scholarly journals Towards Improving the Durability and Overall Performance of PV-ETICS by Application of a PCM Layer

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (10) ◽  
pp. 4667
Author(s):  
Dariusz Heim ◽  
Anna Wieprzkowicz ◽  
Dominika Knera ◽  
Simo Ilomets ◽  
Targo Kalamees ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Power Flow ◽  
Thermal Stabilization ◽  
Thermal Ageing ◽  
Electricity Production ◽  
Latent Heat Storage ◽  
Local Climate ◽  
Building Performance Simulation ◽  
Building Integrated Photovoltaics ◽  
Pv Panel ◽  
Overall Performance

The main goal of the paper was to numerically analyse the risk of overheating of the Energy Activated External Thermal Insulation Composite System (En-ActivETICS) as an example of Building Integrated Photovoltaics (BIPV). The analyses were conducted with the coupled power flow method (thermal and electrical) for 20 European cities. All locations were analysed considering the local climate in the context of building performance simulation as well as electricity production. The obtained results allowed for the determination of the risk of overheating, which can influence system durability, accelerated thermal ageing, and overall performance. It was revealed that the risk of overheating above 80 °C is possible in almost all locations; however, the intensity considerably differs between southern and northern Europe. The effect of latent heat storage for better thermal stabilization and overall performance was determined numerically for all locations. Finally, the improved solution with a phase change material (PCM) layer beside the PV panel was proposed individually for specific climatic zones, considering the required heat capacity. The maximum panel temperature for improved En-ActivETICS does not exceed 85 °C for any location.

Research on the Reliability of Box for Gear Test Bed

2011 ◽  
Vol 121-126 ◽  
pp. 1744-1748
Author(s):  
Xiang Yang Jin ◽  
Tie Feng Zhang ◽  
Li Li Zhao ◽  
He Teng Wang ◽  
Xiang Yi Guan
Keyword(s):  
Power Flow ◽  
Dynamic Performance ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Design Parameters ◽  
The Finite Element Method ◽  
Test Bed ◽  
Kinematics Simulation ◽  
Beveloid Gears ◽  
Overall Performance

To determine the efficiency, load-bearing capacity and fatigue life of beveloid gears with intersecting axes, we design a mechanical gear test bed with closed power flow. To test the quality of its structure and predict its overall performance, we establish a three-dimensional solid model for various components based on the design parameters and adopt the technology of virtual prototyping simulation to conduct kinematics simulation on it. Then observe and verify the interactive kinematic situation of each component. Moreover, the finite element method is also utilized to carry out structural mechanics and dynamics analysis on some key components. The results indicate that the test bed can achieve the desired functionality, and the static and dynamic performance of some key components can also satisfy us.

scholarly journals Numerical and Experimental Investigation of Air Cooling for Photovoltaic Panels Using Aluminum Heat Sinks

2020 ◽  
Vol 2020 ◽  
pp. 1-9 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zainal Arifin ◽  
Dominicus Danardono Dwi Prija Tjahjana ◽  
Syamsul Hadi ◽  
Rendy Adhi Rachmanto ◽  
Gabriel Setyohandoko ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Heat Sink ◽  
Cfd Simulation ◽  
Operating Temperature ◽  
Ambient Air ◽  
Heat Sinks ◽  
Solar Irradiation ◽  
Electrical Performance ◽  
Electricity Production ◽  
Air Cooling ◽  
Pv Panel

An increase in the operating temperature of photovoltaic (PV) panels caused by high levels of solar irradiation can affect the efficiency and lifespan of PV panels. This study uses numerical and experimental analyses to investigate the reduction in the operating temperature of PV panels with an air-cooled heat sink. The proposed heat sink was designed as an aluminum plate with perforated fins that is attached to the back of the PV panel. A comprehensive computational fluid dynamics (CFD) simulation was conducted using the software ANSYS Fluent to ensure that the heat sink model worked properly. The influence of heat sinks on the heat transfer between a PV panel and the circulating ambient air was investigated. The results showed a substantial decrease in the operating temperature of the PV panel and an increase in its electrical performance. The CFD analysis in the heat sink model with an air flow velocity of 1.5 m/s and temperature of 35°C under a heat flux of 1000 W/m2 showed a decrease in the PV panel’s average temperature from 85.3°C to 72.8°C. As a consequence of decreasing its temperature, the heat sink increased the open-circuit photovoltage (VOC) and maximum power point (PMPP) of the PV panel by 10% and 18.67%, respectively. Therefore, the use of aluminum heat sinks could provide a potential solution to prevent PV panels from overheating and may indirectly lead to a reduction in CO2 emissions due to the increased electricity production from the PV system.

scholarly journals A Novel BIPV Reconfiguration Algorithm for Maximum Power Generation under Partial Shading

