scholarly journals Study of Heavy Metals Pollution and Vitellogenin Levels in Brown Trout (Salmo trutta trutta) Wild Fish Populations

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (11) ◽  
pp. 4965
Author(s):  
Carmine Merola ◽  
Angelo Bisegna ◽  
Giovanni Angelozzi ◽  
Annamaria Conte ◽  
Maria Cesarina Abete ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metals ◽  
Brown Trout ◽  
Inductively Coupled Plasma ◽  
Salmo Trutta ◽  
Inductively Coupled ◽  
Direct Mercury Analyzer ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Brown Trout Salmo Trutta ◽  
Mercury Analyzer ◽  
High Concentrations

The objectives of this research were, first, to determine the concentrations of certain heavy metals in the edible tissue of wild brown trout (Salmo trutta trutta) from two different rivers located in the Abruzzi region (Italy), and then, to investigate the levels of variation in vitellogenin (VTG) associated with the presence of metalloestrogens. VTG is an effective indicator for endocrine disturbance, and an increase in the vitellogenin levels in male fish is widely employed as a biomarker of estrogenic contamination in the aquatic environment. The muscles of the trout were analyzed for As, Cd, Co, Cr, Ni, Pb, Al, and Zn using an inductively coupled plasma-mass spectrometer (ICP-MS), and Hg was measured using a direct mercury analyzer (DMA-80). The calculated values of the condition factor confirmed a healthy status for this species, indicating that the aquatic habit in both rivers is suitable for brown trout life. No significant difference in the concentrations of each metal were reported between the trout from the two rivers, and no significant difference for VTG levels were found between male and female fish. It is interesting to note the high concentrations of Al/Zn, while the Pb, Cd, and Hg concentrations in all of the samples were lower than those established by the European Commission.

scholarly journals Determination and Assessment of the Toxic Heavy Metal Elements Abstracted from the Traditional Plant Cosmetics and Medical Remedies: Case Study of Libya

2019 ◽  
Vol 16 (11) ◽  
pp. 1957 ◽  
Author(s):  
Aiman M. Bobaker ◽  
Intisar Alakili ◽  
Sukiman B. Sarmani ◽  
Nadhir Al-Ansari ◽  
Zaher Mundher Yaseen
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metals ◽  
Heavy Metal ◽  
Inductively Coupled Plasma ◽  
Tree Bark ◽  
Toxic Heavy Metal ◽  
Potential Health ◽  
Inductively Coupled ◽  
Walnut Tree ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Plasma Mass Spectrometry

Henna and walnut tree bark are widely used by Libyan women as cosmetics. They may contain lead (Pb), cadmium (Cd) and arsenic (As), which, in turn, pose a high risk to their health. This study aims to determine the levels of Pb, Cd and As in henna and walnut tree bark products sold in Libyan markets. The products were analyzed for their Pb, Cd and As content by using inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (ICP-MS) after a microwave acid digestion. The results showed a significant difference between the henna and walnut tree bark samples in terms of their heavy metals content (p < 0.05). The highest heavy metal concentrations were observed in the walnut tree bark samples whereas the lowest was observed in the henna samples. In addition, 60% of the henna and 90% of the walnut tree bark samples contained Pb levels and approximately 80% of the henna and 90% the walnut tree bark samples contained Cd levels, which are much higher than the tolerance limit. However, As concentrations in all the samples were lower. The results indicated that such cosmetics expose consumers to high levels of Pb and Cd and hence, to potential health risks. Thus, studying the sources and effects of heavy metals in such cosmetics is strongly recommended.

The physiological impairment of free-ranging brown trout exposed to metals in the Clark Fork River, Montana

1995 ◽  
Vol 52 (9) ◽  
pp. 2038-2050 ◽  
Author(s):  
Aïda M. Farag ◽  
Mark A. Stansbury ◽  
Harold L. Bergman ◽  
Christer Hogstrand ◽  
Elizabeth MacConnell
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Brown Trout ◽  
Salmo Trutta ◽  
Fish Population ◽  
Western United States ◽  
Reference Sites ◽  
Clark Fork River ◽  
Brown Trout Salmo Trutta ◽  
Upper Clark Fork River ◽  
High Concentrations

