scholarly journals Green Nanotechnology: The Latest Innovations, Knowledge Gaps, and Future Perspectives

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (10) ◽  
pp. 4513
Author(s):  
Roberto Martins ◽  
Olga Barbara Kaczerewska
Keyword(s):  
Materials Science ◽  
Future Perspectives ◽  
Enabling Technology ◽  
Knowledge Gaps ◽  
Green Nanotechnology

Nanotechnology is a key enabling technology bringing together chemists, biologists, physicists, and materials science engineers, among others [...]

Artificial reefs in the North –East Atlantic area: Present situation, knowledge gaps and future perspectives

2021 ◽  
Vol 213 ◽  
pp. 105854
Author(s):  
Bianca Reis ◽  
Pieter van der Linden ◽  
Isabel Sousa Pinto ◽  
Emanuel Almada ◽  
Maria Teresa Borges ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Present Situation ◽  
Artificial Reefs ◽  
Future Perspectives ◽  
East Atlantic ◽  
Knowledge Gaps ◽  
North East ◽  
The North ◽  
Atlantic Area

Identity of and Need for Undergraduate Materials Science and Engineering Education

MRS Bulletin ◽  
1990 ◽  
Vol 15 (8) ◽  
pp. 27-30
Author(s):  
Joel DuBow
Keyword(s):  
Materials Science ◽  
High Technology ◽  
Enabling Technology ◽  
Science And Engineering ◽  
Job Description ◽  
Societal Needs ◽  
Materials Science And Engineering ◽  
Science And Engineering Education ◽  
Industrial Materials ◽  
Rare Opportunity

A litany has recently emerged which proclaims materials science and engineering a primary enabling technology for most aspects of a modern high technology economy. More materials engineers have been called for, but employers and academia have not yet agreed on what job description or curricula should define a materials engineer. While the research or science aspects of materials science have been functioning well, manpower availability and industrial materials technology for commercial, military, environmental, and other societal needs lag behind our worldwide competitors.to nucleate the growth of a consensus and to create awareness and understanding of materials science and engineering begs an answer. In the absence of a consensus to help focus curriculum and increase awareness of materials science and engineering, the current diverse educational practices will remain, and a rare opportunity for professional development will be lost.

scholarly journals Strategies for Cancer Treatment Based on Photonic Nanomedicine

Materials ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (6) ◽  
pp. 1435
Author(s):  
Sueli Aparecida de Oliveira ◽  
Roger Borges ◽  
Derval dos Santos Rosa ◽  
Ana Carolina Santos de Souza ◽  
Amedea B. Seabra ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Side Effects ◽  
Cancer Treatment ◽  
Spatial Resolution ◽  
Photothermal Therapy ◽  
Web Of Science ◽  
Materials Science ◽  
Future Perspectives ◽  
Cancer Treatments ◽  
Temporal And Spatial ◽  
Materials Used

Traditional cancer treatments, such as surgery, radiotherapy, and chemotherapy, are still the most effective clinical practice options. However, these treatments may display moderate to severe side effects caused by their low temporal or spatial resolution. In this sense, photonic nanomedicine therapies have been arising as an alternative to traditional cancer treatments since they display more control of temporal and spatial resolution, thereby yielding fewer side effects. In this work, we reviewed the challenge of current cancer treatments, using the PubMed and Web of Science database, focusing on the advances of three prominent therapies approached by photonic nanomedicine: (i) photothermal therapy; (ii) photodynamic therapy; (iii) photoresponsive drug delivery systems. These photonic nanomedicines act on the cancer cells through different mechanisms, such as hyperthermic effect and delivery of chemotherapeutics and species that cause oxidative stress. Furthermore, we covered the recent advances in materials science applied in photonic nanomedicine, highlighting the main classes of materials used in each therapy, their applications in the context of cancer treatment, as well as their advantages, limitations, and future perspectives. Finally, although some photonic nanomedicines are undergoing clinical trials, their effectiveness in cancer treatment have already been highlighted by pre-clinical studies.

scholarly journals The Use of Calcium Phosphates in Cosmetics, State of the Art and Future Perspectives

Materials ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (21) ◽  
pp. 6398
Author(s):  
Francesca Carella ◽  
Lorenzo Degli Esposti ◽  
Alessio Adamiano ◽  
Michele Iafisco
Keyword(s):  
Materials Science ◽  
Recent Trend ◽  
State Of The Art ◽  
Calcium Phosphates ◽  
Oral Care ◽  
Hazardous Materials ◽  
Literature Survey ◽  
Future Perspectives ◽  
Odor Control ◽  
Research Papers

Calcium phosphates (CaPs) belong to a class of biomimetic materials widely employed for medical applications thanks to their excellent properties, such as biodegradability, biocompatibility and osteoinductivity. The recent trend in the cosmetics field of substituting potentially hazardous materials with natural, safe, and sustainable ingredients for the health of consumers and for the environment, as well as the progress in the materials science of academics and chemical industries, has opened new perspectives in the use of CaPs in this field. While several reviews have been focused on the applications of CaP-based materials in medicine, this is the first attempt to catalogue the properties and use of CaPs in cosmetics. In this review a brief introduction on the chemical and physical characteristics of the main CaP phases is given, followed by an up-to-date report of their use in cosmetics through a large literature survey of research papers and patents. The application of CaPs as agents in oral care, skin care, hair care, and odor control has been selected and extensively discussed, highlighting the correlation between the chemical, physical and toxicological properties of the materials with their final applications. Finally, perspectives on the main challenges that should be addressed by the scientific community and cosmetics companies to widen the application of CaPs in cosmetics are given.

scholarly journals Forb ecology research in dry African savannas: Knowledge, gaps, and future perspectives

2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (13) ◽  
pp. 7875-7891 ◽  
Author(s):  
Frances Siebert ◽  
Niels Dreber
Keyword(s):  
Future Perspectives ◽  
Knowledge Gaps
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