Energies ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 13 (17) ◽  
pp. 4470 ◽  
Author(s):  
Saoud A. Al-Janahi ◽  
Omar Ellabban ◽  
Sami G. Al-Ghamdi
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Algorithm ◽  
Hot Spots ◽  
Maximum Yield ◽  
Electricity Production ◽  
Main Element ◽  
Solar Insolation ◽  
Partial Shading ◽  
Building Information Modelling ◽  
Building Integrated Photovoltaics ◽  
Building Information

The feasibility of electricity production via solar energy in the Middle East is high due to the enormous value of solar radiation. Building-integrated photovoltaics (BIPV) are systems used to utilise the unused spaces that can be installed on the façade or roof by replacing the building’s main element. However, the main problem associated with electricity production by BIPV is partial shading on the roof, which can produce multiple hot spots and disturbances to the system if the insolation values within the whole BIPV array vary. Partial shading, in this case, is observed due to the complexly shaped roof. This paper studies the partial shading effect on one of Qatar’s most recent projects (metro stations), and models the Education City station, which is a major station. The rooftop is complex, and it has many wavy shapes that can affect the BIPV system’s performance. The station is modelled using building-information modelling (BIM) software, wherein all of the station’s models are gathered and linked using BIM software to illustrate the BIPV and indicate the solar insolation distribution on the rooftop by simulating the station’s rooftop. The system is optimised for maximum yield to determine the optimal configuration and number of modules for each string using a genetic algorithm. The outcomes from the algorithm are based on clustering the solar insolation values and then applying a genetic algorithm optimisation to indicate the optimum BIPV array layout for maximum yield.

Coupling optical and thermal models to accurately predict PV panel electricity production

2014 ◽  
Vol 125 ◽  
pp. 325-338 ◽  
Author(s):  
P. Hoang ◽  
V. Bourdin ◽  
Q. Liu ◽  
G. Caruso ◽  
V. Archambault
Keyword(s):  
Electricity Production ◽  
Thermal Models ◽  
Pv Panel

scholarly journals Solar Energy Data Analytics: PV Deployment and Land Use

Energies ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 13 (2) ◽  
pp. 417 ◽  
Author(s):  
Francesco Mancini ◽  
Benedetto Nastasi
Keyword(s):  
Solar Energy ◽  
Renewable Energy Sources ◽  
Electricity Consumption ◽  
Electricity Production ◽  
Renewable Electricity ◽  
Building Integrated Photovoltaics ◽  
Electricity Mix ◽  
Final Energy Consumption ◽  
Policy Scenarios

EU targets for sustainable development call for strong changes in the current energy systems as well as committed protection of environmental resources. This target conflicts if a policy is not going to promote the compatible solutions to both the issues. This is the case of the additional renewable energy sources to be exploited for increasing the share in the electricity mix and in the gross final energy consumption. Solar energy is, currently, the cheapest solution in Southern European Countries, like Italy. In this paper, thanks to the availability of three open databases provided by National Institutions, the authors compared the historic trends and policy scenarios for soil consumption, electricity consumption, and renewable electricity production to check correlations. The provincial scale was chosen as resolution of the analysis. The deviations from the policy scenarios was then addressed to identify the demand for policy recommendations and pathways to promote in order to achieve the target for renewable electricity share as well as the reduction in soli consumption trend in 2030. The role of renewables integrated in the existing contexts, such as building integrated photovoltaics, is considered a key driver for solving this issue.

scholarly journals Exploiting the S-Iteration Process for Solving Power Flow Problems: Novel Algorithms and Comprehensive Analysis

Electronics ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (23) ◽  
pp. 3011
Author(s):  
Marcos Tostado-Véliz ◽  
Salah Kamel ◽  
Ibrahim B. M. Taha ◽  
Francisco Jurado
Keyword(s):  
Iterative Procedure ◽  
Power Flow ◽  
Iteration Process ◽  
Industrial Applications ◽  
Comprehensive Analysis ◽  
Eighth Order ◽  
Flow Problems ◽  
Overall Performance ◽  
Newton Raphson ◽  
Novel Algorithms

In recent studies, the competitiveness of the Newton-S-Iteration-Process (Newton-SIP) techniques to efficiently solve the Power Flow (PF) problems in both well and ill-conditioned systems has been highlighted, concluding that these methods may be suitable for industrial applications. This paper aims to tackle some of the open topics brought for this kind of techniques. Different PF techniques are proposed based on the most recently developed Newton-SIP methods. In addition, convergence analysis and a comparative study of four different Newton-SIP methods PF techniques are presented. To check the features of considered PF techniques, several numerical experiments are carried out. Results show that the considered Newton-SIP techniques can achieve up to an eighth order of convergence and typically are more efficient and robust than the Newton–Raphson (NR) technique. Finally, it is shown that the overall performance of the considered PF techniques is strongly influenced by the values of parameters involved in the iterative procedure.

scholarly journals The Environmental Impact of Advanced Material Concepts for Luminescent Solar Concentrators