Tissue metal accumulation and physiological responses were measured in brown trout (Salmo trutta) collected from two sites on the Clark Fork River, Montana, and two reference sites to determine the health status of the resident fish population. Concentrations of metals in tissues, products of lipid peroxidation, and microscopic Cu inclusions were significantly higher in fish collected from the upper Clark Fork River site than in fish from reference sites. Metallothionein concentrations were higher in the livers of fish from the upper Clark Fork River than in those of fish from reference sites. The health of the fish population in the upper Clark Fork River is probably impaired because of previously reported elevated concentrations of metals including As, Cd, Cu, Pb, and Zn in the surface water and aquatic invertebrates in the upper Clark Fork River. The high concentrations of metals in the surface waters and sediments of the Clark Fork River are typical of rivers in the intermountain western United States where discharges from mining activities have occurred since the late 1800s. Thus, our findings can be used as a guide for researchers throughout the intermountain western United States who may investigate similar field conditions.

scholarly journals Changes in intestinal microbiota and humoral immune response following probiotic administration in brown trout (Salmo trutta)

2007 ◽  
Vol 97 (3) ◽  
pp. 522-527 ◽  
Author(s):  
José Luis Balcázar ◽  
Ignacio de Blas ◽  
Imanol Ruiz-Zarzuela ◽  
Daniel Vendrell ◽  
Ana Cristina Calvo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Brown Trout ◽  
Salmo Trutta ◽  
Humoral Response ◽  
Lysozyme Activity ◽  
Control Fish ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Humoral Immune ◽  
Colony Forming Units ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Brown Trout Salmo Trutta

We studied the effect of several lactic acid bacteria (LAB) on the humoral response of brown trout (Salmo trutta). LAB groups (Lactococcus(Lc.)lactisssp.lactis,Lactobacillus(Lb.)sakeiandLeuconostoc(Leu.)mesenteroides) were administered orally at 106colony-forming units/g feed to brown trout for 2 weeks, after which fish were switched to an unsupplemented feed. Blood and intestinal samples were taken from the onset of feeding supplemented diets at 1, 2, 3 and 4 weeks. During the LAB-feeding period,Lc. lactisssp.lactis,Lb. sakeiandLeu. mesenteroidespersisted in the fish intestines, but the number of LAB slowly decreased in the intestines after changing to the unsupplemented diet. OnlyLb. lactisssp.lactisandLeu. mesenteroideswere detected at levels above 1 × 102colony-forming units/g at the end of the fourth week. In comparison to untreated control fish, the alternative complement activity in the serum was found to be significantly greater in all LAB groups at the end of the second week. Groups supplemented withLc. lactisssp.lactisandLeu. mesenteroidesexhibited an elevated level of lysozyme activity at the end of the third week, but the group supplemented withLb. sakeidid not exhibit any significant change in lysozyme activity. Serum immunoglobulin levels were higher compared with the control group, but there was no significant difference between the LAB and control groups.

Direct mercury analysis in environmental solids by ICP-MS with on-line sample ashing and mercury pre-concentration using a direct mercury analyzer

2015 ◽  
Vol 30 (7) ◽  
pp. 1668-1672 ◽  
Author(s):  
Derek D. Bussan ◽  
Ryan F. Sessums ◽  
James V. Cizdziel
Keyword(s):  
Inductively Coupled Plasma ◽  
Atomic Absorption Spectrophotometry ◽  
Inductively Coupled ◽  
Absorption Spectrophotometry ◽  
Mercury Analysis ◽  
Direct Mercury Analyzer ◽  
Icp Ms ◽  
On Line ◽  
Mercury Analyzer ◽  
Line Sample

A commercially available direct mercury analyzer (DMA) based on sample combustion, pre-concentration by amalgamation with gold, and atomic absorption spectrophotometry (AAS) was coupled to a sector field inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometer (ICP-MS).

scholarly journals Heavy metals in mangrove sediments along the Selangor River, Malaysia

2019 ◽  
Vol 3 (2) ◽  
pp. 278
Author(s):  
Laurna Nyangon ◽  
Ahmad Nur Syahmi Zainal ◽  
Ahmad Mustapha Mohamad Pazi ◽  
Seca Gandaseca
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metals ◽  
Electrical Conductivity ◽  
Inductively Coupled Plasma ◽  
Chemical Properties ◽  
Sediment Texture ◽  
Mangrove Sediments ◽  
Inductively Coupled ◽  
Anaerobic Soils ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Strong Winds

