realistic crowd dynamics model.

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