2011 ◽  
Vol 68 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Mihai ANGHEL ◽  
Violeta NICULESCU ◽  
Ioan STEFANESCU
Keyword(s):  
Solar Spectrum ◽  
Front Surface ◽  
Thermal Conversion ◽  
Advanced Materials ◽  
Large Area ◽  
Potential Cost ◽  
Diffuse Solar Radiation ◽  
Building Integrated Photovoltaics ◽  
Luminescent Solar Concentrators ◽  
Pv Panel

Sunlight that is incident on the front surface of a luminescent solar concentrator (LSC) is absorbed and subsequently re-emitted by luminescent materials. The resulting luminescence is transported to the edge of the LSC sheet and concentrated onto photovoltaic devices. This paper outlines the loss mechanisms that limit conversion efficiency of the LSC and highlights the role that advanced materials can play. Losses include nonunity fluorescence quantum yield (FQY), reabsorption losses, incomplete utilization of the solar spectrum, and escape cone losses. Long-term photostability is also discussed as it is essential for commercial feasibility of any solar technology. The main motivation for implementing an LSC is to replace the large area of expensive solar cells required in a standard flat-plate PV panel, with an inexpensive polymeric collector, thereby, reducing the cost of the module (in dollars per watt) and also of the solar power (in dollars per kilowatthour). A key advantage of LSC technology compared to other concentrating systems is that it can collect both direct and diffuse solar radiation. This means that tracking of the sun is not required—enhancing further potential cost reductions and making LSCs excellent candidates for building integrated photovoltaics (BIPV)—as well as making them the ideal PV technology for cloudier northern European climates. Similarly to electricity conversion, LSCs also have applications in daylighting (Hiramoto et al., 1991), thermal conversion, and hybrid thermal–photovoltaic systems that could generate electricity and extract the heat generated by the LSC plate (Xue et al., 2005).

An Internet of Things system for measuring parameter of Photovoltaic Panel

2019 ◽  
Vol 2 (3) ◽  
pp. 215-221
Author(s):  
Sherwin Sompie ◽  
Meita Rumbayan
Keyword(s):  
Internet Of Things ◽  
Real Time ◽  
Voltage Sensor ◽  
Voltage Measurement ◽  
Photovoltaic Panel ◽  
Pv Panel ◽  
Overall Performance ◽  
Machine To Machine Communication ◽  
Machine Communication ◽  
Communications System

Internet of Things (IoT) system is developing at an impressive rate nowadays. It iscapable of performing machine-to-machine communication, cloud connection, datamanagement and collection simultaneously. In this paper, the authors have designed an IoTsystem in a Photovoltaic (PV) panel with real time current and voltage measurement, cloudconnection capability and measurement storage function into an IoT server. The graphical datastored allows evaluation of the PV Panel’s overall performance. Our IoT systems were poweredwith Arduino-based microcontroller paired with current and voltage sensor, as well as WIFIwireless communications system and Bluetooth module. We paired our system with an androidsmartphone to display the data and stored it into the Blynk server. Blynk is a cloud-based IoTcapable of controlling and storing data for Arduino-based microcontrollers over Wi-Fi orEthernet connection. In our experiment for 50WP PV panel, we were able to store the parameterfor over one week measurement ,that give us enough data to get the PV performance.

Optimal design and Levelized Cost of Electricity of 100% solar power microgrids in Africa: robustness and sensitivity to meteorological and economical drivers

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nicolas Plain ◽  
Sandrine mathy ◽  
Benoit Hingray
Keyword(s):  
Optimal Design ◽  
Sub Saharan Africa ◽  
Solar Panels ◽  
Levelized Cost Of Electricity ◽  
Local Climate ◽  
Cost Of Electricity ◽  
Pv Panel ◽  
Levelized Cost ◽  
Sub Saharan ◽  
Institutional Actors

<p>To accelerate the rate of electrification in remote places of sub-Saharan Africa and to be coherent with the COP21 Paris agreement, different studies propose the development of autonomous solar microgrid which have a moderate levelized cost of electricity (LCOE) while ensuring a good quality of service. This LCOE directly depends on the storage and PV oversizing needs required locally. In the present work, using high resolution satellite irradiance data for 20 years period and considering load curves for a panel of productive/domestic uses configurations, we show that the optimal design required locally (storage capacity/oversizing level of PV panel fleet) first depends on the temporal pattern of the demand and are typically lower when the demand is based on productive uses rather than domestic. It next depends on the level of the temporal resource/demand adequacy which typically varies in space according to the local climate features.</p><p>The costs of batteries, solar panels and the discount rates, obviously significantly determine the LCOE to be achieved with a given microgrid. These economical drivers could also influence the optimal storage/PV oversizing configuration. We further explore the sensitivity of the optimal design to such drivers. This sensitivity could have obviously important implications for all operational and institutional actors involved in the development of such systems in this area. We explore how this sensitivity varies in space and where the optimal design obtained with chosen values of those economical drivers can be considered as robust.</p>

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