Mangroves are woody plants that grow at the interface between land and sea in tropical and subtropical latitudes where they exist in conditions of high salinity, extreme tides, strong winds, high temperature, and muddy anaerobic soils. The objectives of this study were to determine the selected heavy metals Copper (Cu), Zinc (Zn) and Lead (Pb) contamination in mangrove sediments at the Selangor River, Kampung Kuantan, Kuala Selangor, Selangor, Malaysia; and to compare heavy metals content in mangrove sediments between different plots and different sediment depths. Physical properties (sediment texture and sediment moisture) and chemical properties (pH water, electrical conductivity, and selected heavy metals) of sediments were determined by different plots and depths. The element of Pb was analyzed using the Inductively Coupled Plasma (ICP), whereas Cu and Zn using the Atomic Absorption Spectrometer (AAS). Data obtained were analyzed using the Statistical Analysis System (SAS) version 9.4 software. The results showed that the sediment texture was in the class of sandy clay, and soil moisture in all plots and at all depths were high. The contamination of sediment is affected by many factors, including soil pH and soil electrical conductivity. Cu, Zn and PB in sediment were determined around 1.00-10.60 mg/kg, 215.40-259.00 mg/kg and 18.83-28.59 mg/kg respectively, and were found to experience a significant difference between the plots, but not a significant difference between depths. The sediment in all plots and at all depths was contaminated with these heavy metals because of it being surrounded by residential and industrial areas, combined with particular recreational activities, agriculture and fishing along the Selangor River.

scholarly journals Brown trout (Salmo trutta) growth and condition along a winter thermal gradient in temperate streams

2017 ◽  
Vol 74 (1) ◽  
pp. 56-64 ◽  
Author(s):  
W.E. French ◽  
B. Vondracek ◽  
L.C. Ferrington ◽  
J.C. Finlay ◽  
D.J. Dieterman
Keyword(s):  
Water Temperature ◽  
Brown Trout ◽  
Thermal Regime ◽  
Salmo Trutta ◽  
Stream Water ◽  
Juvenile Fish ◽  
Late Winter ◽  
Caloric Density ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Brown Trout Salmo Trutta

Winter harshness and the degree to which it can impact stream-dwelling salmonid populations has received considerable attention from fisheries biologists, although some debate exists regarding the importance of winter severity for local populations. Groundwater input may buffer stream water temperature and benefit fish in buffered versus unbuffered streams. Overwinter growth and condition of individual brown trout were measured in 24 groundwater-dominated streams, and the relations between winter growth and condition to stream thermal regime (quantified by regressions of air and water temperature) and diet quality (amount and caloric density of prey) were examined in a subset of 16 streams. Brown trout (Salmo trutta) growth rate (mg·g−1·day−1) was positive overwinter in 18 of 24 streams, and there was no significant change in condition between early and late winter. Juvenile fish grew faster than adults, but there was no significant difference in condition between adults and juveniles. Thermal regime positively influenced winter growth for both adults and juveniles, likely mediated through moderation of water temperature by groundwater, whereas diet had no significant effect on growth.

Metallothionein and Heavy Metals in Brown Trout (Salmo trutta) and European Eel (Anguilla anguilla): A Comparative Study

1999 ◽  
Vol 44 (2) ◽  
pp. 168-173 ◽  
Author(s):  
A.R. Linde ◽  
S. Sánchez-Galán ◽  
D. Klein ◽  
E. García-Vázquez ◽  
K.H. Summer
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metals ◽  
Comparative Study ◽  
Brown Trout ◽  
Salmo Trutta ◽  
Anguilla Anguilla ◽  
European Eel ◽  
Brown Trout Salmo Trutta

A comparison between the helminth burdens of male and female brown trout, Salmo trutta L., from a natural population in the River Teify, West Wales

Parasitology ◽  
1964 ◽  
Vol 54 (2) ◽  
pp. 263-272 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. D. Thomas
Keyword(s):  
Natural Population ◽  
Brown Trout ◽  
Salmo Trutta ◽  
Male And Female ◽  
Ecological Resistance ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Brown Trout Salmo Trutta ◽  
Sexually Mature ◽  
Age And Sex

Nine hundred and five brown trout were collected from the River Teify, West Wales, over a period of 12 months and their helminth infestations are considered in relation to the age and sex of the host and season.Only one statistically significant difference could be detected between levels of infestation in male and female trout of 1 and 2 years of age.When trout of 3 years of age and over were spawning or recovering from the effects of spawning there is a tendency for sexually mature females to be more heavily infested with some parasites than the males. During the season of growth and maturation of the gonads this trend was reversed or became less marked. In the case of fish that were not spent or spawning the statistically significant differences showed the males to be more heavily infested than the females.The possible reasons for these variations are discussed with particular reference to the roles of ‘physiological’ and ‘behavioural’ or ecological resistance'.

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